API0134对血管平滑肌细胞增殖和血小板源生长因子B链、碱性纤维母细胞生长因子及相关癌基因表达的影响

为探讨API0134防治冠状动脉粥样硬化和腔内成形术后再狭窄的作用机制，采用内皮素诱导建立培养的血管平滑肌细胞增殖模型，用氚标胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷掺入法、流式细胞术、免疫细胞化学检测及Northernblot方法，观察了API0134对血管平滑肌细胞增殖的作用及对血小板源生长因子B链、碱性纤维母细胞生长因子及其相关癌基因C－sis和C－mpc表达的影响。结果发现，API0134能逆转内皮素所致的氚标胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷掺入量增多（对照组为499±92，内皮素组为617±98，API0134组为506±102），阻止血管平滑肌细胞由静止期（G0／G1期；对照组为72％，内皮素组为50％，API0134组为60％）进入DNA合成期（S期；三组分别为26％、36％和30％）和有丝分裂期（G2／M期，三组分别为2％、14％和4％），并能逆转内皮素引起的血小板源生长因子B链、碱性纤维母细胞生长因子抗原、c－sis和c－mpc的mRNA表达增强。提示API0134有抑制血管平滑肌细胞增殖的作用，这种作用与生长因子及癌基因调控的分子生物学机制有关。     

心理咨询中当事人工作同盟的发展及与依恋的关系

目的:研究心理咨询中当事人工作同盟的发展模式,并探讨当事人依恋与工作同盟的关系.方法:从两所大学的心理咨询中心征集当事人71例,每次会谈后采用简版工作同盟量表-修订版(WAI-SR)测量工作同盟情况,并采用亲密关系体验问卷(ECR)测查当事人依恋.当事人的整个咨询过程分为前中后三期,第一次为前期,最后一次为后期,其余为咨询中期.采用多层线性回归,以每次会谈结束后的工作同盟追踪数据为第一层数据,以当事人的依恋为第二层数据,来探讨当事人工作同盟的发展模式.结果:多层线性模型分析结果表明,随会谈次数增加,WAI-SR得分上升(γ10=0.72,P＜0.01).ECR的依恋回避维度对工作同盟发展速率的影响接近有统计学意义(γ11=0.49,P=0.067).方差分析的结果表明,在咨询前期,不同依恋类型当事人WAI-SR得分由高到低依次为恐惧型(29.3±5.8)、先占型(29.0±7.3)、安全型(23.0±7.8)和回避型(22.8±9.2).安全型当事人中期和后期WAI-SR得分高于前期[(28.0±7.0),(30.0±6.1) vs.(23.0±7.8);P＜0.05];而先占型、恐惧型、回避型当事人WAI-SR得分在前、中、后期差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).结论:工作同盟随会谈次数的增加表现出线性增长模式,且当事人工作同盟的发展模式因其依恋的不同而有所差异,提示在咨询过程中应关注当事人依恋并有针对性地促进其工作同盟.     

Neuroprotective constituents from the aerial parts of Cannabis sativa L. subsp. sativa

Five new compounds including three new cannabinoids, cannabisativas A–C (1–3), two new phenolic acids, (7Z,9Z)-cannabiphenolic acid A (4) and (8S,9Z)-cannabiphenolic acid B (5), together with twelve known compounds (6–17), were isolated from the aerial parts of Cannabis sativa L. subsp. sativa. The structures of 1–5 were established on the basis of extensive 1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS analysis. The absolute configurations were determined by comparison between their experimental and calculated spectra of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) or the modified Mosher''s method. The neuroprotective effects of the compounds 1–17 were evaluated on PC 12 cells. Compounds 12, 13 and 15 showed potential protective effects against H₂O₂-induced damage.

5 new compounds including 3 new cannabinoids, cannabisativas A–C, 2 new phenolic acids, (7Z,9Z)-cannabiphenolic acid A and (8S,9Z)-cannabiphenolic acid B, together with 12 known compounds, were isolated from the aerial parts of Cannabis sativa L. subsp. sativa.     

Prevalence of Thrombocytopenia among Chinese Adult Antiretroviral-na?ve HIV-positive Patients

Background:

The prevalence of thrombocytopenia among Chinese antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve HIV-infected adults has not been well-described. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of thrombocytopenia among Chinese ART-naïve HIV-infected adults.

