Indole amine deficiency in blood and cerebrospinal fluid from patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection

Twenty-four patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were investigated for possible changes in certain indole amine constituents in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Albumin in serum was determined and used as a rough nutritional marker. Six of the 24 patients had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS, four had other clinical symptoms of HIV infection, and 14 had no apparent symptoms. The HIV-seropositive patients had significantly decreased tryptophan values; their blood concentrations were 28% lower and their CSF concentrations 30% lower than corresponding values in 14 healthy controls. The blood concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were 50% lower, and the platelet content of 5-HT was 36% lower in HIV-infected individuals than in the control group. The most pronounced changes were invariably seen in the six cases with AIDS and in patients with a low number of CD4+ cells. No significant difference between controls and HIV-seropositive patients was detected in the mean CSF concentrations of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), although these levels were markedly reduced in four of the HIV patients. Neither was any significant difference seen between patients and controls in the serum concentrations of albumin.     

Alterations in cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of somatostatinlike immunoreactivity in neuropsychiatric disorders

The concentration of somatostatinlike immunoreactivity in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from normal, healthy volunteers (n = 10) and patients with DSM-III diagnoses of major depression (n = 17), schizophrenia (n = 11), or dementia (n = 29) was measured by a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay. Statistically significant decreases in CSF concentrations of somatostatinlike immunoreactivity were seen in all three patient populations when compared with controls. These findings confirm previous reports of decreased concentrations of somatostatinlike immunoreactivity in the CSF of patients with depression and dementia and extend this observation to patients with schizophrenia as well. These findings are concordant with the view that reductions in somatostatinlike immunoreactivity concentrations are associated with diseases in which cognitive function is disturbed.     

急性淋病性尿道炎462例报告

报告462例急性淋病性尿道炎，男444例，女18例，年龄21-30岁者326例，占75%。男性多有典型症状，女性症状不明显，急性期分泌物涂片均查找到淋病双球菌，430例痊愈，32例有复发，治疗宜用大剂量青霉素，同时用丙磺舒。青霉素过敏或耐药者采用先锋霉素或四环素，并进行了讨论。     

Molecular Weights and Isoelectric Points of Sperm Antigens Relevant to Autoimmune Infertility in Men

Purpose

We determined the molecular weights and isoelectric points of antigens in the uncapacitated and capacitated spermatozoa of fertile men binding to the serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) from 8 autoimmune infertile men and 8 fertile nonautoimmune men.

Materials and Methods

We used double fluorochrome cytotoxicity and immunobead binding assays to determine the sperm antibody status of the study subjects. 2-Dimensional gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis were used to determine the molecular weights and isoelectric points of sperm antigens binding to serum IgG from these men. Amino acid sequencing of the digested peptides of chosen proteins was accomplished. Immune reactivity to the proteins in autoimmune infertile men was further verified.

Results

Serum IgG from fertile men failed to react significantly. Serum IgG from all autoimmune men (100 percent) showed significant binding to proteins with a molecular weight of 92 kDa. and isoelectric points of 3.5 to 4.0 in the capacitated spermatozoa. Six of 8 infertile men (75 percent) had serum IgG binding to capacitated sperm antigens with a molecular weight of 18 kDa. and isoelectric points of 4.5 to 5.2. Amino acid sequencing of peptides of the 92 kDa. protein matched complement component 1 (C1) inhibitor, with noted differences in the amino acid sequencing from the latter. The 18 kDa. protein matched calmodulin. We verified that serum IgG from autoimmune infertile men bound with C1 inhibitor and ascertained that the 92 kDa. protein in the spermatozoa was C1 inhibitor-like protein.

Conclusions

Significant antibody responses to C1 inhibitor-like protein and calmodulin were noted in autoimmune men. Both of these proteins may be of testicular origin and these autoimmune responses may be highly relevant to infertility.     

