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71.
Heron SE Crossland KM Andermann E Phillips HA Hall AJ Bleasel A Shevell M Mercho S Seni MH Guiot MC Mulley JC Berkovic SF Scheffer IE 《Lancet》2002,360(9336):851-852
Ion-channel gene defects are associated with a range of paroxysmal disorders, including several monogenic epilepsy syndromes. Two autosomal dominant disorders present in the first year of life: benign familial neonatal seizures, which is associated with potassium-channel gene defects; and benign familial infantile seizures, for which no genes have been identified. Here, we describe a clinically intermediate variant, benign familial neonatal-infantile seizures, with mutations in the sodium-channel subunit gene SCN2A. This clinico-molecular correlation defines a new benign familial epilepsy syndrome beginning in early infancy, an age at which seizure disorders frequently have a sombre prognosis. 相似文献
72.
Alber DG Vallance P Powell KL 《Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology》2002,22(5):793-798
Viral and bacterial infectious agents have been implicated in the etiology of atherosclerosis. We have previously shown that a gamma-herpesvirus can accelerate atherosclerosis in the apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/-) mouse. To address whether a virally induced systemic immune response is sufficient to trigger enhanced atheroma formation, we infected apoE-/- mice with murine gamma-herpesvirus-68 (MHV-68) or herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). In this study, we show that both viruses were able to induce a cell-mediated and humoral immune response in the apoE-/- mouse, which was sustained over a period of 24 weeks. Although intranasal or intraperitoneal infection with MHV-68 induced similar levels of virus-specific IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies in the serum of apoE-/- mice, those infected with HSV-1 showed higher anti-HSV-1 IgG2a compared with IgG1 antibody levels. In addition, viral message was not detected in the aortas of HSV-1-infected animals, whereas we have shown previously that MHV-68 mRNA can be detected in the aortas of infected mice as early as 5 days after infection. Compared with control mice, apoE-/- mice infected with MHV-68 showed accelerated atherosclerosis, whereas mice infected with HSV-1 did not. These data indicate that a systemic immune response to any particular infectious agent is insufficient to induce enhanced atherosclerosis in the apoE-/- mouse and point to specific infections or immune mechanisms that might be essential for virally enhanced atherogenesis. 相似文献
73.
74.
Lauren Desrosiers Sarah Scollon Rebecca Littlejohn Kimberly Nugent Rebecca Althaus Jessica Corredor Emily Berenson Rachel Wyatt Timothy Griffin Kelly Vallance Jonathan Gill Gail Tomlinson Juan Carlos Bernini Angshumoy Roy George Miles Jacquelyn Reuther Shashikant Kulkarni Christine Eng Sharon Plon 《Molecular genetics and metabolism》2021
75.
76.
Koser ML McGettigan JP Tan GS Smith ME Koprowski H Dietzschold B Schnell MJ 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2004,101(25):9405-9410
Rabies virus (RV) nucleoprotein (N) tightly encapsidates the genomic and antigenomic RNA of RV to form the viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex. Antigens, such as N, presented in a highly organized structure are sufficient and even desirable to activate B cells to proliferate and produce antibodies. In addition to activating B cells to proliferate, it has been shown that RV N in the RNP complex induces potent T helper cell responses resulting in long-lasting and strong humoral immune responses against RV. The possibility to systematically incorporate foreign genes into the genome of RV and produce a recombinant virus allows us to examine whether the immunogenicity of foreign antigens can be enhanced by incorporation into the RV RNP structure. To test this hypothesis we constructed a recombinant RV expressing a RV N-GFP fusion protein. The chimeric N-GFP fusion protein was efficiently expressed and incorporated into RV RNP and virions. Moreover, the recombinant RNP induces a strong humoral immune response against GFP in mice. In contrast, mice inoculated with GFP alone or a combination of wild-type RV RNPs and GFP did not trigger any GFP-specific humoral responses using the same immunization schedule. These data indicate the usefulness of RV-based vectors as killed vaccines against other infectious diseases. 相似文献
77.
