Cerebral arteriovenous malformations in children

Differences in clinical features of arteriovenous malformations (AVM) in six children with ruptured AVM (RAM) and three with unruptured AVM (URAM) are herein reported. The age at onset ranged from the neonatal period to 8 yrs in cases of URAM and 10 to 12 yrs in those with RAM. The children with RAM had a sudden onset of intracranial hemorrhage, except for one with prodromal symptoms such as vertigo or headache. The clinical features of URAM were chronic mild symptoms such as a certain degree of delayed development, focal neurologic signs or increased intracranial pressure in addition to macrocephalus and cranial bruit. CT scan revealed an evenly enhanced AVM and dilatation of ventricles in cases of URAM. The RAMs were angiographically relatively small while the URAMs were large.     

Purification and properties of transketolase from pig liver. I. An attempt to resolve the enzyme into apoenzyme and cofactors.

Transketolase, sedoheptulose-7-phosphate: D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glycolaldehyde-transferase [EC 2.2.1.1], was extracted from pig liver and purified 96-fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation, followed by column chromatography using DEAE-cellulose and a Sephadex G-200. Transketolase from pig liver was stable at pH 6.0 and above, whereas it was unstable at lower pH values. It could be resolved into apoenzyme and thiamine pyrophosphate in an acidic medium, in contrast to baker's or brewer's yeast transketolase which resolved in an alkaline solution. All the activity of pig liver transketolase was lost upon incubation at pH 5.0 for two hours even at 0 degrees C but about 40% of the original activity could be restored by the addition of excess thiamine pyrophosphate and CaCl2. Restoration of the activity was achieved effectively at pH 7.6-8.0.     

Relationship between hepatic hemodynamics and biliary pressure in dogs: Its significance in clinical shock following biliary decompression

The changes in the hepatic hemodynamics were promptly reflected in the biliary pressure in dogs. Both wedged hepatic venous pressure and portal venous pressure increased in response to the elevated biliary pressure, and conversely decreased following rapid biliary decompression, suggesting that the changes in the biliary pressure might affect the hepatic hemodynamics post-sinusoidally. It was supposed that too rapid biliary decompression might trigger the following consequences; 1) decrease in sinusoidal pressure, 2) increase in sinusoidal inflow, and 3) extravasation of intravascular fluid in the perivascular space. When these were not sufficiently compensated, they could trigger shock in the jaundiced patients.     

Surface properties of non-tumorigenic variants of mouse mammary carcinoma cells in culture

The surface properties of two cell lines, Cl 1-82 and Cl M-6, from a cultured mouse mammary tumor cell line, FM3A/B, were studied with phytohemagglutinins and the immune adherence test. The transplantabilities of these cells had greatly decreased either spontaneously or after treatment with 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide. The agglutinability of these non-malignant (low- or non-tumorigenic) cells with agglutinins from various plants was markedly higher than that of the original malignant (tumorigenic) cells. The agglutination was inhibited specifically by certain kinds of sugars. The localization of the receptors of the agglutinin on the cell surface was observed with fluorescent agglutinin. Surface antigens were detected by the immune adherence test with anti-Cl 1-82 cells, and their content was found to be higher on non-malignant than on malignant cells. The increased content was shown to be responsible for induction of strong immunity against malignant cells.