共焦显微镜在角膜病变中应用的新进展

共焦显微镜(confocal microscopy, CM)检查作为一种“活体组织学检查”方法,以其实时、无创、快速、高清的特点,在角膜生理、病理研究及疾病诊断、病情评估、随访等方面显示出优越性,已在眼科临床及科研中得到广泛应用。本文将对CM在感染性角膜疾病、变性性角膜疾病及全身疾病所致角膜病变中应用的新进展作一综述。     

血清KLF5含量与阳性淋巴结比例的相关性及其对膀胱癌患者根治术后预后的预测价值

目的：探究血清Kruppel样因子5(recombinant Kruppel factor 5,KLF5)含量与阳性淋巴结比例的相关性及其对膀胱癌患者根治术后预后的预测价值。方法：选取新乡市中心医院和郑州大学第一附属医院泌尿外科2019年6月至2022年9月进行根治性膀胱切除术治疗的92例膀胱癌患者作为研究对象,根据疗效分为有效组和无效组。酶联免疫吸附法检测血清KLF5的表达水平、分析血清KLF5含量与阳性淋巴结比例的相关性和预后的预测价值分析。结果：治疗有效组患者血清KLF5的表达水平显著低于无效组（P<0.05）;有效组患者阳性淋巴结比例与无效组相比,具有显著差异（P<0.05）;采用Pearson分析血清KLF5与阳性淋巴结比例间关系,发现血清KLF5与阳性淋巴结比例呈正相关（r=0.607）;logistic多因素回归分析显示,血清KLF5(OR=2.751,95%CI=1.777～4.260,P=0.000)与阳性淋巴结比例（OR=2.751,95%CI=1.389～7.342,P=0.006）是影响膀胱癌根治术患者病情预后的独立危险因素;ROC结果显示,血清KL...     

不同公式计算角膜屈光术后白内障患者IOL屈光度的准确性比较

目的：对比观察5种人工晶状体(IOL)计算公式在角膜屈光术后白内障患者IOL屈光度计算中的准确性。

方法：前瞻性系列病例研究。收集2021-09/2023-03就诊于济南明水眼科医院的既往行角膜屈光手术矫正近视的白内障患者23例34眼,其中准分子角膜切削术(PRK)手术史1例1眼,准分子原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)术后22例33眼。白内障术前采用IOL Master 700测量眼生物学参数; Pentacam眼前节分析系统测量角膜真实净屈光力(TNP); 眼前节OCT测量净角膜屈光力(NCP)、角膜后表面屈光力、角膜厚度(CCT)。采用Shammas公式、Haigis-L公式、Potvin-Hill Pentacam公式、OCT公式、Barrett True K公式进行IOL度数计算后综合选择合适的IOL度数。术后1 mo在客观验光的基础上行主觉验光获得术后实际屈光状态,根据术后验光结果计算5种公式的屈光预测误差(RPE),其绝对值为屈光绝对误差(RAE),比较RPE与0的差异及不同公式间RPE、RAE的差异,并统计RAE≤0.5 D、≤1.0 D的眼数所占百分比。

结果：5种公式计算所得的RPE与0比较均无差异(均P>0.05)。5种计算公式的RPE、RAE整体无差异(F=0.554,P=0.696; H=4.402,P=0.354); Potvin-Hill Pentacam公式、Barrett True K公式的RAE在≤0.5 D内的眼占比分别为26眼(76%)、24眼(71%),在≤1.0 D内的眼占比均为33眼(97%)。

结论：Barrett True K 公式、Potvin-Hill Pentacam公式在角膜屈光术后白内障患者IOL屈光度计算中表现出较高的预测性。由于此类人群角膜屈光力存在差异,IOL度数计算问题仍需要进一步研究,临床上建议多种公式综合考虑。     