Identification of viral genomic elements responsible for rabies virus neuroinvasiveness 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10 下载免费PDF全文
Faber M Pulmanausahakul R Nagao K Prosniak M Rice AB Koprowski H Schnell MJ Dietzschold B 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2004,101(46):16328-16332
Attenuated tissue culture-adapted and natural street rabies virus (RV) strains differ greatly in their neuroinvasiveness. To identify the elements responsible for the ability of an RV to enter the CNS from a peripheral site and to cause lethal neurological disease, we constructed a full-length cDNA clone of silver-haired bat-associated RV (SHBRV) strain 18 and exchanged the genes encoding RV proteins and genomic sequences of this highly neuroinvasive RV strain with those of a highly attenuated nonneuroinvasive RV vaccine strain (SN0). Analysis of the recombinant RV (SB0), which was recovered from SHBRV-18 cDNA, indicated that this RV is phenotypically indistinguishable from WT SHBRV-18. Characterization of the chimeric viruses revealed that in addition to the RV glycoprotein, which plays a predominant role in the ability of an RV to invade the CNS from a peripheral site, viral elements such as the trailer sequence, the RV polymerase, and the pseudogene contribute to RV neuroinvasiveness. Analyses also revealed that neuroinvasiveness of an RV correlates inversely with the time necessary for internalization of RV virions and with the capacity of the virus to grow in neuroblastoma cells. 相似文献
78.
Genetic deletion of ghrelin does not decrease food intake but influences metabolic fuel preference 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18 下载免费PDF全文
Wortley KE Anderson KD Garcia K Murray JD Malinova L Liu R Moncrieffe M Thabet K Cox HJ Yancopoulos GD Wiegand SJ Sleeman MW 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2004,101(21):8227-8232
Ghrelin is a recently identified growth hormone (GH) secretogogue whose administration not only induces GH release but also stimulates food intake, increases adiposity, and reduces fat utilization in mice. The effect on food intake appears to be independent of GH release and instead due to direct activation of orexigenic neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. The effects of ghrelin administration on food intake have led to the suggestion that inhibitors of endogenous ghrelin could be useful in curbing appetite and combating obesity. To further study the role of endogenous ghrelin in appetite and body weight regulation, we generated ghrelin-deficient (ghrl(-/-)) mice, in which the ghrelin gene was precisely replaced with a lacZ reporter gene. ghrl(-/-) mice were viable and exhibited normal growth rates as well as normal spontaneous food intake patterns, normal basal levels of hypothalamic orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides, and no impairment of reflexive hyperphagia after fasting. These results indicate that endogenous ghrelin is not an essential regulator of food intake and has, at most, a redundant role in the regulation of appetite. However, analyses of ghrl(-/-) mice demonstrate that endogenous ghrelin plays a prominent role in determining the type of metabolic substrate (i.e., fat vs. carbohydrate) that is used for maintenance of energy balance, particularly under conditions of high fat intake. 相似文献
79.
Eisenman DP Meredith LS Rhodes H Green BL Kaltman S Cassells A Tobin JN 《Journal of general internal medicine》2008,23(9):1386-1392
Background Little is known about how Latinos with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) understand their illness and their preferences
for mental health treatment.
Objective To understand the illness beliefs and treatment preferences of Latino immigrants with PTSD.
Design Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews.
Participants Sixty foreign-born, Latino adults recruited from five primary care centers in New York and New Jersey and screened for PTSD.
Approach Content analytic methods identified common themes, their range, and most frequent or typical responses.
Results Participants identified their primary feelings as sadness, anxiety, nervousness, and fear. The most common feeling was “sad”
(triste). Other words frequently volunteered were “angry” (enojada), “nervous” (nerviosa), and “scared” (miedo). Participants viewed their PTSD as impairing health and functioning. They ascribed their somatic symptoms and their general
medical problems to the “stress” from the trauma and its consequences on their lives. The most common reason participants
volunteered for their work and school functioning being impaired was their poor concentration, often due to intrusive thoughts.
Most expressed their desire to receive mental health treatment, to receive it within their primary care center, and preferred
psychotherapy over psychotropic medications. Among participants who did not report wanting treatment, most said it was because
the trauma was “in the past.”
Conclusions Clinicians may consider enquiring about PTSD in Latino patients who report feeling sad, anxious, nervous, or fearful. Our
study suggests topics clinicians may include in the psychoeducation of patients with PTSD. 相似文献
80.
Wai-Kit Lo Hilary J. Goldberg Steve Boukedes Robert Burakoff Walter W. Chan 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2018,63(2):403-410