免疫层析试验与镜检法、聚合酶链反应诊断疟疾的比较

目的　评价免疫层析试验 (ICT)诊断疟疾的临床应用价值。方法　以镜检法和聚合酶链反应 (PCR)为对照 ,同时用ICT检测 89份门诊可疑疟疾感染患者的血标本。结果　ICT与镜检法和PCR比较 ,阳性检出符合率分别为 93 .4 %和 86.4 % ;敏感性分别为 90 .16%和 83 .3 3 % ;特异性分别为92 .86%和 91.3 0 %。当虫体密度 >10 0个 / μl时 ,ICT的敏感性为 10 0 % ,虫体密度 <10 0个 / μl时 ,敏感性为 72 .73 % ,虫体密度 <5 0个 / μl时 ,敏感性降低到 66.67%。 结论　ICT适用于疟疾检测的初筛 ,但尚不能完全替代镜检法     

A study of neurotrophism in a primate model

This study investigated the existence of neurotrophism in a primate model. In eight adult cynomolgus monkeys the sensory component of the femoral nerve was sectioned and introduced into the proximal channel of a silicone Y chamber. The proximal stump was given distal choices of various tissues inserted into the remaining arms of the silicone Y chamber. The targets presented were combinations of tendon, muscle, intact distal nerve, distal nerve graft, or an empty silicone channel. After 6 weeks, ultrastructural analysis confirmed axonal growth toward distal nerve tissue, while minimal or no nerve regeneration was directed toward tendon, muscle, or the empty silicone channel. The results showed that either a distal nerve stump or a nerve graft will act as a specific target to the regenerating primate proximal nerve stump.     

Four cases of obstructive sleep apnea associated with treatment-resistant mania

The authors describe four cases in which obstructive sleep apnea complicated the course and treatment of mania. An association between weight gain, obstructive sleep apnea, and lithium treatment is also illustrated.     

The Mini Rhytidectomy

A technique is described in which superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) is plicated from the deep temporal fascia above the zygoma to the level of the earlobe. This procedure requires only an extended preauricular incision. The neck is dealt with by liposuction. This technique is ideally suited to the younger patient requesting facelift and is based on a sound understanding of the anatomy of SMAS. The outcome of 35 patients who underwent this procedure during a 3.5-year period are described. There were no cases of facial nerve paresis or hair loss. There were no cases of skin necrosis but two patients developed small hematomas and one patient complained of a stretched preauricular scar. The mini facelift leads to a satisfactory result in the younger patient requesting rhytidectomy. The technique is simple and safe and can easily be performed on an ambulatory basis. Complications are uncommon and of a minor nature.     

Objective morphological assessment of macular hole surgery by scanning laser tomography

AIM—To assess the morphological change in retinal topography using a scanning laser tomographer following macular hole surgery. To compare the results of scanning laser tomography with clinical evaluation and visual function assessment.
METHODS—The sample for this pilot study comprised four eyes exhibiting different stages of macular hole formation preoperatively. Subjects were assessed preoperatively and at 1 and 3 months postoperatively. Each assessment included visual acuity, letter contrast sensitivity, clinical examination (including automated static perimetry), and scanning laser tomography. The Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT) was used to acquire digitised scanning laser tomography images of the macula (10° and 20° fields). Surgery essentially comprised vitrectomy, peeling of the posterior hyaloid face, if still attached, and intraocular gas tamponade. The magnitude and significance of topographic change were determined postoperatively using the HRT topographic difference facility.
RESULTS—Topographic difference analysis of the right and left eyes of case 1 showed a significant reduction in the height of the retina postoperatively. Topographic difference analysis of case 2 showed no significant change in topography. Topographic difference analysis of case 3 showed a significant increase in the height of the retina postoperatively. Scanning laser tomography agreed with clinical assessment based upon fundus biomicroscopy in three of the four eyes studied; the postoperative closure of the stage 2 macular hole (as noted by clinical assessment) proved to be too small to reach statistical significance. Scanning laser tomography agreed with the assessment of visual function in two eyes; the agreement between scanning laser tomography and visual function depends, in part, on the stage of development of the macular hole.
CONCLUSION—Scanning laser tomography provides an objective evaluation of the outcome of macular hole surgery. Studies employing larger sample sizes are required to fully determine the clinical worth of the technique.

     

手术联合中药治疗激素性股骨头缺血性坏死的实验研究

目的 :初步探讨激素性股骨头缺血性坏死的发病机制 ,观察手术 +中药治疗本病的疗效。方法 :通过对新西兰大白兔联合应用马血清 +甲基强的松龙造模及手术处理 ,对正常组、模型组、手术组、手术 +中药组实验兔的血脂、血液流变学、血生化及股骨头标本切片观察 ,分析比较。结果 :手术 +中药治疗本病的疗效优于单纯保髋手术。结论 :手术 +活血化瘀补肾壮骨方法是股骨头缺血性坏死治疗的合理方法     

Important risk factors of allograft survival in cadaveric renal transplantation. A study of 426 patients.

Multiple risk factors contribute to the allograft survival of patients who have cadaveric renal transplantation. A retrospective review of 19 such factors in 426 patients identified race, DR match, B + DR match, number of transplants, and preservation time to have a significant influence. The parametric analysis confirmed the effect to be primarily in the early phase, i.e., first 6 months. All patients received cyclosporine with other methods of immunosuppression resulting in an overall 1-year graft survival rate of 66%. The overall 1-year graft survival rate in the white race was 73% and in the black race was 57% (p = 0.002). Allograft survival and DR match showed white recipients with a 1 DR match to have 75% survival at 1 year compared with 57% in the black patient (p = 0.009). If HLA B + DR match was considered, the white recipient allograft survival increased to 76%, 84%, and 88% for 1, 2, and 3 match kidneys by parametric analysis. Patients receiving first grafts had better graft survival (68%) than those undergoing retransplantation (58%) (p = 0.05). Organ preservation less than 12 hours influenced allograft survival with a 78% 1-year survival rate compared with 63% for kidneys with 12-18 hours of preservation. Despite the benefits of B + DR typing, short preservation time, and first transplants to the white recipient, the allograft survival in the black recipient remained uninfluenced by these parameters.     

经皮冠状动脉腔内支架置入术治疗冠心病

目的:评估冠状动脉内支架置入术的效果。方法:回顾性分析1996年2月～2000年2月我院接受冠状动脉内支架置入术的120例病人的治疗效果。结果:在183处病变共置入支架125只。在未经介入性治疗的病变置入支架(De novo stenting)101只,PTCA结果不理想(suboptimal)置入支架19只,2例PTCA并发夹层,濒临闭塞时紧急置入支架(Bail-out stenting)2只,在再狭窄病变置入支架3只。置入支架平均直径3.00±0.69mm,平均长度18.15±10.26mm。手术即刻成功率98.4％,主要并发症率为1.6％((2例AMI)。结论:冠脉内支架置入术是治疗冠心病的一种安全有效的介入性治疗技术,其成功率高,并发症少。