Ocular surface in patients with different degrees of myopia

AIM: To investigate the clinical features of the ocular surface in patients with different degrees of myopia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 122 participants with myopia in Beijing Tongren Hospital from February to June, 2023. After completing the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score scale, measurements were taken for refraction, biometric parameters and ocular surface parameters. The prevalence, severity and related parameters of the dry eye among different groups based on axial length (AL) were compared. Correlation analysis was performed between ocular surface parameters and refraction/biometric measurement parameters. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed in refractive error, corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, and subfoveal choroidal thickness among the groups (all P<0.05). With the increase in AL, the incidence and severity of dry eye increased significantly (P<0.05). Moreover, the tear film break-up time (BUT) shortened (P<0.05), and the corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) points increased significantly (P<0.05). OSDI scores were positively correlated with AL and spherical equivalent (SE; both P<0.05); BUT was negatively correlated with AL, SE, and corneal astigmatism (AST; all P<0.05); Schirmer I test (SIT) results were negatively correlated with AL and SE (both P<0.05). CONCLUSION: AL elongation is a risk factor for dry eye onset in myopic participants. The longer the AL, the more severe the dry eye is, with the increased CFS spots and tear film instability. Additionally, SE and AST exhibit negative correlations with dry eye symptom scores and ocular surface parameters.     

敲低Bmi-1对鼻咽癌细胞CNE2放射敏感性的影响

目的探讨敲低Bmi-1的表达水平对鼻咽癌细胞CNE2放射敏感性的影响。方法通过实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)和Western blotting检测4种鼻咽癌细胞株CNE1、CNE2、HNE1和HONE1中Bmi-1的表达,筛选出高表达Bmi-1的细胞株。设计3条针对Bmi-1 mRNA的干扰序列(shRNA1、shRNA2、shRNA3),用于构建慢病毒重组载体Bmi-1-shRNA1、Bmi-1-shRNA2、Bmi-1-shRNA3,然后转染至高表达Bmi-1的细胞株中,筛选出敲低Bmi-1效果最佳的慢病毒重组载体。将筛选出的慢病毒重组载体转染至高表达Bmi-1的鼻咽癌细胞株中,使用2 Gy放射线(IR)进行照射,通过平板克隆形成实验检测细胞增殖情况,流式细胞术检测细胞周期分布及凋亡情况。结果在4种鼻咽癌细胞株中,CNE2细胞的Bmi-1 mRNA表达水平最高(P<0.05),CNE1、CNE2细胞中Bmi-1蛋白表达相对较高(P<0.05)。构建的3条慢病毒重组载体Bmi-1-shRNA1、Bmi-1-shRNA2、Bmi-1-shRNA3均可降低CNE2细胞中...     

Evaluation of the Immunogenicity in Mice Orally Immunized with Recombinant Lactobacillus casei Expressing Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus S1 Protein

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), characterized by diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration, is an acute enteric infectious disease of pigs. The disease is caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), which infects the intestinal mucosal surface. Therefore, mucosal immunization through the oral route is an effective method of immunization. Lactic acid bacteria, which are acid resistant and bile-salt resistant and improve mucosal immunity, are ideal carriers for oral vaccines. The S1 glycoprotein of PEDV mediates binding of the virus with cell receptors and induces neutralizing antibodies against the virus. Therefore, we reversely screened the recombinant strain pPG-SD-S1/Δupp ATCC 393 expressing PEDV S1 glycoprotein by Lactobacillus casei deficient in upp genotype (Δupp ATCC 393). Mice were orally immunized three times with the recombinant bacteria that had been identified for expression, and the changes of anti-PEDV IgG and secreted immunoglobulin A levels were observed over 70 days. The results indicated that the antibody levels notably increased after oral administration of recombinant bacteria. The detection of extracellular cytokines on the 42nd day after immunization indicated high levels of humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. The above results demonstrate that pPG-SD-S1/Δupp ATCC 393 has great potential as an oral vaccine against PEDV.     

