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121.
Ramagopalan SV Dyment DA Valdar W Herrera BM Criscuoli M Yee IM Sadovnick AD Ebers GC;Canadian Collaborative Study Group 《Lancet neurology》2007,6(7):604-610
BACKGROUND: Evidence of an association between multiple sclerosis (MS) and other autoimmune diseases would substantiate the hypothesis that MS is an autoimmune disease, and implicate a common mechanism. We aimed to investigate and compare the rate of autoimmune disease in MS patients, in their first-degree relatives, and in their unrelated spouses. METHODS: We used data from a national, multicentre, population-based sample to investigate the rate of autoimmune disease in 5031 MS patients, 30 259 of their first-degree relatives, and 2707 spousal controls. We asked patients and controls whether they had any of ten autoimmune diseases: Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, psoriasis, pernicious anaemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune thyroid disease, vitiligo, and myasthenia gravis. MS probands were also asked whether their first-degree relatives had Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, or type 1 diabetes. FINDINGS: After correction for age and sex, we did not identify any increased risk of autoimmune diseases in MS patients compared with their spousal controls (odds ratio [OR]=1.07, 95% CI 0.86-1.23, chi(2)=0.47, p=0.49), or in the first-degree relatives of MS probands compared with controls (OR=0.89, 0.63-1.17, chi(2)=1.11, p=0.29). However, the reported frequency of autoimmune diseases did differ according to the sex of the interviewee (female vs male patients chi(2)=92.2, p<0.0001; female vs male spousal controls chi(2)=87.1, p<0.0001). MS patients had slightly higher rates of thyroid disease and pernicious anaemia than did controls, which is consistent with MHC associations for these diseases, but this effect disappeared when results were adjusted for sex. For eight other diseases the rates were similar in MS patients and controls. Families with multiple cases of MS were no more likely to report autoimmune diseases than families with single MS cases. INTERPRETATION: When data were adjusted for sex, no excess of common autoimmune diseases could be identified in MS patients or their families, including multicase pedigrees. Our results suggest that women are more aware of family medical histories than men, which emphasises the potential for ascertainment bias in unstratified data for a sex-limited disease. Family histories should thus be taken from male patients in the presence of a spouse. 相似文献
122.
Background
Anxiety and depression co-occur in children and adolescents with anxiety commonly preceding depression. Although there is some evidence to suggest that the association between early anxiety and later depression is explained by a shared genetic aetiology, the contribution of environmental factors is less well examined and it is unknown whether anxiety itself is a phenotypic risk factor for later depression. These explanations of the association between early anxiety and later depression were evaluated. 相似文献123.
124.
125.
Microcirculation of skeletal muscle adapts differently to a resistive exercise intervention with and without superimposed whole‐body vibrations 下载免费PDF全文
Åsa Beijer Hans Degens Tobias Weber André Rosenberger Sebastian Gehlert Frankyn Herrera Matthias Kohl‐Bareis Jochen Zange Wilhelm Bloch Jörn Rittweger 《Clinical physiology and functional imaging》2015,35(6):425-435
Whole‐body vibration (WBV) training is commonly practiced and may enhance peripheral blood flow. Here, we investigated muscle morphology and acute microcirculatory responses before and after a 6‐week resistive exercise training intervention without (RE) or with (RVE) simultaneous whole‐body vibrations (20 Hz, 6 mm peak‐to‐peak amplitude) in 26 healthy men in a randomized, controlled parallel‐design study. Total haemoglobin (tHb) and tissue oxygenation index (TOI) were measured in gastrocnemius muscle (GM) with near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Whole‐body oxygen consumption (VO2) was measured via spirometry, and skeletal muscle morphology was determined in soleus (SOL) muscle biopsies. Our data reveal that exercise‐induced muscle deoxygenation both before and after 6 weeks training was similar in RE and RVE (P = 0·76), although VO2 was 20% higher in the RVE group (P<0·001). The RVE group showed a 14%‐point increase in reactive hyperaemia (P = 0·007) and a 27% increase in blood volume (P<0·01) in GM after 6 weeks of training. The number of capillaries around fibres was increased by 15% after 6 weeks training in both groups (P<0·001) with no specific effect of superimposed WBV (P = 0·61). Neither of the training regimens induced fibre hypertrophy in SOL. The present findings suggest an increased blood volume and vasodilator response in GM as an adaptation to long‐term RVE, which was not observed after RE alone. We conclude that RVE training enhances vasodilation of small arterioles and possibly capillaries. This effect might be advantageous for muscle thermoregulation and the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to exercising muscle and removal of carbon dioxide and metabolites. 相似文献
126.
127.