Methods:

We performed a cross-sectional study of Chinese adult ART-naïve HIV-infected patients from September 2005 through August 2014. Socio-demographic variables and laboratory results including platelets, CD4+ cell count, and viral load were obtained from medical records. Factors and outcomes associated with thrombocytopenia were assessed using logistic regression.

Results:

A total of 1730 adult ART-naïve HIV-infected patients was included. The mean age was 38 years. The prevalence of thrombocytopenia was 4.5%. There were significant differences in the prevalence of thrombocytopenia between patients <30 years of age (2.8%) and 30–39 years (4.0%) compared with patients greater than 50 years (7.0%) (P = 0.006 and P = 0.044, respectively). The prevalence of thrombocytopenia was also significantly different between patients with CD4+ counts of 200–349 cells/mm³ (3.3%) and >350 cells/mm³ (2.8%) compared with patients with CD4+ counts of 50–199 cells/mm³ (7.1%) (P = 0.002 and P = 0.005, respectively). The prevalence of thrombocytopenia was significantly different by hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV-Ab) seropositivity (10.2% for HCV-Ab positive vs. 3.9% for HCV-Ab negative, P = 0.001). We observed differences in prevalence of thrombocytopenia by mode of transmission of HIV infection: Blood transmission (10.7%) versus men who have sex with men (3.9%) (P = 0.002) and versus heterosexual transmission (3.9%) (P = 0.001). In binary logistic regression analyses, age ≥50 years, HCV-Ab positivity and having a CD4+ cell count of 50–199 cells/mm³ were significantly associated with thrombocytopenia with adjusted odds ratio of 2.482 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.167, 5.281, P = 0.018), 2.091 (95% CI: 1.078, 4.055, P = 0.029) and 2.259 (95% CI: 1.028, 4.962, P = 0.042), respectively.

Conclusions:

Thrombocytopenia is not common among adult ART-naïve HIV-infected patients in China. Older age (age over 50 years), HCV-Ab positivity and lower CD4+ cell count are associated with an increased risk of thrombocytopenia. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of thrombocytopenia in these patients are necessary.     

Acoustic Emission Behavior of Early Age Concrete Monitored by Embedded Sensors

Acoustic emission (AE) is capable of monitoring the cracking activities inside materials. In this study, embedded sensors were employed to monitor the AE behavior of early age concrete. Type 1–3 cement-based piezoelectric composites, which had lower mechanical quality factor and acoustic impedance, were fabricated and used to make sensors. Sensors made of the composites illustrated broadband frequency response. In a laboratory, the cracking of early age concrete was monitored to recognize different hydration stages. The sensors were also embedded in a mass concrete foundation to localize the temperature gradient cracks.     

2015-2019年河南省输入性疟疾病例诊断分析

目的　分析2015-2019年河南省输入性疟疾病例诊断情况,为开展消除疟疾后监测工作提供依据。方法　通过中国疾病预防控制中心传染病监测信息系统和寄生虫病防治信息管理系统,收集2015-2019年河南省疟疾病例信息,对其诊断方式、诊断机构、诊断时间进行统计分析。结果　2015-2019年河南省共报告输入性疟疾病例952例,所有病例均为实验室确诊病例。疟疾快速诊断试纸条（RDT）阳性检出率为98.61%（779/790）,高于镜检检出率（94.22%,897/952）,差异有统计学意义（[χ2] = 22.773,P＜0.05）。输入性疟疾病例在医疗机构诊断的比例由2015年的65.22%（120/184）升至2019年的81.50%（185/227）。238例在疾病预防控制（疾控）机构诊断的输入性疟疾病例中,71.01%（169/238）在县级疾控机构诊断;704例在医疗机构诊断的输入性疟疾病例中,仅8.38%（59/704）在县级医疗机构诊断。输入性疟疾病例从发病到确诊中位时间为3 d,其中从发病到初诊中位时间为1 d,各年从初诊到确诊时间差异有统计学意义（[χ2] = 24.956,P ＜ 0.05）,其四分位数间距由2016年的4 d缩短为2019年的2 d。输入性重症恶性疟病例从初诊到确诊中位时间（2 d）长于非重症病例（1 d）,差异有统计学意义（Z = 7.557,P ＜ 0.05）。结论　医疗机构在河南省输入性疟疾病例发现和监测中的作用越来越重要,但县级医疗机构诊断水平仍较低;应提高其诊断意识和能力,从而在消除疟疾后监测工作中发挥哨点医院作用。     