儿童心房扑动的临床研究进展

心房扑动(atrial flutter,AFL)是儿童时期较为少见的一类快速性心律失常,可为原发性,发生在健康心脏,也可继发于心脏病或者全身疾病,常见于先天性心脏病、心脏手术后、心肌病等。若心房扑动发作频繁、持续时间长,可造成心功能降低、心脏扩大,易引起心动过速性心肌病[1-2],故需积极治疗。目前缺乏针对儿童心房扑动的多中心大样本量的临床和电生理研究,也没有专门的指南作为治疗依据,使得儿童心房扑动的分类和治疗缺乏统一标准。本文旨在结合国内外研究,从流行病学和危险因素、分类和电生理机制、临床表现和诊断以及治疗阐述儿童心房扑动的临床进展。     

儿童癌症远期生存与代谢综合征

随着全球医疗技术的快速发展,儿童癌症的临床诊治及研究取得了长足进步。儿童癌症生存率大幅提高,儿童癌症幸存者的生活质量开始受到重视。大量研究报道儿童癌症幸存者远期代谢综合征发病率高,特别是经颅照射腹部照射或者全身照射的患儿发生代谢综合征的风险更高。代谢综合征是多种代谢异常同时聚集在同一个体的病理状态,显著增加心血管疾病风险。儿童癌症幸存者远期代谢综合征的发病机制尚未阐明,但已明确与抗癌治疗后激素缺乏、药物或放射治疗损害、内皮功能紊乱等因素密切相关。因此,重视儿童癌症幸存者代谢综合征的早期诊断、早期防治,鼓励癌症幸存者改善饮食习惯和增加运动达到理想的体重,以降低代谢综合征、心血管疾病的发病率具有重要的临床意义。     

母乳中胰岛素样生长因子1水平对新生儿生长发育的影响

目的　动态观察人类母乳中胰岛素样生长因子 1(IGF 1)在初乳及成熟乳中的变化及其与泌乳量的关系 ;探讨母乳中IGF 1水平对新生儿生长发育的影响。方法　监测 38名足月新生儿生后 6周身长、体重、头围的增长及其母亲体重指数。采用双抗放射免疫法测定初乳 (生后 3～ 5d)和成熟乳 (生后 4 2d)中IGF 1的浓度并测量同日母乳量 ,测量新生儿生后 3～ 5d血清IGF 1浓度 ,并分析两者之间的关系。结果　 (1)初乳中IGF 1浓度 [(6 3± 1 6 ) μg/L]显著高于成熟乳 [(4 7± 2 1) μg/L],差异有显著意义 (t=3 2 32 ,P <0 0 5 )。 (2 )初乳和成熟乳中IGF 1的浓度 [分别为 (6 3± 1 6 ) μg/L ,(4 7± 2 1) μg/L]均与同日母乳分泌量 [分别为 (380± 114 )ml/d ,(783± 199)ml/d]呈正相关 (r分别为 0 6 17,0 793) ;乳量绝对不足的母亲初乳中IGF 1浓度 [(4 1± 1 5 ) μg/L]明显低于能维持母乳喂养者 [(6 3± 1 6 ) μg/L],差异有显著意义 (t=4 4 5 4 ,P <0 0 0 1)。 (3)与新生儿体重、头围增长相关的因素按相关性大小依次为成熟乳量、初乳中IGF 1的浓度、新生儿生后早期血清IGF 1水平以及母亲哺乳期的体重指数。结论　初乳中足够的IGF 1浓度是启动泌乳并使之得以维持的重要条件 ,乳腺分泌的IGF 1可能通过促进     

Internalizing Behavior in Adolescent Girls Affects Parental Emotional Overinvolvement: A Cross-lagged Twin Study

The aim of this study was to examine the direction and the etiology of the association between different parenting styles (parental emotional overinvolvement [EOI] and parental criticism) and internalizing behavior from adolescence to early adulthood. A longitudinal genetically informative cross-lagged design was applied to a population-based sample of Swedish twins contacted at age 16–17 (n = 2369) and at age 19–20 (n = 1705). Sex-limitation modelling revealed different effects for boys and girls. For girls, genetic influences on internalizing problems at age 16–17 independently explained 2.7% of the heritability in parental EOI at age 19–20. These results suggest that emotionally overinvolved and self-sacrificing parental behavior stems in part from daughters (but not sons) genetic predisposition for internalizing behavior. These findings highlight the importance of genetically influenced child-driven effects underlying the parenting-internalizing association, and clarify that the role of such effects may differ depending on sex, type of parenting and developmental period.