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J. G. Boonstra Johan W. van der Pijl Yves F. C. Smets Herman H. P. J. Lemkes Jan Ringers Leendert A. van Es F. J. van der Woude Jan A. Bruijn 《Transplant international》1997,10(6):451-456
To examine the incidence of interstitial and vascular
rejection in pancreas allografts and its impact on graft survival, we studied 36 percutaneous pancreas biopsies and 10 pancreas
transplantectomy specimens from 32 patients who had undergone simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation. Interstitial rejection
(IR) was predominantly found in the biopsies, while vascular rejection (VR) was most prominent in the transplantectomies.
Pancreas graft survival was significantly decreased for pancreas grafts that had suffered from vascular rejection when compared
to those with only interstitial rejection. Potential rejection markers, i. e., serum amylase, glucose, creatinine, and urinary
amylase, did not correlate with histological signs of rejection, although increased levels of serum amylase were, in all but
one case, associated with rejection.We conclude that a percutaneous pancreas biopsy remains the most reliable method to determine
pancreas rejection, and that by distinguishing between IR andVR, a pancreas biopsy may provide important diagnostic as well
as prognostic information.
Received: 6 March 1997 Received after revision: 5 June 1997 Accepted: 30 June 1997 相似文献
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Herman M van Praag 《The world journal of biological psychiatry》2004,5(3):155-160
Stress often precedes psychiatric disorders. This holds particularly for the group of mood disorders. A crucial question is whether stress is an epiphenomenon or a decisive factor in the causation of (certain forms of) mood disorder. Certainty about this question can only be obtained when it can be demonstrated that stress phenomena may induce changes in brain functioning similar to the ones supposedly associated with (certain forms of) depression. Since the phenomenology of stress syndromes, as well as their emotional intensity, are highly variable, careful diagnosis is a first requirement. In studies into the significance of stress in the occurrence of depression this degree of finesse has not been achieved. The major shortcomings are discussed. Those should be systematically addressed to provide this type of research with the necessary acuity 相似文献
15.
Perry D. Cohen Linda Herman Sheryl Jedlinski Peggy Willocks Paula Wittekind 《Neurotherapeutics》2007,4(3):537-544
A patient-centered paradigm for clinical research and medical care is presented as a solution to the problem of declining
innovation and increasing costs and development time in the pipeline for new therapies. Fundamental differences in values
and motivations among scientists, clinicians, industry sponsor, and patients in neurotherapeutics provide a framework for
analysis of ethical conflicts and the loss of public confidence in medical research. Parkinson advocates’ views on clinical
trial participation, perceived risks and benefits, placebo controls, and sham surgery are presented. These views reflect the
sense of urgency and the unique perspective that comes from living with this progressive, debilitating condition full time.
A patient-centered paradigm that includes authentic voices of patients as collaborators at every stage of development will
help to resolve conflicts, build trust, recruit trial participants, and accelerate new therapies. Key elements are adaptive
clinical trial methods and the development of information technology for the assessment of outcomes and surveillance of safety
over the life cycle of a medical product. Supported by the Parkinson’s Disease Foundation, the Parkinson Pipeline Project
is a grassroots group of Parkinson’s patients whose goal is to represent an authentic voice for patients in the treatment
development process. This group promotes education and communication between members of the Parkinson’s community and active
stakeholders in medical research, industry, and regulatory agencies. Its members are an example of a new breed of knowledgeable
consumers, armed with first-hand access to research findings and reinforced by on-line connections to like-minded peers throughout
the world. 相似文献
16.
Herman Buschke Martin J Sliwinski Gail Kuslansky Mindy Katz Joe Verghese Richard B Lipton 《Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society》2006,12(3):436-440
Impaired recall for early items (primacy) and late items (recency) on word list recall tests are seen in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We compared conventional scoring on the Telephone Instrument for Cognitive Status (TICS) recall list with scorings based on retention-weighted recall (RWR: each item weighted by its serial position) in older adults participating in a community-based aging study. Subjects with mild AD (N=18) did not differ from those without dementia (N=231) with respect to recency (46% vs. 59%, p = 0.2), but had impaired primacy (2% vs. 39%, p < .001) on word recall on the TICS. RWR scoring improved the effect size (1.52 SD) compared to conventional scoring (1.08 SD). With a fixed sensitivity of 85%, specificity was lower using conventional scoring (56%) than RWR (76%) scoring. Our findings suggest that optimized RWR scoring of word list free recall can improve detection of mild AD compared to conventional scoring. 相似文献
17.
The effectiveness of various oxygen carrying treatments in sensitizing subpopulations of the FSallC fibrosarcoma to low doses of radiation was assessed, and compared with survivals obtained with the same cells after in vivo irradiation under normally oxygenated or hypoxic conditions. FSallC tumors were treated with 2-10 Gray then the Hoechst 33342 dye diffusion method was used to separate the tumor into bright (enriched in normally oxygenated cells) and dim (enriched in hypoxic cells) subpopulations. There was good agreement between the survival of normally oxygenated cells in culture and bright cells from tumors and between hypoxic cells in culture and dim cells from tumors over a radiation dosage range of 2-5 Gray. At 10 Gray bright cells from tumors were minimally less sensitive to the radiation dose than normally oxygenated cells in vivo. When maximally effective doses of perfluorochemical emulsions (F44E at 4 g PFC/kg or Fluosol-DA at 2.4 g PFC/kg) or a purified bovine hemoglobin solution (PBHS at 1.32 g protein/kg) were administered 1 hr. prior to radiation therapy with carbogen (95% O2, 5% CO2) breathing prior to and during radiation delivery, low single doses of x-ray (2-5 Gray) were measurably more cytotoxic toward both FSallC tumor cell subpopulations. These results indicate that perfluorochemical emulsions or purified bovine hemoglobin preparations along with carbogen breathing may be able to increase tumor radiosensitivity to the relatively low radiation doses per fraction used in the clinic. 相似文献
18.
Michal Mann Clemens M H Hosman Herman P Schaalma Nanne K de Vries 《Health education research》2004,19(4):357-372
Self-evaluation is crucial to mental and social well-being. It influences aspirations, personal goals and interaction with others. This paper stresses the importance of self-esteem as a protective factor and a non-specific risk factor in physical and mental health. Evidence is presented illustrating that self-esteem can lead to better health and social behavior, and that poor self-esteem is associated with a broad range of mental disorders and social problems, both internalizing problems (e.g. depression, suicidal tendencies, eating disorders and anxiety) and externalizing problems (e.g. violence and substance abuse). We discuss the dynamics of self-esteem in these relations. It is argued that an understanding of the development of self-esteem, its outcomes, and its active protection and promotion are critical to the improvement of both mental and physical health. The consequences for theory development, program development and health education research are addressed. Focusing on self-esteem is considered a core element of mental health promotion and a fruitful basis for a broad-spectrum approach. 相似文献
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