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11.
Hrabálek A Dolezal P Vávrová K Zbytovská J Holas T Klimentová J Novotný J 《Pharmaceutical research》2006,23(5):912-919
Purpose Dodecyl-6-aminohexanoate (DDEAC) is a transdermal permeation enhancer with excellent activity, low toxicity, and no dermal
irritation. We hypothesized that DDEAC reacts with air CO2 to form a two-chain ammonium carbamate—Transkarbam 12 (T12)—which is responsible for the enhancing effect.
Methods DDEAC and T12 were synthesized, their structures were confirmed by spectral methods, and their enhancing activity was studied
using the Franz diffusion cell and human skin. A high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for determination
of T12, and its biodegradability was evaluated using porcine esterase.
Results Only the carbamate salt T12 was responsible for the high enhancing activity; DDEAC tested under argon to avoid reaction with
CO2 was inactive. T12 enhanced transdermal permeation of drugs covering a wide range of physicochemical properties, including
theophylline (enhancement ratio up to 55.6), clotrimazole (7.7), flobufen (5.0), and griseofulvin (24). The activity was pH-dependent,
further confirming the importance of the carbamate structure. The metabolization of T12 followed a second-order kinetics with
t1/2 = 31 min.
Conclusion Our results indicate that T12 is a promising biodegradable permeation enhancer for a wide range of drugs, and the structurally
novel group of carbamate enhancers warrants further investigation. 相似文献
12.
Kristyna Krasulova Michal Siller Ondrej Holas Zdenek Dvorak 《Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems》2016,46(4):315-324
1.?The aim of this work was to examine the differences in the inhibitory potency of individual enantiomers and racemic mixtures of selected chiral drugs on human liver microsomal cytochromes P450.2.?The interaction of enantiomeric forms of six drugs (tamsulosin, tolterodine, citalopram, modafinil, zopiclone, ketoconazole) with nine cytochromes P450 (CYP3A4, CYP2E1, CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP2C8, CYP2B6, CYP2A6, CYP1A2) was examined. HPLC methods were used to estimate the extent of the inhibition of specific activity in vitro.3.?Tamsulosin (TAM) and tolterodine (TOL) inhibited CYP3A4 activity with an enantiospecific pattern. The inhibition of CYP3A4 activity differed for R-TAM (Ki 2.88?±?0.12?µM) and S-TAM (Ki 14.22?±?0.53?µM) as well as for S-TOL (Ki 1.71?±?0.03?µM) and R-TOL (Ki 4.78?±?0.17?µM). Also, the inhibition of CYP2C19 by ketoconazole (KET) cis-enantiomers exhibited enantioselective behavior: the (+)-KET (IC50 23.64?±?6.25?µM) was more potent than (?)-KET (IC50 66.12?±?12.6?µM). The inhibition of CYP2C19 by modafinil (MOD) enantiomers (R-MOD IC50?=?51.79?±?8.58?µM, S-MOD IC50?=?48.62?±?9.74?µM) and the inhibition of CYP2D6 by citalopram (CIT) enantiomers (R-CIT IC50?=?68.17?±?5.70?µM, S-CIT IC50?=?62.63?±?7.89?µM) was not enantiospecific.4.?Although enantiospecific interactions were found (TAM, TOL, KET), they are probably not clinically relevant as the plasma levels are generally lower than the drug concentration needed for prominent inhibition (at least 50% of CYP activity). 相似文献
13.
Katerina Vávrová Alexandr Hrabálek Pavel Dolezal Tomás Holas Jana Klimentová 《Journal of controlled release》2005,104(1):41-49
The purpose of this work was to develop a novel approach to transdermal permeation enhancer design, based on utilizing some favorable properties of their metabolites. As an example of this concept, a series of carbamic acid salts of tranexamic acid (TXA) esters was synthesized, because TXA was previously shown to improve skin barrier homeostasis. Enhancement activities of 1% TXA derivatives dispersed in both hydrophilic and lipophilic vehicles were evaluated in vitro using human skin and theophylline as a model drug. Dispersed in an aqueous donor vehicle, the dodecyl ester showed the enhancement ratio (ER) of 4.3+/-0.9, which is almost 2 times higher than that of 1-dodecylazepan-2-one (Azone; 2.2+/-0.7). From an isopropyl-myristate suspension, the decyl ester was the most effective enhancer (4.9+/-1.4), while Azone was inactive. Decomposition of the carbamate in a slightly acidic environment was shown by FTIR; hydrolysis of the pertinent ester by porcine esterase was monitored by TLC and HPLC. Biodegradable enhancers of this type could mediate easier and faster recovery of the skin barrier after transdermal delivery through the action of the released TXA. 相似文献
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16.
