Clinical Application and Histological Examination of the FAMI Screw for Skeletal Anchorage—a Pilot Study*

Maximum anchorage often presents a problem that is difficult to solve during orthodontic tooth movement. Stationary, skeletal anchorage can be achieved in a simple, minimally-invasive manner, and unwanted tooth movements in opposite directions can be prevented by using transmucosally-inserted bone screws.Our initial experience using the FAMI screw as an orthodontic micro-implant proved to be clinically and histologically successful.     

Sensitivity and specificity of a new commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay kit for detecting Entamoeba histolyticaIgG antibodies in serum samples

The study presented here was conducted to evaluate the performance of the newly available RIDASCREEN Set (R-Biopharm AG, Darmstadt, Germany) for the detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies against Entamoeba histolytica. The sensitivity and specificity of this new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were evaluated using a panel of sera from 239 individuals. The assay was positive for 43 of 44 patients with invasive amebiasis, including all 18 patients with amebic liver abscess, while it was negative for 190 of 195 adult controls who were either healthy individuals or patients with other parasitic diseases. The kit was found to be highly specific (97.4%) and sensitive (97.7%) for detecting antibodies against E. histolytica in humans. Although antibody titers in patients with amebic liver abscess tend to be higher on average than in patients with invasive amebiasis, it is not possible to distinguish the two forms solely based on the results of this commercial test.     

Luftverschmutzung und Lungenkrebs

This review on air pollution and lung cancer recapitulates the main issues in this field (urban-rural-gradients; experimental data and occupational epidemiology of exposure to PAH; smoking and occupation as confounders). Definite risk increases have been observed in the vicinity of point emission sources. Within Switzerland lung cancer shows an urban/rural gradient in both sexes. The geographical distribution of the male cases can hardly be explained only by the patterns of smoking alone.     

Magenkarzinom – eine Infektionskrankheit

Gastric cancer still represents the second most common cause of gastrointestinal cancers in Germany. A disturbing issue is that at the time of diagnosis there are less than 15% of patients for whom a cure can be achieved. Nowadays, biological, histomorphological, molecular genetic and epidemiological data suggest that Helicobacter pylori eradication may lead to the prevention of gastric pre-neoplastic lesions and even gastric cancer. At present, eradication can be offered to selected patients and populations at increased risk, but more research is required before embarking on general and global H. pylori eradication for gastric cancer prevention. The main challenge is to determine how long mucosal abnormalities remain reversible and gastric cancer development can be halted.     

Coccygectomy has a favorable effect on the intensity, manifestation, and characteristics of pain caused by coccygodynia: a retrospective evaluation of 34 patients followed for 3–18 years

Background  Coccygodynia can cause severe pain and disability in patients. There are contradictions in the literature regarding the final results of coccygectomy for coccygodynia. We evaluated the long-term effects of coccygectomy on the intensity, characteristics, and manifestation of pain caused by coccygodynia to determine the adequacy of operation among treatment modalities. Materials and methods  Thirty-four patients with coccygodynia were treated by coccygectomy. In 22 cases, trauma, and in one case childbirth was the cause. 11 cases were regarded as idiopathic. The intensity, characteristics of pain, and the most painful activities were evaluated at an average of 7.6 (3–18) years of follow-up time. Results  Before the operation, all 34 patients had pain while sitting, moreover, 26 of them had pain during standing, walking, at night or a combination of these. 21 patients had intolerable or very intensive, mainly acute, sharp or burning pain. 11 patients had dyschesia, 2 had dysuria and 6 had dyspareunia. At follow-up, 7 patients were completely free of pain, 15 others had moderate, 11 medium, and only one patient had severe, but none had intolerable pain. Only seven patients had acute, sharp or burning pain postoperatively. The decrease of average pain score from 8.0 to 3.2 was significant (P < 10⁻¹²). The number of the patients with dyschesia and dyspareunia decreased from 11 to 7 and from 6 to 3, respectively. Two patients had dysuria, but their complaints did not change after the operation. One of the two patients who needed reoperation had an excellent final result, while the other remained unchanged. 12 and 16 patients (together 82%) regarded the final result of the operation excellent and good, respectively. The condition of five others did not change, while one became worse. The patients with younger age, smaller body mass index, and less co-morbidities had better final result. There were no serious complications. Conclusion  Coccygectomy for coccygodynia is a safe method to decrease the intensity of pain and other complaints of the patients. The operation can be the choice of treatment if conservative measures fail.     

Iniencephaly and long-term survival: a rare case report

Introduction Iniencephaly, a neural tube defect involving occiput and inion and combined with rachischisis of the cervical, thoracic spine, and retroflexion position of the head is a very rare congenital abnormality of the fetus–newborn with a 0.1–10 of 10,000 prevalence. This abnormality’s prognosis is thought to be dismal. This abnormality can be associated with other abnormalities such as anencephaly, encephalocele, hydrocephalus, cyclopia, absence of the mandible, cleft lip and palate, cardiovascular disorders, diaphragmatic hernia, renal abnormalities, overgrowth of the arms compared to the legs, and club food and gastrointestinal atresia. Discussion Most of the patients are dead born, and the others die in a few hours. There are only six previously documented long-term survivors. In our case, our patient with iniencephalic signs and findings is still living. She is 2 years old now. We think that this patient presents a mild form of iniencephaly.     

Larynxtubus beim Traumapatienten

A multiply injured patient’s airway is primarily secured with a laryngeal tube by the responding EMS. For helicopter transfer the flight physician decides not to intubate the patient’s trachea. Mechanical ventilation was performed without complications.