参芪扶心口服液对心力衰竭大鼠血浆利钾尿肽、左室舒缩性能及左室重塑的影响

目的:观察参芪扶心口服液对实验性心力衰竭(心衰)大鼠血浆利钾尿肽(KP)、左室舒缩功能及左室重塑的影响。方法:采用缩窄腹主动脉方法复制大鼠心衰模型。左心室插管术测定血液动力学指标;放免法测定血浆KP,心钠素(ANP),血管紧张素Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)及内皮素(ET)浓度,并观察心脏形态学结构及胶原成分、心脏湿重/体重、左心腔面积、单位面积内心肌细胞核数的变化。结果:与假手术组相比,模型组血浆KP,ANP,Ang Ⅱ及ET水平显著升高,心脏湿重/体重、左心腔面积增加、单位面积内心肌细胞核数减少(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,参芪扶心口服液高剂量组等容收缩末期心肌缩短最大速度(Vmax)、左心室舒张期压力下降最大变化速率(-dp/dtmax)及左心室内压峰值(LVSP)增加,左心室舒张末压(LVEDP)降低,血浆KP,Ang Ⅱ及ET浓度降低,均有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01);血浆ANP、左心室等容收缩期压力最大变化速率(+dp/dtmax)下降不明显(P>0.05);心肌细胞周围胶原组织明显减少,心脏湿重/体重比值变小、单位面积内心肌细胞核数明显增多、左心腔面积明显缩小(P<0.05或P<0.01)。参芪扶心口服液各剂量组及卡托普利组对+dp/dtmax的影响均不显著(P>0.05)。参芪扶心口服液中、低剂量组血浆ANP水平下降明显(P<0.01)。结论:参芪扶心口服液能改善心衰大鼠左室舒缩功能，降低KP，AngⅡ，ET浓度，影响ANP分泌，有一定抑制左室重塑的作用。     

基于中药有效成分族的方剂物质基础研究

本文以血管紧张素转化酶（Angiotensin Converting Enzyme，ACE）抑制剂、3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶（3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase，HMG—CoAR）抑制剂和血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngiotensinⅡ，AngⅡ）、血小板活化因子（Platelet Activating Factor，PAF）受体拮抗剂三维药效团为辨识模型，以三维数据库柔性搜索技术为辨识算法，发现了18首活血化瘀方剂及其所合20味中药可能具有的ACE、AngⅡ、PAF和HMG—CoAR受体活性的物质基础。结果表明，中药有效成分族的研究将为从分子层次上揭示方剂物质基础提供方法学支撑。     

大黄素-8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷的促智活性及其机制

目的:研究制首乌活性单体化合物大黄素-8-0-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(PMEG)的促知性以及作用机制,方法,小鼠跳台实验以有胆碱酯酶活力测定,结果:ig PMGE后,正常小鼠及东莨菪碱所致学习记忆障碍小鼠错识次数显著减少,离体实验和整体实验中PMEG对酶活力具有可逆性抑制作用,体内外酶活力恢复50%所需时间分别为T1/2=115min,T1/2=165min.结论:PEMG能提高正常小鼠学习记忆功能,对东莨菪碱所致学习记忆障碍具防护作用,初认为PMEG作用机制是对胆碱酯酶可逆性的抑制.     

基于QSPR 研究绿原酸类化合物与血清白蛋白的结合

本文选取32个小分子化学成分和9个天然产物化学成分为训练集,利用Dragon软件计算分子描述符,应用WEKA软件中CfsSubsetEval评价方法和BestFirst-D1-N5搜索方法进一步筛选描述符,利用Linear Regression方法建立了分子结构与其血清蛋白结合常数值logK的定量结构-性质相关性模型(相关系数为0.9557)。应用该模型对10个绿原酸类化合物的logK进行预测,结果显示绿原酸的logK预测值为4.51,与文献报道的logK值在4~7范围内基本相符。研究结果为进一步探讨绿原酸与血清蛋白的结合情况提供指导,为研究药物与血清蛋白的结合提供思路。