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排序方式: 共有465条查询结果,搜索用时 771 毫秒
91.
92.
Gudmundsson J Besenbacher S Sulem P Gudbjartsson DF Olafsson I Arinbjarnarson S Agnarsson BA Benediktsdottir KR Isaksson HJ Kostic JP Gudjonsson SA Stacey SN Gylfason A Sigurdsson A Holm H Bjornsdottir US Eyjolfsson GI Navarrete S Fuertes F Garcia-Prats MD Polo E Checherita IA Jinga M Badea P Aben KK Schalken JA van Oort IM Sweep FC Helfand BT Davis M Donovan JL Hamdy FC Kristjansson K Gulcher JR Masson G Kong A Catalona WJ Mayordomo JI Geirsson G Einarsson GV Barkardottir RB Jonsson E Jinga V 《Science translational medicine》2010,2(62):62ra92
Measuring serum levels of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the most common screening method for prostate cancer. However, PSA levels are affected by a number of factors apart from neoplasia. Notably, around 40% of the variability of PSA levels in the general population is accounted for by inherited factors, suggesting that it may be possible to improve both sensitivity and specificity by adjusting test results for genetic effects. To search for sequence variants that associate with PSA levels, we performed a genome-wide association study and follow-up analysis using PSA information from 15,757 Icelandic and 454 British men not diagnosed with prostate cancer. Overall, we detected a genome-wide significant association between PSA levels and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at six loci: 5p15.33 (rs2736098), 10q11 (rs10993994), 10q26 (rs10788160), 12q24 (rs11067228), 17q12 (rs4430796), and 19q13.33 [rs17632542 (KLK3: I179T)], each with P(combined) <3 × 10(-10). Among 3834 men who underwent a biopsy of the prostate, the 10q26, 12q24, and 19q13.33 alleles that associate with high PSA levels are associated with higher probability of a negative biopsy (odds ratio between 1.15 and 1.27). Assessment of association between the six loci and prostate cancer risk in 5325 cases and 41,417 controls from Iceland, the Netherlands, Spain, Romania, and the United States showed that the SNPs at 10q26 and 12q24 were exclusively associated with PSA levels, whereas the other four loci also were associated with prostate cancer risk. We propose that a personalized PSA cutoff value, based on genotype, should be used when deciding to perform a prostate biopsy. 相似文献
93.
Kroenke K Kapoor W Helfand M Meltzer DO McDonald MA Selker H 《Clinical and translational science》2010,3(5):258-262
As comparative effectiveness research (CER) increasingly becomes a national priority, there are increased needs for training and workforce development in this area. Particularly important CER competencies include clinical epidemiology, biomedical informatics, economic analyses, systematic reviews, clinical practice guideline development, use of large databases and electronic health records for research, practice-based research, implementation and dissemination, health services research, and decision analysis. Institutions funded by Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSAs) should be one of the central stakeholders in providing training and career development in CER. Survey results regarding the current CER capacity and needs of CTSAs are presented, and recommendations are provided. Volume 5: 258-262. 相似文献
94.
Marian S. McDonagh Kim Peterson Howard Balshem Mark Helfand 《Journal of clinical epidemiology》2013,66(10):1071-1081
ObjectivesA key systematic review (SR) methodology is comprehensive searching. The Drug Effectiveness Review Project (DERP) SRs search US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) documents to identify unpublished evidence. This study evaluates the success of those efforts.Study Design and SettingWe examined DERP reports published since 2003 for the use of FDA preapproval and postmarketing documents. We categorized evidence as (1) unique unpublished studies, (2) supplemental unpublished data, or (3) FDA postmarketing data analysis. Three reviewers independently assigned predetermined impact categories (e.g., qualitative or quantitative usage, fills gaps, confirms findings, and alters conclusions), resolving disagreements through consensus.ResultsAmong 114 DERP reports, 19% included unpublished studies and/or supplemental data and 10% included postmarketing analyses. From 175 preapproval documents, 14% provided eligible unpublished studies and 4.0% supplemental unpublished data that helped confirm previous findings, identify important harms, and fill gaps in knowledge about understudied subpopulations, outcomes, and comparisons. Report conclusion statements changed in 9 of 33 instances of premarketing documents compared with 4 of 12 postmarketing analyses.ConclusionsThe FDA documents can provide important unpublished evidence for SRs, although in a small proportion of cases. Future research should identify attributes that predict which reviews may benefit most from review of FDA documents. 相似文献
95.
96.
回春液补肾助阳药效学的实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
回春液由人参、鹿茸、貂鞭等名贵中药组成。有补肾助阳,填精益气等功效。药效学研究证实,该药有促进幼鼠发育及增加去势大鼠前列腺——精液囊的重量,亦显著增加小鼠血红蛋白的含量,表明回春液有雄性激素样作用。 相似文献
97.
Mary H. Black PhD Shuwei Li PhD Holly LaDuca MS Min-Tzu Lo PhD Jefferey Chen MS Robert Hoiness MS Stephanie Gutierrez BS Brigette Tippin-Davis PhD Hsiao-Mei Lu PhD Marta Gielzak BA Kathleen Wiley MS Zhuqing Shi PhD Jun Wei PhD Siqun Lilly Zheng MD Brian T. Helfand PhD William Isaacs PhD Jianfeng Xu PhD 《The Prostate》2020,80(15):1314-1321
98.
99.
Meniru GI; Gorgy A; Podsiadly BT; Craft IL 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(11):2443-2446
Percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) and intracytoplasmic sperm
injection (ICSI) were carried out in patients with congenital bilateral
absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD) and men with failed reversal of
vasectomy (FRV). PESA was successful in 55 out of 62 patients with CBAVD
(89%) and in 57 out of 60 men with FRV (95%). The fertilization rates after
ICSI (53 and 55%), cleavage rates (70 and 76%) and pregnancy rates (36 and
32%) did not differ significantly between the two respective groups (CBAVD
and FRV). PESA and ICSI are effective both in patients with CBAVD and in
those with FRV.
相似文献
100.
RD Maw † GR Kinghorn ‡ CA Bowman § BT Goh ¶ AT Nayagam M Nathan†† 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2002,16(1):58-62
OBJECTIVES: To determine the safety and efficacy of imiquimod (Aldara) 5% cream in the treatment of prepuce-associated warts in uncircumcised males. METHODS: An open-label study in six UK medical centres with 35 uncircumcised males with prepuce-associated warts treated with imiquimod 5% cream three times per week for up to 16 weeks. Other anogenital warts were also treated. RESULTS: Three times weekly application of imiquimod was found to be safe, with erythema as the most commonly reported local skin reaction. Forty per cent of patients had complete clearance of anogenital warts within 16 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Imiquimod cream at a dosing regimen of three times per week, is effective and has an acceptable safety profile in the treatment of prepuce associated warts and other external anogenital warts in uncircumcised males. 相似文献