我国男性青年人体质量的分布

目的　探讨我国男性青年人体质量的几何分布。方法　采用CT 图像分析法对 5 0例 18～ 2 3岁我国男性青年进行了全身CT横断层扫描、影像分析和测算。结果　获得了样本各环节的质量数据 ,与国外有关数据比较 ,整体质量最大绝对误差为 2 .94kg ,平均绝对误差为 0 .88kg ;最大相对误差为 5 .0 0 % ,平均相对误差为 0 .34 %。结论　为建立我国男性青年人体惯性参数模型奠定了基础。     

登革病毒甲基纤维素微量蚀斑技术的建立

目的建立登革病毒甲基纤维素微量蚀斑技术。方法将4株登革病毒接种于C6/36细胞内,5-7d后染色,观察蚀斑情况并计数。将测得值与组织培养半数感染量测定结果比较。结果登革病毒甲基纤维素微量蚀斑技术重复性好,比组织培养半数感染量法敏感。结论甲基纤维素徽量蚀斑技术可靠易行,可用于登革病毒滴定。     

人微小病毒B19感染者血清生化改变的初步分析

目的研究感染人微小病毒 Ｂ１９（ＰＶＢ１９）的病毒性肝炎患者的血清生化改变情况。方法用巢式聚合酶链式反应法 检测病毒性肝炎患者和对照者的共 ４７３份血清中的 ＰＶＢ１９ ＤＮＡ,对 ＰＶＢ１９ ＤＮＡ阳性血清进行血清生化测定并对多 项生化指标进行多元统计分析。结果共检出 １７份 ＰＶＢ１９ ＤＮＡ阳性血清。 １７份血清中多项离子、肌酐、尿酸、葡萄糖、 乳酸脱氢酶等的水平正常,而尿素氮、胆红素、蛋白、肝脏酶的水平大多偏离正常值;经多元统计分析发现临床诊断为病 毒性肝炎的ＰＶＢ １９感染者与有其他症状的ＰＶＢ１９感染者在肝细胞受损程度及肝功能不全程度上有显著性差异。结 论感染ＰＶＢ１９不会引起离子水平、肾功能、糖代谢水平等的改变,但病毒性肝炎患者感染ＰＶＢ １９后血清生化改变与 其他患者不同,是否可用血清肝脏酶和胆红素水平的异常作为ＰＶＢ１９感染的辅助诊断还需进一步研究。     

磁共振胰胆管成像技术的临床应用

目的　探讨磁共振胰胆管成像（Ｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃ　ｒｅｓｏｎａｎｃｅ　ｃｈｏｌａｎｇｉｏｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｏｇｒａｐｈｙ,ＭＲＣＰ）技术的优势及临床意义。方 法３４例疑有胆道梗阻的患者,在常规ＭＲＩ扫描后,再以ＭＲＣＰ术行快速自旋回波重Ｔ２ＷＩ序列扫描,图像采用最大 强度投影法（ＭＩＰ）重建。结果２９例阳性患者清晰地显示了梗阻的部位、形态及肝内胆管扩张情况。结论　采用ＭＲＣＰ 技术,可以在不注入造影剂的情况下,取得类似内窥镜逆行胰胆管造影（ＥＲＣＰ）和经皮肝穿胆道造影的造影效果。它对 胆道梗阻有很高的敏感性和特异性。最大优势是无创伤性、无并发症。对年高、体弱及胆肠吻合术后ＥＲＣＰ插管困难者 尤为适宜,有望取代部分创伤性胆道造影技术。     

乙型肝炎病毒全基因在肝癌细胞中的转染与表达

目的 建立乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）复制状态模型。方法 体外连接HBV DNA获得6.4 kb的双拷贝DNA片段,然后将其插入pcDNA3载体的Eco RV位点,通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）和酶切筛选获得头尾串联双拷贝HBV全基因重组真核表达质粒,再通过脂质体介导法转染肝癌细胞。结果 通过G418筛选,对阳性克隆细胞进行十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）和Western免疫印迹分析,证明已将HBV全基因重组真核表达质粒转染至肝癌细胞并获得稳定表达。结论 通过脂质体介导法将HBV全基因转染至肝癌细胞,成功建立了HBV复制状态的细胞模型。     

Mechanism of miR-365 in regulating BDNF-TrkB signal axis of HFD/STZ induced diabetic nephropathy fibrosis and renal function

Purpose

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes that leads to decline of renal function. Although numerous studies have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in the progression of DN, whether miR-365 is involved remains elusive.

Methods

The successful construction of DN model was confirmed by ELSIA, hematoxylin–eosin (HE) and Masson staining assay. The expression of miR-365 was detected through RT-qPCR. The levels of BDNF, p-TrkB, α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), collagen IV (Col.IV), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were evaluated by western blot, IF or ELISA assays. Luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the interaction between miR-365 and BDNF.

Results

The DN mice model was induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Then miR-365 expression was found to upregulate in tissues of DN rat. Furthermore, elevated expression of miR-365 was found in high glucose (HG)-treated HK-2 cells. Silencing of miR-365 suppressed the accumulation of ECM components and secretion of inflammatory cytokines in HK-2 cells. In addition, it was demonstrated that miR-365 could target BDNF. The protein levels of BDNF and p-TrkB were negatively regulated by miR-365 in HK-2 cells. Moreover, inhibition of miR-365 suppressed the levels of SMA, Col.IV, TGF-β1, TNF-α, and IL-6, indicating the renal fibrosis was inhibited by miR-365 knockdown.

Conclusion

MiR-365 could regulate BDNF-TrkB signal axis in STZ induced DN fibrosis and renal function. The results of the current study might provide a promising biomarker for the treatment of DN in the future.

