Identification of premature ovarian failure patients with underlying autoimmunity

Although known causes of premature ovarian failure (POF) include X chromosome deletions, radiation and chemotherapy, and genetic defects of the gonadotropin hormones or receptors, at least one third to one half of cases remain idiopathic. A significant proportion of patients with apparently idiopathic POF have some evidence for an autoimmune etiology. However, the only gold standard for detecting autoimmune causes of immune ovarian destruction has been invasive ovarian biopsy. Serum antibodies to ovarian and other self-tissue have been described in up to one third of women with POF, but the tests are not well standardized, not well correlated with ovarian histology, and highly variable. Recently, specific defects of expression of cell surface markers on peripheral blood lymphocytes have been shown to identify, in population-based studies, individuals destined to develop autoimmune pancreatic destruction and type I diabetes mellitus, even before any other evidence of autoimmunity. We, therefore, sought to test the ability of cell surface marker expression in women with POF to identify autoimmune defects. Seventeen women with POF, 11 of whom had positive antibody titers to ovary, thyroid, or antinuclear antibody, were studied on at least two occasions and compared in blinded fashion with normal controls and patients with autoimmune type I diabetes mellitus. The most useful marker for identifying autoimmunity was the surface density of conformationally correct HLA class I molecules on macrophages, a structure essential for T cell education. Using this marker, 7 of the 9 patients with autoantibodies and 3 of the 8 patients without autoantibodies were identified as having evidence of a defect in self-antigen presentation similar to that of type I diabetics (chi-square, p = 0.03). Subsequent testing identified antismooth muscle antibodies in 1 of the women with a defect of HLA class I molecules but no previously identified autoimmunity. In addition, there were increased numbers of CD8 T cells in both autoimmune POF and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. Exclusive to POF patients was a statistically significant increase in CD8 density on T cells. This was most prominent in POF patients with an underlying autoimmune etiology. These data further support a role for autoimmunity in POF patients and suggest that the further development of cell surface markers in combination with other diagnostic tests could result in diagnosis before the development of complete ovarian failure. The possibility for disease-specific therapy to prevent further autoimmune ovarian damage in selected POF patients is also envisioned.     

别嘌呤醇与溴敌隆的协同作用

目的观察别嘌呤醇与溴敌隆的协同作用及其是否可以改善溴敌隆的灭鼠性能。方法使用灌胃和饲喂2种方法观察小白鼠首次出现死亡的时间和摄食系数。结果首次出现死鼠时间，灌胃法：0．0058％溴敌隆为4d，00056％溴敌隆＋0．0058％别嘌呤醇为2d；饲喂法：0．005％溴敌隆为4d，0．002％～0．005％溴敌隆分别与0．04％和0．06％别嘌呤醇合用均为3d。适口性检测结果：0．005％溴敌隆组、0．002％溴敌隆＋0．04％别嘌呤醇组、0．002％溴敌隆＋0．06％别嘌呤醇组的摄食系数分别为1、0．92、1．49。结论别嘌呤醇可以改善溴敌隆的灭鼠性能，使首次出现死鼠的时间提前。当别嘌呤醇浓度大于0．06％时，可使摄食系数提高，     

Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Improvement with Prebiotics: Histological Evaluation of Longish Glucomannan Hydrolysates-Induced Innate T Lymphocyte Activities in Mice

Use of prebiotics is a growing topic in healthcare. A lightweight molecule and water-soluble fiber ingredient, longish glucomannan hydrolysates (LGH), has been developed to improve the intestinal mucosal barrier and confer gut health benefits. This study aims to investigate the implications of continuous LGH intervening in intestinal epithelium integrity and protective immunity against chemical dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Twelve male BALB/c mice were randomly arranged into four groups. The LGH/DSS group had results in bodyweight variance, epithelial cell density, and aberrancy score as good as the LGH group, and both were equivalent to the control group. LGH consumption effectively protects the distal intestinal epithelium by activating innate T lymphocytes. Meanwhile, T-cell subsets in subepithelial interspersion take a bystander role in these microenvironmental alterations. Under this stress, the cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3)⁺ T cells infiltrate the epithelium, while CD4⁺ T cells inversely appear in submucosal large lymphoid aggregates/isolated lymphoid follicles (ILFs) in which significant CD3⁺, CD4⁺, and CD8⁺ T-cell populations agglomerate. Moreover, forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) and interleukin 17 (IL-17) are observed in these ILFs. Agglomerated CD4⁺ T-cell lineages may have roles with proinflammatory T helper 17 cells and anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells in balancing responses to intraluminal antigens. Collectively, LGH administration may function in immune modulation to protect against DSS-induced inflammation.     

