Antibacterial Activity of Pepducins,Allosterical Modulators of Formyl Peptide Receptor Signaling

Pepducins containing a fatty acid linked to an amino acid sequence derived from cytosolic parts of a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) constitute a new group of lipopeptide tools in GPCR studies. Pepducins corresponding to the third intracellular loop of formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) activate human neutrophils, and we show here that, in addition, these allosteric modulators of receptor activity also kill bacteria. The functional dualism of FPR2 pepducins could potentially be explored as a novel class of antibacterial drugs with immunomodulatory properties.     

Combined detection of preoperative serum CEA,CA19-9 and CA242 improve prognostic prediction of surgically treated colorectal cancer patients

We assessed the prognostic significance of preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carbohydrate antigen 242 (CA242) levels in surgically treated colorectal cancer patients. The relationship of preoperative serum CEA, CA19-9 and CA242 levels with disease characteristics was investigated in 310 patients. Correlation between tumor markers was investigated using Pearson correlation test. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were used to study the relationship between preoperative tumor markers and prognosis [disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS)]. Kaplan-Meier analysis with log rank test was used to assess the impact of tumor marker levels on survival. Positive rate of preoperative serum CEA, CA19-9 and CA242 were 54.84%, 47.42% and 37.10%, respectively. High preoperative CEA level was associated with tumor size (P = 0.038), T stage (P < 0.001) and AJCC stage (P = 0.002). High preoperative CA19-9 level was associated with tumor AJCC stage (P = 0.023). Preoperative CA242 positively correlated with CEA (P < 0.001) and CA19-9 (P < 0.001). Combining the three markers was of independent prognostic value in CRC (HR = 2.532, 95% CI: 1.400-4.579, P = 0.002 for OS; and HR = 2.366, 95% CI: 1.334-4.196, P = 0.003 for DFS). Combined detection of preoperative serum CEA, CA19-9 and CA242 is of independent prognostic value for management of CRC patients treated surgically.     

地图舌危险因素的研究进展

地图舌（良性游走性舌炎）是一种常见的浅表性良性舌部炎症,临床表现为丝状乳头剥脱红斑区伴周围黄白条带状微凸边缘,病理为非特异性炎症表现,大多数患者无症状,病损可自愈,常有复发,一般不需药物治疗。当病损累及舌部以外口腔黏膜时称异位性地图舌（游走性口炎）,其临床表现及组织病理学特点均似地图舌。地图舌病因尚不明确,与年龄相关,儿童多发;危险因素复杂,包括免疫因素、遗传因素、过敏体质、精神压力、吸烟、内分泌因素以及缺锌等;可伴发其他疾病如沟纹舌、银屑病、糖尿病、胃肠紊乱、灼口综合征或唐氏综合征等。地图舌是否为银屑病的口腔表征尚存争议,其与沟纹舌关系尚待进一步研究。本文就地图舌危险因素的研究进展作一综述。     

Consistency in catecholamine and cortisol excretion in males and females

Data from a series of experiments performed on 24 female and 24 male subjects were used to evaluate the consistency in urinary catecholamine and cortisol excretion. Data were available from 8 laboratory situations of varying activity level and content, spaced at intervals of maximum 3 months. Correlational analyses showed that for cortisol, interindividual consistency was higher for measures obtained on the same day than for measures obtained on different days. Interindividual consistency was generally high in catecholamine and cortisol excretion during non-stressful situations in both sexes. During experimental stress, however, consistency was as high as during nonstress for males, while it was lower for females. Analysis of variance components confirmed these results and showed that in males variation due to interindividual differences was high during both baseline and experimental-stress situations, while in females it was high during baseline situations only. During experimental stress, variation for females was due primarily to interaction. It is suggested that the males showed a more generalized stress response over situations than the females.     

Trial of the correlation between cytochrome oxidase CYP3A4 with the susceptibility of paclitaxel-based regimen for advanced gastric cancer

Objective： The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between susceptibility of paclitaxel-based regimen and gene polymorphisms of cytochrome oxidase CYP3A4 for advanced gastric cancer. Methods： Peripheral venous blood sample of 53 advanced gastric cancer patients were enrolled to test the mutation of CYP3A4 gene by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography（DHPLC） and DNA sequencing. The relation between the efficacy of paclitaxel-based regimen and CYP3A4 gene polymorphisms was further analyzed. Results： DHPLC indicated that among the 53 patients, 21 cases showed biomodal type（mutation） and 32 cases were of unimodal type（wild-type）. Sequencing results showed that the deletion mutation was found at the 27 th basic group of C in exon 10 of CYP3A4 gene. The response rate（RR） and disease control rate（DCR） of wild-type group were 40.6% and 84.4%, while in mutation group they were 33.3% and 85.7%, respectively, with no significances between the two groups（P 0.05）. Of all 53 cases, the median progression-free survival（PFS） was 6.5 months（95% CI： 3.576–9.424 months）, and the median overall survival（OS） was 11.0 months（95% CI： 6.955–15.045 months）. The median PFS and OS in wild-type group had no differences compared with those in mutation group（7.0 months vs. 7.0 months, P 0.05; 10.0 months vs. 14.0 months, P 0.05）. Between wild-type and mutation groups, the median PFS of patients applied with oxaliplatin containing regimen and the median OS in patients applied with/without oxaliplatin had no significant differences（P 0.05）, while the median PFS in patients received non-oxaliplatin regime had statistical differences（P = 0.024）. The median PFS and OS in patients receiving 3-drug or 2-drug regimes had no correlation with CYP3A4 gene polymorphisms. The adverse effects in the two groups were mild, mainly in grades 1–2. The common adverse effects were anorexia, nausea/vomiting and leucopenia. Conclusion： Deletion mutation was located in     