     

Efficacy of testosterone replacement therapy for treating metabolic disturbances in late-onset hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta-analysis

International Urology and Nephrology - Late onset hypogonadism (LOH) is an age-dependent reduction of testosterone associated with alterations of metabolic profile, including glucose control,...     

Panax Notoginseng Saponins suppresses TRPM7 via the PI3K/AKT pathway to inhibit hypertrophic scar formation in vitro

BackgroundHypertrophic scar (HS) formation, a type of dermal fibroproliferative condition, is a frequent complication in wound healing resulting from burns, severe trauma, and surgical procedures. The effects of Panax Notoginseng Saponins (PNS) on the HS formation remain relatively under-explored. Hence, this study was intended to interrogate anti-apoptosis and anti-fibrosis effects of PNS on the hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) during HS formation and assess the involvement of TRPM7 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.MethodsUsing MTT and CCK-8 assays, we evaluated cell cytotoxicity and cell viability. Collagen I/III (col 1/3) and α-SMA expression levels were assessed through immunofluorescence and western blot, and cell migration, cell apoptosis and cell cycle were examined with applications of wound healing, TUNEL staining and flow cytometry. TRPM7, PI3K/AKT, TGF-β1 and related-proteins were quantified using RT-qPCR and western blot.ResultsPNS administration could suppress TRPM7 expression and the viability of HSFs in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, PNS could restrain the HS formation and ECM deposition by decreasing col 1/3 and α-SMA synthesis, suppressing cell migration, and boosting apoptosis and G1 arrest. Notably, this study revealed that PNS inhibited PI3K/AKT activation in HSFs. Besides, knockdown of TRPM7 enhanced therapeutic effects of PNS on HSFs, but overexpression markedly reversed above mentioned effects of PNS on HSFs.ConclusionThis study suggested that PNS hampered scar formation might via inhibiting ECM and stimulating cell apoptosis by modulating the PI3K/AKT signaling. Overall, these findings in the present study could support the use of PNS for preventing HS formation, and TRPM7 may be a novel molecular target for treating HS.     

多西他赛+卡铂联合曲妥珠单抗方案对早期人表皮生长因子受体2阳性乳腺癌的新辅助治疗效果

目的探讨多西他赛+卡铂联合曲妥珠单抗(TCH)方案对早期人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)阳性乳腺癌的新辅助治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2018年12月北京大学第一医院乳腺疾病中心经治的522例早期HER2阳性乳腺癌患者的临床资料,占同期收治早期浸润性乳腺癌患者的21.80%(522/2 394)。其中113例接受TCH方案进行新辅助治疗,年龄[M(QR)]52(13)岁(范围:23~69岁)。记录TCH方案新辅助治疗后病理完全缓解(pCR,ypT0N0M0期)的例数,采用Miller-Payne标准进行病理学评价。采用Kaplan-Meier法计算无病生存率和总体生存率,采用Log-rank检验比较组间生存差异。结果接受曲妥珠单抗规范治疗患者(294例)的无病生存率优于未规范治疗患者(177例)(84.4%比72.4%,χ²=4.095,P=0.046)。发生3~4级不良反应的患者占全部患者的15.9%(18/113),包括3~4级中性粒细胞减少12例,腹泻6例。31例患者获得pCR(ypT0N0M0),pCR率为27.4%(31/113)。pCR患者与非pCR患者的无病生存率和总体生存率无差异(91.8%比85.0%,92.5%比90.5%,P值均>0.05)。病理学评价为G4~5的患者无病生存率优于G1~3患者(89.6%比81.5%,χ²=5.340,P=0.021),而总体生存率的差异无统计学意义(91.4%比89.1%,χ²=1.008,P=0.315)。结论早期HER2阳性乳腺癌采用TCH方案行新辅助治疗的效果较好,新辅助治疗后病理学评价为G4~5的患者的无病生存率更高。     

Bone Radiomics Score Derived From DXA Hip Images Enhances Hip Fracture Prediction in Older Women

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-based bone mineral density testing is standard to diagnose osteoporosis to detect individuals at high risk of fracture. A radiomics approach to extract quantifiable texture features from DXA hip images may improve hip fracture prediction without additional costs. Here, we investigated whether bone radiomics scores from DXA hip images could improve hip fracture prediction in a community-based cohort of older women. The derivation set (143 women who sustained hip fracture [mean age 73 years, time to fracture median 2.1 years] versus 290 age-matched women [mean age 73 years] who did not sustain hip fracture during follow-up [median 5.5 years]) were split into the train set (75%) and the test set (25% hold-out set). Among various models using 14 selected features out of 300 texture features mined from DXA hip images in the train set, random forest model was selected as the best model to build a bone radiomics score (range 0 to 100) based on the performance in the test set. In a community-based cohort (2029 women, mean age 71 years) as the clinical validation set, the bone radiomics score was calculated using a model fitted in the train set. A total of 34 participants (1.7%) sustained hip fracture during median follow-up of 5.4 years (mean bone radiomics score 40 ± 16 versus 28 ± 12 in non-fractured, p < 0.001). A one-point bone radiomics score increment was associated with a 4% elevated risk of incident hip fracture (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.04, p = 0.001) after adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), previous history of fracture, and femoral neck T-score, with improved model fit when added to covariates (likelihood ratio chi-square 10.74, p = 0.001). The association between bone radiomics score with incident hip fracture remained robust (aHR = 1.06, p < 0.001) after adjustment for FRAX hip fracture probability. Bone radiomics scores estimated from texture features of DXA hip images have the potential to improve hip fracture prediction. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).