合肥市社区居民健康状况及其影响因素分析

目的 了解社区居民健康状况及其影响因素,为合理配置社区卫生资源提供决策依据.方法 在合肥市39所CHS中心服务辖区内随机选择40户家庭,采用入户访谈调查全部家庭成员.结果 社区居民2 w患病率为80.0‰;年住院率为7.3%;慢性病患病率为16.4%;15岁及以上居民认为自身健康状况"好"、"一般"及"差"的比例分别为33.6%、58.5%、7.9%;医疗保障制度、文化程度、收入水平及生活行为是影响健康状况的重要因素.结论 在社区居民健康诊断的基础上,合理配置社区卫生资源,精心设计服务提供内容,不断满足社区居民卫生服务需求.     

Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study on the Interactions of Mixed Cationic/Anionic Collectors on Muscovite (001) Surface in Aqueous Solution

In this study, the adsorption mechanisms of dodecylamine hydrochloride(DDAHC), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS), and their mixed anionic/cationic collectors at ten different molar ratios on a muscovite (Mcv) surface in neutral aqueous solution were assessed by molecular dynamics simulations (MDS). According to the snapshot, interaction energy, radial distribution function (RDF), and density profile between the Mcv surface and collector molecules, the individual DDAHC collector was an effective collector for the flotation of Mcv. The molar ratio of anionic/cationic collectors was determined to be an essential factor in the flotation recovery of Mcv. The DDAHC collector was involved in the adsorption of the mixed anionic/cationic collectors on the Mcv (001) surface, whereas SDS and SDBS collectors were co-adsorbed with DDAHC. The mixed cationic/anionic collector showed the best adsorption on the Mcv surface in a molar ratio of 2. Additionally, SDBS, which has one more benzene ring than SDS, was more likely to form spherical micelles with DDAHC, thus resulting in better adsorption on the Mcv surface. The results of micro-flotation experiments indicated that the DDAHC collector could improve the flotation recovery of Mcv in neutral aqueous solution, which was in agreement with MDS-derived findings. In conclusion, DDAHC alone is the optimum collector for Mcv flotation under the neutral aqueous conditions, while the mixture of DDAHC and SDBS collectors (molar ratio = 2:1) exhibits the similar flotation performance.     

2009-2013年无锡地区医疗机构中华核心期刊论文发表情况排名分析

按照文献检索的方法,通过万方数据知识服务平台搜集相关文献,提取符合标准的相关基本信息,按照年度变化、医疗机构、期刊分布、作者情况等进行统计分析,从而了解无锡地区医疗机构2009-2013年间在中华系列核心期刊上发表论文数量动态变化,为医院科研管理部门提供决策参考。     

确保信息系统新项目成功实施的关键问题分析

叙述了从信息保障部门考虑,医院信息系统新项目实施过程中需注意的问题;应用项目管理的方法可有效解决这些影响项目实施成败的关键问题;指出医院信息保障部门对项目管理的积极参与,能够有效促进系统顺利实施.     

围产期胎儿炎症反应综合征发生及防治的研究进展

胎儿炎症反应综合征可能与各种围产儿不良结局密切相关,其病因、发病机制及防治方法尚存在争议.除感染外,宫内慢性缺氧也是诱发其发生的重要因素,多种细胞因子参与的免疫反应在其发生中起重要作用,抗生素辅助免疫调节剂联合皮质类固醇激素是防治其发生的有效手段.     

奥维环境消毒液对ICU环境微生物消毒效果与评价

目的比较奥维环境消毒液与含氯消毒剂对医院重症监护病房(ICU)环境的消毒效果。方法选取了6间ICU,分别对呼吸机操作面板或按钮、床头桌或床边护栏、电脑键盘按键各30例用两种消毒剂进行消毒,消毒前及消毒后15、min分别进行采样,比较两者的杀菌率。结果床头桌或床边护栏25处(83.3%)、电脑键盘按键28处(93.3%)、呼吸机操作面板或按钮23处(76.7%)消毒前超过了卫生部规定的标准(<5 CFU/cm2);两种消毒剂的15、min的杀菌率均达到90.0%,差异无统计学意义。结论两种消毒剂消毒效果无差异,但与含氯消毒剂相比,奥维环境消毒液安全性高、材料兼容性好、完全降解等特点是消毒人群密集和耐药菌较多的ICU环境的较理想选择。