Selection of agents for prevention of cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity.

The objective of this study was to explore the optimal combination of agents used along with cisplatin for protection of hepatotoxicity. Animal experiment was carried out based on the orthogonal design L(8) (2(7)) setting seven factors with two different levels of each, and eight groups of mice were needed. The agents tested in this study were zinc, selenium, fosfomycin, sodium thiosulfate (STS), N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), methionine and taurine. Mice were supplemented by gavage with various combinations of agents as designed in the orthogonal table once a day for nine days beginning two days before cisplatin administration. 3.5mg/kg body weight of cisplatin was given intraperitoneally once a day for five days simultaneously. After cessation of cisplatin administration, the agents were supplemented continuously for two days. Activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in serum, levels of glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver were analyzed after cessation of supplementation. Results showed zinc, fosfomycin and methionine were the effective factors for protection of weight loss; fosfomycin and methionine were the effective factors for prevention of decreased liver ratio; selenium, fosfomycin and STS were the effective factors for prevention of increased ALT activities in serum. On the other hand, methionine was the only effective factor for prevention of decreased GSH levels in liver; zinc, selenium and fosfomycin were the effective factors for prevention of increased MDA levels in liver. Based on the data observed in this study, the optimum combinations of agents were selenium, fosfomycin, methionine and taurine, and zinc, selenium, STS and methionine. In conclusion, each agent used in this study could play a beneficial role for prevention of cisplatin hepatotoxicity, however, none could play the crucial role. The potentiated actions for prevention of cisplatin hepatotoxicity could be achieved via combined use of these agents.     

抗TGF—β2抗体对滤过泡瘢痕成纤维细胞Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白表达的影响

目的 观察抗转化生长因子-β2(TGF-β2)抗体对体外培养的滤过泡成纤维细胞Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白表达的影响.方法 利用手术修复人眼小梁切除术后失败滤过泡修复时切除下来的瘢痕组织进行组织块培养,获得成纤维细胞(FB).将0、0.01、0.1、1μg/mL抗TGF-β2抗体作用于FB 24h以及0.14μg/mL(半数抑制率质量浓度,IC50)抗体作用0、24、48、72h,通过生物化学显色法、RT-PCR法检测抗TGF-β2抗体对成纤维细胞Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白的表达量. 结果在FB中加入0、0.01、0.1、1μg/mL抗TGF-β2抗体作用24h及IC50质量浓度处理0、24、48、72h,结果显示随着抗TGF-β2抗体质量浓度增加及作用时间延长,Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原mRNA表达依次减少,羟脯氨酸(HPr)及胶原含量逐渐降低(P＜0.05).结论 抗TGF-β2抗体能减少Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白的表达及合成.     

改良直肌移位联合内直肌后徙术治疗麻痹性内斜视

目的 探讨一种改良Hummelsheim术式治疗完全性外展神经麻痹所致内斜视的临床疗效.方法 对Hummelsheim及Jensen术式进行综合并加以改良后,为13例各种原因导致的外展神经麻痹患者施行该术式并同时行相应内直肌后徙术治疗.观察术后原在位眼位、代偿头位及复视的改善情况.随访期9～36月,平均11.4个月.结果 13例中,术后原在位眼位<+10△,11例代偿头位消失,达84.6%,术后1次矫正满意率为84.6%.随访期内未发现眼位回退现象.结论 改良的Hummelsheim术式是一种有效的治疗麻痹性内斜视的手术方法.     

呼吸道合胞病毒对Hep-2细胞增殖的影响

目的研究呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)感染对细胞增殖活性的影响。方法培养RSV感染Hep-2细胞,观察细胞形态,在感染后不同时间点用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法检测Hep-2细胞增殖情况。结果RSV感染Hep-2细胞后48 h细胞开始出现病变,72~96 h病变最明显,120 h细胞全部死亡,不存在正常细胞。感染后24 h4、8 h、72 h9、6 h1、20 h Hep-2细胞的增殖指数分别为0.85,1.2,1.08,0.90,0.74。结论呼吸道合胞病毒感染早期促进宿主Hep-2细胞增殖,晚期抑制增殖。     

FQ-PCR方法检测女性CA患者HPV_(6、11)和HPV_(16、18)的实验研究

目的:探讨女性尖锐湿疣(CA)患者HPV6、11型和HPV16、18型的感染情况。方法:采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应(FQ-PCR)方法检测216例女性CA患者疣体组织或分泌物中的HPV6、11型和HPV16、18型。结果:HPV6、11型阳性率为94.91%(205/216),HPV16、18型阳性率为16.20%(35/216),HPV6、11型和HPV16、18型同时阳性的感染率为12.50%(27/216)。定量测定结果显示,HPV6、11型患者病毒载量最高1.0×108 copies/ml,最低2.8×103copies/ml;HPV16、18型患者病毒载量最高1.0×108 copies/ml,最低2.57×104 copies/ml。结论:FQ-PCR技术具有灵敏、简捷、安全、特异性强的特点,避免了单纯PCR扩增产生的假阳性。女性尖锐湿疣患者应用此方法检测HPV阳性率高,可以快速区分高危型及低危型的HPV感染,有助于对尖锐湿疣的复发和癌变作出可能性预测。     

以"乳头溢液"为主诉的22例乳腺癌诊断及病理分析

目的 研究以“乳头溢液”为主诉的乳腺癌的诊断方法及其病理特征。方法 回顾性分析了22例以“乳头溢液”为主诉的乳腺癌的诊断方法，包括乳腺B超、乳腺X线、溢液涂片细胞学、乳管镜、术中冰冻切片检查及其病理特点。结果 乳腺B超、乳腺X线、术中冰冻切片的检出率分别为11．8％、20．0％、35．7％。溢液涂片细胞学检查3例发现癌细胞，6例高度怀疑癌细胞；6例患者行乳管镜检查，未提示乳腺癌。病理检查为原位癌9例，浸润性癌13例。雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）、Her-2阳性率分别为80．0％、86．7％、33．3％。结论 联合B超、乳腺X线、溢液涂片细胞学检查等手段可使乳腺癌的检出率有一定提高，对于有高危因素的患者仍应行乳腺导管切除活检。     