The folliculin-FNIP1 pathway deleted in human Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome is required for murine B-cell development

Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by cutaneous fibrofolliculomas, pulmonary cysts, and kidney malignancies. Affected individuals carry germ line mutations in folliculin (FLCN), a tumor suppressor gene that becomes biallelically inactivated in kidney tumors by second-hit mutations. Similar to other factors implicated in kidney cancer, FLCN has been shown to modulate activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). However, its precise in vivo function is largely unknown because germ line deletion of Flcn results in early embryonic lethality in animal models. Here, we describe mice deficient in the newly characterized folliculin-interacting protein 1 (Fnip1). In contrast to Flcn, Fnip1(-/-) mice develop normally, are not susceptible to kidney neoplasia, but display a striking pro-B cell block that is entirely independent of mTOR activity. We show that this developmental arrest results from rapid caspase-induced pre-B cell death, and that a Bcl2 transgene reconstitutes mature B-cell populations, respectively. We also demonstrate that conditional deletion of Flcn recapitulates the pro-B cell arrest of Fnip1(-/-) mice. Our studies thus demonstrate that the FLCN-FNIP complex deregulated in BHD syndrome is absolutely required for B-cell differentiation, and that it functions through both mTOR-dependent and independent pathways.     

远志对糖尿病周围神经病变大鼠尾部感觉神经传导速度和坐骨神经醛糖还原酶活性的影响

目的 观察远志对糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)大鼠尾部感觉神经传导速度(SNCV)和坐骨神经醛糖还原酶(AR)活性的作用.方法 36只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为3组(n=12):正常对照组、DPN模型组和远志治疗组,DPN模型组和远志治疗组大鼠均采用腹腔注射链脲佐菌素的方法建立DPN模型,以尾部SNCV＜ 30 m/s作为DPN成模标准;待DPN模型成功建立后,DPN模型组大鼠不再做任何处理,远志治疗组大鼠给予远志(2.7g生药/kg/d)灌胃6w.分别检测各组大鼠血糖、尾部SNCV和坐骨神经AR活性.结果 与正常对照组大鼠比较,DPN模型大鼠的血糖、坐骨神经AR活性明显升高,尾部SNCV明显降低(P＜0.01);与DPN模型组大鼠比较,远志治疗组大鼠的血糖、坐骨神经AR活性明显降低,尾部SNCV明显升高(P＜0.01).结论 远志可明显降低DPN大鼠坐骨神经AR活性、逆转DPN大鼠尾部SNCV减慢,对DPN时周围神经损伤具有明显的改善作用.     

Choice of approach for hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma located in the caudate lobe: Isolated or combined lobectomy?

AIM: To investigate the significance of the surgical approaches in the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) located in the caudate lobe with a multivariate regression analysis using a Cox proportional hazard model.METHODS: Thirty-six patients with HCC underwent caudate lobectomy at a single tertiary referral center between January 1995 and June 2010. In this series, left-sided, right-sided and bilateral approaches were used. The outcomes of patients who underwent isolated caudate lobectomy or caudate lobectomy combined with an additional partial hepatectomy were compared. The survival curves of the isolated and combined resection groups were generated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by a log-rank test.RESULTS: Sixteen (44.4%) of 36 patients underwent isolated total or partial caudate lobectomy whereas 20 (55.6%) received a total or partial caudate lobectomy combined with an additional partial hepatectomy. The median diameter of the tumor was 6.7 cm (range, 2.1-15.8 cm). Patients who underwent an isolated caudate lobectomy had significantly longer operative time (240 min vs 170 min), longer length of hospital stay (18 d vs 13 d) and more blood loss (780 mL vs 270 mL) than patients who underwent a combined caudate lobectomy (P < 0.05). There were no perioperative deaths in both groups of patients. The complication rate was higher in the patients who underwent an isolated caudate lobectomy than in those who underwent combined caudate lobectomy (31.3% vs 10.0%, P < 0.05). The 1-, 3- and 5-year disease-free survival rates for the isolated caudate lobectomy and the combined caudate lobectomy groups were 54.5%, 6.5% and 0% and 85.8%, 37.6% and 0%, respectively (P < 0.05). The corresponding overall survival rates were 73.8%, 18.5% and 0% and 93.1%, 43.6% and 6.7% (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: The caudate lobectomy combined with an additional partial hepatectomy is preferred because this approach is technically less demanding and offers an adequate surgical margin.