Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important risk factor for the development of type-2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. We aimed to compare the MetS prevalence in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) with comparison subjects followed in primary care from a similar region. One hundred and thirty-five BPD patients according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were compared to 1009 subjects from primary care. We used the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute criteria to determine the rate of MetS. The age-standardized prevalence of MetS was more than double in patients with BPD compared to comparison subjects (23.3 vs. 10.6 %, p < 0.05). Regarding individual MetS criteria, hyperglycemia was significantly more prevalent in both genders (p < 0.05). Abdominal obesity (p < 0.05) and hypertriglyceridemia (p < 0.05) were significantly higher only in women with BPD. Within BPD patients, an increased rate of MetS was associated with higher BMI (p = 0.004), age (p = 0.03), treatment with second-generation antipsychotics (quetiapine, olanzapine and clozapine; p = 0.032), dysthymia (p = 0.031), panic disorder (p = 0.032), benzodiazepine dependency (p = 0.015) and binge eating disorder p = 0.02). Our results demonstrate an increased MetS rate, dysregulated glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with BPD. Cardiometabolic monitoring and careful screening for physical health conditions among people with BPD is warranted. 相似文献
A cancer diagnosis can have a substantial impact on one’s mental health. The present study investigated the prevalence and predictors of psychiatric comorbidities in cancer patients at the time of their discharge from the hospital.
Methods
Psychiatric comorbidities were assessed shortly before hospital discharge and half a year after hospitalization using a structured clinical interview (SCID), based on the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV). Frequencies at both time points were estimated using percentages and corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Predictors of mental disorders were identified using binary logistic regression models.
Results
At time of hospital discharge, 39 out of 334 patients (12%) were diagnosed with a psychiatric comorbidity, and 15 (7%) were diagnosed half a year later. Among the diagnoses, adjustment disorders (3%) were most frequent at the time of hospital release, while major depression (3%) was the most frequent 6 months later. Having a mental disorder was associated with unemployment (odds ratio (OR) 3.4, confidence interval (CI) 1.1–10.9, p = 0.04). There was no evidence that school education (OR 2.0, CI 0.4–9.0, p = 0.38), higher education (OR 0.7, CI 0.2–2.4, p = 0.60), income (OR 1.0, CI 1.0–1.0, p = 0.06), tumor stage (OR 1.1, CI 0.4–3.2, p = 0.85), type of disease (OR 0.6, CI 0.2–2.1, p = 0.47), pain (OR 1.0, CI 1.0–1.0, p = 0.15), fatigue (OR 1.0, CI 1.0–1.0, p = 0.77), or physical functioning (OR 1.0, CI 1.0–1.0, p = 0.54) were related to the presence of a psychiatric comorbidity.
Conclusions
Unemployment was associated with at least a threefold increased risk of mental disorder, which highlights the need for special attention to be given to this subgroup of cancer patients.
Little is known about the combined associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and hand grip strength (GS) with mortality in general adult populations. The purpose of this study was to compare the relative risk of mortality for CRF, GS, and their combination. In UK Biobank, a prospective cohort of >?0.5 million adults aged 40–69 years, CRF was measured through submaximal bike tests; GS was measured using a hand-dynamometer. This analysis is based on data from 70,913 men and women (832 all-cause, 177 cardiovascular and 503 cancer deaths over 5.7-year follow-up) who provided valid CRF and GS data, and with no history of heart attack/stroke/cancer at baseline. Compared with the lowest CRF category, the hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality was 0.76 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64–0.89] and 0.65 (95% CI 0.55–0.78) for the middle and highest CRF categories, respectively, after adjustment for confounders and GS. The highest GS category had an HR of 0.79 (95% CI 0.66–0.95) for all-cause mortality compared with the lowest, after adjustment for confounders and CRF. Similar results were found for cardiovascular and cancer mortality. The HRs for the combination of highest CRF and GS were 0.53 (95% CI 0.39–0.72) for all-cause mortality and 0.31 (95% CI 0.14–0.67) for cardiovascular mortality, compared with the reference category of lowest CRF and GS: no significant association for cancer mortality (HR 0.70; 95% CI 0.48–1.02). CRF and GS are both independent predictors of mortality. Improving both CRF and muscle strength, as opposed to either of the two alone, may be the most effective behavioral strategy to reduce all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk. 相似文献
The duration of untreated ventricular fibrillation (VF) is of paramount importance for CPR success. Moreover, therapeutic interventions taking into account the interval between cardiac arrest onset and initiation of CPR improve outcome. This study was performed to investigate whether VF feature analysis could be used to estimate the duration of VF in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Demographic data recorded according to the Utstein guidelines and ECG recordings of 376 cardiac arrest patients from three European areas were analysed. Ten features in the time and frequency domain derived from different sub-bands of the initial VF ECG (n=127) were evaluated. The correlation between VF ECG features and cardiac arrest times was investigated using Pearson's correlation coefficient in a subset of 40 patients with reliably estimated downtimes and artefact-free initial VF tracings. No significant correlation (p<.05) between any of the VF ECG features and downtime could be found. The duration of cardiac arrest could not be estimated reliably from human VF ECG single feature analysis. 相似文献
Disorganized behavior is a key symptom of schizophrenia. The objective assessment of disorganized behavior is particularly challenging. Actigraphy has enabled the objective assessment of motor behavior in various settings. Reduced motor activity was associated with negative syndrome scores, but simple motor activity analyses were not informative on other symptom dimensions. The analysis of movement patterns, however, could be more informative for assessing schizophrenia symptom dimensions. Here, we use time series analyses on actigraphic data of 100 schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients. Actigraphy recording intervals were set at 2 s. Data from 2 defined 60-min periods were analyzed, and partial autocorrelations of the actigraphy time series indicated predictability of movements in each individual. Increased positive syndrome scores were associated with reduced predictability of movements but not with the overall amount of movement. Negative syndrome scores were associated with low activity levels but unrelated with predictability of movement. The factors disorganization and excitement were related to movement predictability but emotional distress was not. Thus, the predictability of objectively assessed motor behavior may be a marker of positive symptoms and disorganized behavior. This behavior could become relevant for translational research.Key words: schizophrenia, actigraphy, behavior, time series analysis, positive symptoms, negative symptoms相似文献
The aim of this observational study was to describe the type, number, and serum concentration levels of psychotropic drugs in elderly patients, on admission to a geriatric psychiatric inpatient unit. We further wanted to investigate the use and unreported use of psychotropic drugs by analyzing for a broad spectrum of drugs in the serum samples.
Methods
A total of 236 patients were included. Drug use, patient characteristics, and diagnoses were recorded, and serum analysis was performed for a total of 56 psychotropic drugs in 233 of the patients.
Results
Nine out of ten patients (88 %) used one or more psychotropic drugs on admission to hospital; the mean use was 2.8 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 2.6–2.9) drugs. In 25 patients (11 %), drugs reported used were not detected in serum. Unreported use of drugs (serum analysis revealing one or more drugs not reported) was found in 100 patients (43 %). This was more common in younger patients. Psychotropic polypharmacy (use of three or more psychotropic drugs) was found in 109 patients (47 %). Patients with a main diagnosis of affective disorder used the most psychotropic drugs.
Conclusions
Psychotropic drugs are commonly used among geriatric psychiatric patients on admission to hospital. Psychotropic polypharmacy is a major concern among these patients. There was considerable unreported use of drugs within this population, and a low threshold for a broader serum analysis for psychotropic drugs appears indicated. 相似文献