Rb基因在鼻咽癌中存在状态的研究

首次应用生物素－１４－ｄＵＴＰ标记Ｒｂ３．８ｋｂ探针，结合亲合素－碱性磷酸酶发光及自显影法，对Ｒｂ基因在鼻咽癌中存在状态进行了研究。杂交结果表明，３例正常胎儿鼻咽组织出现分子量为１２．８、１０．２、８．０、６．２、５．６、５．２及４．８ｋｂ的７条杂文区带，１１例鼻咽癌组织均发现有Ｒｂ基因缺失或失活，其中４例为５．６ｋｂ片段缺失，４例为４．８ｋｂ缺失并有２例伴５．６ｋｂ减弱，２例为１０．２ｋｂ缺失，１例为５．６及５．２ｋｂ片段显著减弱，说明在上述１１例鼻咽癌中均有Ｒｂ基因的改变。这种高频率的异常变化，提示Ｒｂ基因的缺失或失活，与鼻咽癌的发生有密切关系。     

Acoustic transmission in normal human hips: structural testing of joint symmetry

An acoustical technique has been developed for the measurement of structural symmetry of the hip joints. A mild vibratory force was applied to the sacrum and sound signals were picked up at both hips by a pair of microphones installed in two stethoscopes. These stethoscope–microphone assembles were calibrated to achieve a difference in relative sensitivity of less than 0.2 dB. The relative transmission of sound signals was analysed and compared between both hips by a dual-channel signal analyser. Twenty-seven healthy adults, 20 healthy pre-school children and 19 normal neonates were tested. Results from these three groups showed high coherence of the sound signals and that the discrepancy between both hips was smallest in the frequency range of 200–315 Hz. For normal neonates, the sound signals maintained a high coherence (γ²>0.97) and small discrepancy (D<1.25 dB) between both hips. This study has shown that the acoustical technique provides a practical structural testing for bony symmetry of the hips and the results offer a baseline for further investigation into developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in neonates. Clinical screening for DDH is still problematic in developing countries.     

检测体内异种II型胶原异体移植引起的细胞毒反应

检测用猪II型胶原免疫新西兰大白兔的异种异体细胞免疫反应。用II型胶原免疫新西兰大白兔60 d,定期抽取血浆检测抗II型胶原抗体;第60 d取兔的外周血淋巴细胞、兔脾细胞、淋巴结分别分离淋巴细胞,进行体外二次II型胶原刺激,检测由此引起的反应性的细胞增殖规律。实验分为二组,第一组加入不同浓度植物血凝素(PHA)作阳性对照,并测定非特异性免疫;第二组加入不同浓度II型胶原,检测特异性免疫。正常兔的淋巴细胞在PHA剌激下发生增殖,但对II型胶原的第一次剌激不发生增殖,而免疫兔对PHA和II型胶原的剌激均能发生显著的增殖。表明异种II型胶原在一定浓度下,可以引起免疫兔的抗II型胶原抗体的升高,并可引起兔脾、外周血淋巴细胞增殖,异种II型胶原能在体内引起细胞免疫反应。     

直肠癌转移与癌组织微血管密度的关系

目的:分析直肠癌组织的微血管密度(MVD)变化及其对癌转移的临床诊断价值。方法:采用免疫组织化学法,对72例手术切除直肠癌组织标本进行微血管标记;在光学显微镜下测定其MVD。将所有患者的临床及追踪随访资料与其手术标本的MVD数据进行统计分析。结果:有转移直肠癌组织的MVD高于无转移者(106.12±32.18vs84.26±27.13),差异有非常显著性意义。结论:直肠癌组织的MVD增加对诊断癌转移有一定的临床价值。     

NGF在成年猴脑的分布

为了解NGF在成年猴脑的分布,采用免疫组化SP法对成年猴脑多个冠状位切片进行免疫组化反应。结果证明,NGF阳性反应神经元主要分布于大脑皮质Ⅲ、V层,小脑Purkinje细胞,海马,齿状回,纹状体,脑干网状结构等处。此外,在黑质、舌下神经核、迷走神经背核、前庭神经核、三叉神经核、疑核、下橄榄核也出现NGF阳性反应。在大脑和脑干还观察到NGF阳性胶质细胞。本实验结果表明,在成年猴脑的多个脑区有NGF表达,提示NGF可能涉及猴脑某些神经元及胶质细胞的生理过程。     

肾阳虚证患者红细胞LPO、SOD和ATP酶活性的变化

目的 :探讨肾阳虚证患者红细胞LPO、SOD和ATP酶活性的特点及其意义。方法 :观察 19例肾阳虚证患者和 2 1例正常人红细胞LPO、SOD和红细胞膜Na+ K+ ATP酶、Mg2 + ATP酶、Ca2 + ATP酶、Ca2 + Mg2 + ATP酶活性的变化。结果 :与对照组比较 ,肾阳虚证患者红细胞LPO含量升高 (P <0 .0 1) ,红细胞SOD活性降低 (P <0 .0 1) ;红细胞膜Na+ K+ ATP酶活性显著升高 (P <0 .0 1) ,而Mg2 + ATP酶活性变化无显著性差异 ,Ca2 + ATP酶活性升高 (P <0 .0 1) ,Ca2 + Mg2 + ATP酶活性也显著升高 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :肾阳虚证患者红细胞内脂质过氧化反应增强 ,而抗氧化能力降低 ,红细胞膜Na+ K+ ATP酶、Ca2 + ATP酶和Ca2 + Mg2 + ATP酶活性升高 ;本研究为理解肾阳虚证的病理生理基础提供了初步实验依据     