Videofluoroscopic evidence of aspiration predicts pneumonia and death but not dehydration following stroke 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
In order to assess the risk of pneumonia, dehydration, and death associated with videofluoroscopic evidence of aspiration following stroke, the clinical records of 26 patients with aspiration and 33 randomly selected, case-matched, dysphagic controls without videofluoroscopic evidence of aspiration were reviewed. The videofluoroscopic modified barium swallow technique included 5 ml-thin and thick liquid barium, 5 ml barium pudding, and 1/4 cookie coated with barium, plus additional 20 and 30 ml of thin liquid barium. Patients were assessed a mean of 2±1 SD months poststroke and were followed for a mean of 16±8 SD months poststroke. The odds ratio for developing pneumonia was 7.6 times greater for those who aspirated any amount of barium irrespective of its consistency (p=0.05). The odds ratio for developing pneumonia was 5.6 times greater for those who aspirated thickened liquids or more solid consistencies compared with those who did not aspirate, or who aspirated thin liquids only (p=0.06). Dehydration was unrelated to the presence or absence of aspiration. The odds ratio for death was 9.2 times greater for those aspirating thickened liquids or more solid consistencies compared with those who did not aspirate or who aspirated thin liquids only (p=0.01). Aspiration documented by modified videofluoroscopic barium swallow technique is associated with a significant increase in risk of pneumonia and death but not dehydration following stroke. 相似文献
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18.
Katerina Vávrová Jarmila Zbytovská Karel Palát Tomás Holas Jana Klimentová Alexandr Hrabálek Pavel Dolezal 《European journal of pharmaceutical sciences》2004,21(5):581-587
Stratum corneum ceramides are fundamental for maintaining the skin barrier properties. Their content is decreased in some skin diseases, e.g. atopic dermatitis, and ceramide supplementation is one of the therapeutic approaches. In the present study we have designed novel ceramide analogue 14S24 ((S)-2-tetracosanoylamino-3-hydroxypropionic acid tetradecyl ester) as a potential barrier-repairing agent. We report a convenient two-step synthesis of this analogue with high yields. The ability of 14S24 to repair the disturbed skin barrier was evaluated in vitro on the porcine skin. After 2 h application of 14S24 on the skin disrupted by lipid extraction, the permeability decreased significantly almost to the values of the native skin. The compound is effective in 0.1% aqueous suspension and its effect is comparable with physiological skin lipids under the same condition. The comparison of 14S24 and skin ceramides was made via computer modelling and the in silico physico-chemical parameters are reported. We suggest that allylic hydroxyl, that is essential for the apoptogenic activity of ceramides, is not a necessary component of the skin barrier-forming ceramides. The main result of this study is to demonstrate that simpler and easier-to-synthesise ceramide analogues could be effective in the skin barrier repair. 相似文献
19.
B Zdichynec P Stránsky J Hartmann V Holas J Konrád Z Svatos J Sábl 《Aktuelle Gerontologie》1979,9(5):217-222
An epidemicological study of 70 to 105-year-old people revealed a frequency of cerebrovascular insults from 1,8% of living and of 23,9 respectively 34,4% of deceased men or women. As typical changes of the electrocardiogram in recent insults are to be found prolongations of the QT-interval, large and often terminal negative T-waves as well as large and high, but over the left precordium often negative U-waves. 相似文献
20.
Milan Stengl Lenka Ledvinova Jiri Chvojka Jan Benes Dagmar Jarkovska Jaromir Holas Patrik Soukup Jitka Sviglerová Martin Matejovic 《Critical care (London, England)》2013,17(6):R303