重组天花粉蛋白的真核表达及其对人宫颈癌 Caski细胞增殖的影响

目的:观察重组天花粉蛋白(recombinant trichosanthin,rTCS)高表达对人宫颈癌Caski细胞增殖的影响.方法:构建真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1(- )/6His-TCS,稳定转染Caski细胞后,RT-PCR,Western-blot筛选rTCS高表达细胞株.以转染空载质粒pcDNA3.1(一)细胞株作为对照组,MTT法检测2组细胞的增殖情况,流式细胞术检测细胞周期变化.结果:成功获得高表达rTCS的Caski细胞株,rTCS高表达能够显著抑制Caski细胞增殖(P＜0.01),并能将细胞抑制在G1和G2期(P＜0.05).结论:rTCS在细胞内高表达具有抗人宫颈癌细胞生长的作用,该研究为宫颈癌治疗提供了新的思路.     

肝脏CT灌注成像与肝硬化程度的关系

目的:利用多层螺旋CT进行肝脏血流灌注,初探不同程度的肝硬化血流灌注参数变化。方法:对10例不同程度的肝硬化患者以及8例对照者,选取肝门区良好显示脾脏、门脉主干、肝脏左右叶的层面,行CT同层动态增强扫描,绘制时间-密度曲线,计算肝脏灌注参数。结果:正常组肝动脉灌注量(HAP)为(0.341 1±0.138 7)ml.min-1.ml-1,门脉灌注量(PVP)为(1.105 2±0.369 7)ml.min-1.ml-1,总肝灌注量(THBF)为(1.450 3±0.445 6)ml.min-1.ml-1,肝动脉灌注指数(HAI)为(23.42±5.94)%。肝硬化严重程度不同时,Child-Pugh A、B、C 3组肝动脉灌注量均较正常组增高,但组间呈逐渐下降趋势,分别为(0.467 7±0.158 8,0.447 8±0.100 4,0.436 7±0.094 2)ml.min-1.ml-1;门脉灌注量和总肝灌注量均较正常组下降,组间呈下降趋势,分别为(0.921 4±0.179 3,0.845 6±0.158 6,0.745 3±0.119 1)ml.min-1.ml-1,(1.397 8±0.324 1,1.568±0.204 6,1.158 6±0.168 4)ml.min-1.ml-1;肝动脉灌注指数则较正常组逐级升高(30.21±4.66,34.88±4.79,37.08±4.13)%。结论:多层螺旋CT肝硬化肝脏血流灌注参数的变化与肝硬化的程度相关。     

124例胶囊内镜肠道准备方法探讨

目的观察不同肠道清洁方法在胶囊内镜检查前肠道准备中的效果。方法将124例行胶囊内镜检查的患者随机分为三组,A组(n=35)、B组(n=37)和C组(n=52)。分别采用三种逐渐改良方法:A组检查当日晨5时服用复方聚乙二醇电解质散(商品名:和爽)1袋,加水稀释共为2 000 ml,1小时内饮完,多走动;B组:检查当日晨5时口服50%硫酸镁溶液30 ml,30 min后再口服和爽1袋,加水稀释为2 000 ml,1小时内饮完,多走动;C组:在B法的基础上再加上检查前20分钟口服胃镜润滑消泡剂20 ml。采用三个等级评估法比较三组服药后的肠道清洁程度并观察其不良反应。结果三组肠道清洁度等级:A组差42.9%、良57.1%、优0,B组差18.9%、良32.5%、优48.6%,C组差2.4%、良21.4%、优76.2%;三组肠道清洁度等级优等比较:B组非常显著优于A组(p<0.01)、C组非常显著优于A组(p<0.01)、C组显著优于B组(p<0.05);三组不良反应无明显差异(p>0.05)。结论聚乙二醇电解质散联合硫酸镁及胃镜润滑消泡剂用于肠道清洁术,肠腔清洁效果好、副作用少。     

Driver impairment at night and its relation to physiological sleepiness

OBJECTIVES: Studies of devices detecting sleepiness need reference points of physiological sleepiness. The present study sought to validate the Karolinska drowsiness score (KDS) as an indicator of physiological sleepiness against driving impairment and eye blink duration during a 45-minute drive in an advanced moving-base driving simulator. METHODS: Data from 19 persons were used in the analysis. Electrooculography, electroencephalography, and electromyography were administered continuously. Physiological sleepiness was quantified by scoring the percentage (0-100%) of the scoring epoch with alpha and theta activity and slow eye movements (KDS). Lateral position and speed were used as measures of driving behavior. Lane departure was defined as two wheels touching the lane markers. Blink duration was used as a secondary indicator of sleepiness. RESULTS: The results showed that, for young drivers, sleepiness increased with time in the task with higher levels. The variability of the lateral position and the mean and variability of the blink duration significantly changed when sleepiness increased to KDS > or =20%. Furthermore, there was an increase in the risk of lane departure for KDS > or =30%. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that KDS scoring is a reasonable procedure for estimating physiological sleepiness under conditions of driving. The results also indicate that a younger age is associated with greater sensitivity to sleepiness at the wheel.