Inhibiting NF-κB increases cholesterol efflux from THP-1 derivedfoam cells treated with Angll via up-regulating the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1

Objective:To study the role of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF- K B) in cholesterol efflux from THP-I derived-foam cells treated with Angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ ). Methods:Cultured THP-l derived-foam cells were treated with Ang Ⅱ or preincubated with tosyl-phenylalan inechloromethyl-ketone(TPCK) NF-K B inhibitor. The levels of activated NF-K B in the cells were examined by sandwich ELISA. Cellular cholesterol content was studied by electron microscopy scanning and zymochemistry via fluorospectrophotometer and cholesterol efflux was detected by scintillation counting technique. ABCAI mRNA and protein were quantified by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results:Addition of TPCK to the cells before Ang Ⅱ stimulation attenuated the response of NF- K B p65 nuclear translocation induced by Ang Ⅱ and showed no peak in foam cells group and caused a reduction in cholesterol content and an increase in cholesterol effiux by 24.1%(P < 0.05) and 41.1%(P < 0.05) respectively, when compared with Ang Ⅱ group. In accordance, the ABCAl mRNA and protein were increased by 30% and 19%(P< 0.05) respectively, when compared with Ang Ⅱ group. Conclusion:Ang Ⅱ can down- regulate ABCAI in THP-l derived-foam cells via NF- K B, which leads to less cholesterol effiux and the increase of cholesterol content with the consequence of the promotion of atherosclerosis.     

浙江省HIV/AIDS未治疗人群耐药基因特征研究

目的：横断面了解浙江省未治疗人群耐药基因变异情况,补充耐药监测本底数据。方法：选取2004-2006年期间在各市县接受流行病学调查的104例未治疗HIV/AIDS感染者,对病毒载量高于最低检测限的99个样本进行HIV蛋白酶（PR）全长和部分逆转录酶（RT）基因区进行RT-PCR扩增测序。使用Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database（ht-tp：//hivdb.stanford.edu）的在线耐药序列分析软件HIV DB进行序列分析,寻找耐药相关突变位点,并做出样本对各药物敏感性的结论。结果：扩增得到74份PI区序列,1份样本存在蛋白酶抑制剂（PIs）主要相关突变,耐药突变率为1.35%;得到83份RT区序列,4份样本存在逆转录酶抑制剂（RTIs）相关突变,耐药突变率为4.8%。总耐药突变率为6.02%（5/83）。结论：浙江省未治疗HIV感染者中耐药相关突变处于低流行状态。但具体感染者体内存在的PR和RT区主要耐药突变位点,会导致对抗病毒治疗药物不同程度的耐药,应该争取条件对治疗前病人进行基因型耐药检测。     

Moscatilin induces apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells: a crucial role of c-Jun NH2-terminal protein kinase activation caused by tubulin depolymerization and DNA damage

PURPOSE: To study the effect of moscatilin (purified from the stem of orchid Dendrobrium loddigesii) on the proliferation of human colorectal cancer HCT-116 cells in vitro and in vivo. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The growth inhibition of moscatilin was screened on several human cancer cell lines. The effect of moscatilin on tubulin was detected in vitro. Following moscatilin treatment on HCT-116 cells, c-Jun NH(2)-terminal protein kinase (JNK) and caspase activation was studied by Western blot analysis, and DNA damage was done by Comet assay. Specific JNK inhibitor SP600125 was cotreated to reverse moscatilin-induced apoptosis. Tumor growth inhibition of moscatilin was done on HCT-116 xenograft models. RESULTS: Moscatilin induced a time-dependent arrest of the cell cycle at G(2)-M, with an increase of cells at sub-G(1). Moscatilin inhibited tubulin polymerization, suggesting that it might bind to tubulins. Moscatilin also induced the phosphorylation of JNK1/2. SP600125 significantly inhibited the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and the subsequent moscatilin-induced apoptosis. The data suggest that JNK activation may contribute to moscatilin-mediated apoptosis signaling. A parallel experiment showed that SP600125 significantly inhibits Taxol- and vincristine-induced HCT-116 cell apoptosis. This suggests that the JNK activation may be a common mechanism for tubulin-binding agents. Moreover, moscatilin induces DNA damage, phosphorylation of H2AX and p53, and up-regulation of p21. Our HCT-116 xenograft models show the in vivo efficacy of moscatilin. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, our results suggest that moscatilin induces apoptosis of colorectal HCT-116 cells via tubulin depolymerization and DNA damage stress and that this leads to the activation of JNK and mitochondria-involved intrinsic apoptosis pathway.     

Gene expression profiles in primary pancreatic tumors and metastatic lesions of Ela-<Emphasis Type="Italic">c-myc</Emphasis> transgenic mice

Background  

Pancreatic carcinoma usually is a fatal disease with no cure, mainly due to its invasion and metastasis prior to diagnosis. We analyzed the gene expression profiles of paired primary pancreatic tumors and metastatic lesions from Ela-c-myc transgenic mice in order to identify genes that may be involved in the pancreatic cancer progression. Differentially expressed selected genes were verified by semi-quantitative and quantitative RT-PCR. To further evaluate the relevance of some of the selected differentially expressed genes, we investigated their expression pattern in human pancreatic cancer cell lines with high and low metastatic potentials.