Dr. Jorge L. Herrera MD Roy M. Vigneulle PhD Thomas Gage MD Thomas J. MacVittie PhD Dr. James B. Nold DVM PhD Dr Andre Dubois MD PhD 《Digestive diseases and sciences》1995,40(1):211-218
Radiation with doses >7.5 Gy damages the canine intestinal mucosa, and pretreatment with WR2721 reduces this damage. However, the effects of radiation and of WR2721 onin vivo intestinal transport are unclear. Therefore, we determined canine survival, intestinal transport, and mucosal histology following unilateral abdominal irradiation. Isoperistaltic ileostomies were prepared in 23 dogs under general anesthesia and aseptic conditions. After a three-week recovery period, animals were given either placebo or WR2721, 150 mg/kg intravenously, 30 min prior to 10 Gy cobalt-60 abdominal irradiation. Ileal transport and histology were determined in both groups before exposure and one, four, and seven days after irradiation. Seven-day survival was significantly improved by pretreatment with WR2721 (91% vs 33%,P<0.02). On day 4, both mucosal integrity and net intestinal absorption were significantly better (P<0.05) after WR2721 than after placebo. Thus, radiation-induced damage to the ileal mucosa is accompanied by a reduction in net ileal absorption of water and electrolytesin vivo. In addition, pretreatment with WR2721 improves animal survival while reducing ileal damage and improving intestinal absorption.Supported by the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Defense Nuclear Agency, under work units B3161 and 00082. Views presented in this paper are those of the authors; no endorsement by the Defense Nuclear Agency or the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences has been given or should be inferred. Research was conducted according to the principles enunciated in the Guide of the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals prepared by the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research Council. 相似文献
128.
Description of Advanced Practice Nurses Interventions Through the Nursing Interventions Classification in Different Care Settings for Older People: A Qualitative Study 下载免费PDF全文
Silvia Garcia‐Mayor RN MSc PhD Juan Carlos Morilla‐Herrera RN MSc PhD Magdalena Cuevas‐Fernandez‐Gallego RN MSc NCM Francisca Villa‐Estrada RN BSc Ana María Porcel‐Galvez RN BSc PhD Pedro Sastre‐Fullana RN MSN José Miguel Morales‐Asencio RN BSc PhD 《International journal of nursing knowledge》2016,27(2):79-86
129.
Produit-Zengaffinen N Davis-Lameloise N Perreten H Bécard D Gjinovci A Keller PA Wollheim CB Herrera P Muzzin P Assimacopoulos-Jeannet F 《Diabetologia》2007,50(1):84-93
Aims/hypothesis Levels of uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) are regulated in the pancreatic beta cells and an increase in the protein level has
been associated with mitochondrial uncoupling and alteration in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. However, it is not clear
whether an increase in uncoupling protein-2 per se induces mitochondrial uncoupling and affects ATP generation and insulin
secretion.
Materials and methods Transgenic mice with beta cell-specific overexpression of the human UCP2 gene and INS-1 cells with doxycycline-inducible overproduction of the protein were generated and the consequences of increased
levels of UCP2 on glucose-induced insulin secretion and on parameters reflecting mitochondrial uncoupling were determined.
Results In transgenic mice, an increase in beta cell UCP2 protein concentration did not significantly modify plasma glucose and insulin
levels. Glucose-induced insulin secretion and elevation in the ATP/ADP ratio were unaltered by an increase in UCP2 level.
In INS-1 cells, a similar increase in UCP2 level did not modify glucose-induced insulin secretion, cytosolic ATP and ATP/ADP
ratio, or glucose oxidation. Increased levels of UCP2 did not modify the mitochondrial membrane potential and oxygen consumption.
Increased UCP2 levels decreased cytokine-induced production of reactive oxygen species.
Conclusion/interpretation The results obtained in transgenic mice and in the beta cell line do not support the hypothesis that an increase in UCP2 protein
per se uncouples the mitochondria and decreases glucose-induced insulin secretion. In contrast, the observation that increased
UCP2 levels decrease cytokine-induced production of reactive oxygen species indicates a potential protective effect of the
protein on beta cells, as observed in other cell types.
Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible to authorised users.
N. Produit-Zengaffinen and N. Davis-Lameloise contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
130.
Velapatiño B Balqui J Gilman RH Bussalleu A Quino W Finger SA Santivañez L Herrera P Piscoya A Valdivia J Cok J Berg DE 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2006,44(3):976-980
The method of recovering Helicobacter pylori DNA or viable cells absorbed on a string that a person has swallowed and that is retrieved an hour later (string test) should be a useful alternative to traditional analysis of cells or DNA obtained by endoscopy, which is invasive, uncomfortable, relatively costly, and ill-suited for community-based and pediatric studies. Here we assayed the sensitivity and validity of the string test versus conventional endoscopic biopsy for detecting and analyzing H. pylori infection. Forty-four people with gastric complaints were studied using both H. pylori culture and urease gene (ureB) PCR. H. pylori organisms cultured from strings and biopsy specimens from the same patients were fingerprinted by the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. Biopsy sections were also hematoxylin and eosin and silver stained for H. pylori detection. H. pylori was cultured from 80% of strings and detected by PCR from 91% of strings from participants whose biopsies had been H. pylori positive by culture, PCR, and/or histology. Strains recovered from strings and biopsy specimens yielded identical or closely related RAPD profiles in each of the 24 cases tested. We conclude that the string test is a useful method for H. pylori recovery and analysis when relatively noninvasive procedures are needed. 相似文献