大鼠肺微血管内皮细胞培养及其粘弹性研究

为了建立肺微血管内皮细胞培养方法 ,研究肺微血管内皮细胞粘弹性。我们取大鼠肺周边组织 (宽度不应大于 1.5 mm) ,将组织剪成 1.5 mm× 1mm× 1mm的组织块 ,贴入无菌的 2 5 cm3培养瓶 ,每瓶 10～ 15块 ,同时加入含 2 0胎牛血清、肝素 90 U/ml、L-谷氨酰胺 4mmol、青霉素 10 0 U/ml和链霉素 10 0 μg/ml的 DMEM培养基 3ml,放入 37℃二氧化碳培养箱中静置培养 ;8h后翻转培养瓶 ,6 0 h后取出肺组织块 ,接着继续培养 2～ 4d后进行传代。最后消化分离肺微血管内皮细胞 ,用微管吸吮系统研究肺微血管内皮细胞粘弹性。结果显示 :肺微血管内皮细胞通过倒置相差显微镜观察 ,细胞呈鹅卵石镶嵌状排列 ,状如梭形或多角形 ,大小均匀 ,胞核清晰 ,呈卵圆形 ,胞浆丰富 ; 因子相关抗原免疫荧光染色呈阳性 ;肺微血管内皮细胞弹性模量 K1 =49.3± 9.2 Pa、K2 =73.2±2 4.8Pa、粘性系数 μ=19.2± 7.2 Pa.s。这些结果表明用组织块法培养肺微血管内皮细胞是可行的 ,肺微血管内皮细胞表现出较大的刚性     

Systemic autoimmune disease induced by dendritic cells that have captured necrotic but not apoptotic cells in susceptible mouse strains

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder of a largely unknown etiology. Anti-double-stranded (ds) DNA antibodies are a classic hallmark of the disease, although the mechanism underlying their induction remains unclear. We demonstrate here that, in both lupus-prone and normal mouse strains, strong anti-dsDNA antibody responses can be induced by dendritic cells (DC) that have ingested syngeneic necrotic (DC/nec), but not apoptotic (DC/apo), cells. Clinical manifestations of lupus were evident, however, only in susceptible mouse strains, which correlate with the ability of DC/nec to release IFN-gamma and to induce the pathogenic IgG2a anti-dsDNA antibodies. Injection of DC/nec not only accelerated disease progression in the MRL/MpJ-lpr/lpr lupus-prone mice but also induced a lupus-like disease in the MRL/MpJ-+/+ wild-type control strain. Immune complex deposition was readily detectable in the kidneys, and the mice developed proteinuria. Strikingly, female MRL/MpJ-+/+ mice that had received DC/nec, but not DC/apo, developed a 'butterfly' facial lesion resembling a cardinal feature of human SLE. Our study therefore demonstrates that DC/nec inducing a Th1 type of responses, which are otherwise tightly regulated in a normal immune system, may play a pivotal role in SLE pathogenesis.     

Affinity fractionation of lymphocytes using a monolithic cryogel

A new type of continuous, supermacroporous, monolithic, cryogel affinity adsorbent was developed, allowing specific fractionation and separation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes in a chromatographic format. The affinity adsorbent was used to design a novel cell separation strategy, which was based on the interaction of protein A from Staphylococcus aureus with cells bearing IgG antibodies on the surface. After treating lymphocytes with goat anti-human IgG(H+L), the IgG-positive B-lymphocytes were efficiently separated from T-lymphocytes. Protein A covalently coupled to epoxy activated dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) cryogel matrix specifically bound IgG-bearing B-lymphocytes through the Fc region, while non-bound T-lymphocytes passed through the column. More than 90% of the B-lymphocytes were retained in the column while the cells in the breakthrough fraction were enriched in T-lymphocytes (81%). The viability of the T-lymphocytes isolated was greater than 90%. The bound lymphocytes released by human or dog IgG recovered 60-70% of the B-cells without significantly impairing the cell viability. The technique can be applied in general to cell separation systems where IgG antibodies against specific cell surface markers are available.     

胫骨外侧髁骨折塌陷对关节轴线及接触压力的影响

目的:研究在胫骨外侧髁骨折中关节面塌陷和外侧半月板切除对膝关节轴线、接触面积及压力的影响。方法:6个新鲜尸体膝关节标本制成胫骨外侧髁劈裂骨折模型,通过使用支撑垫片制成关节面塌陷0、1、2、4和6mm。膝关节在屈膝0°,负荷500N和屈膝30°,负荷350N。通过数码相机记录关节轴线的变化;而关节内外间隙的压力和压力扩散则由F-Scan感应器记录。每个标本在保留和切除外侧半月板下进行测试。结果:随着关节面塌陷高度的增加,膝关节外翻角度、外侧间隙的平均和最大的接触压力逐渐增加,而接触面积则逐渐减少。在屈膝0°,关节面塌陷6mm时,外翻角度平均增加7.6°,平均接触压力和最大接触压力分别增加208%和97%;而接触面积则减少33%。在同一关节面塌陷高度,切除半月板平均增加38%的外翻角度和外侧间隙45%的接触压力;而接触面积则减少26%。结论:研究结果表明在治疗胫骨外髁劈裂骨折中,减少关节面的塌陷十分重要,特别是在需切除半月板的时候。