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31.
Max Heinrich Fischer 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》1927,118(4):633-680
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
32.
Heinrich Auspitz 《Archives of dermatological research》1883,10(1):160-171
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
33.
Heinrich Schulze Mönking Wilhelm P. Hornung Karl Stricker Gerhard Buchkremer 《European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience》1997,247(1):31-34
This study examines the correlation between development of expressed emotion (EE) in relatives and course of illness of 99
DSM-III schizophrenic patients. Patients whose relatives were high EE at baseline and at the 2nd CFI approximately 20 months
later had a poor prognosis at the very outset of the study and an unfavourable course of illness. They had a higher rehospitalisation
rate, more symptoms, lower psychosocial assessment, and a poorer 2-year and even 8-year outcome. Patients from families with
a fluctuating EE or a consistently low EE had better courses. Expessed emotion is therefore a valid predictor not only of
symptomatic relapses, but also of other important aspects of schizophrenia. The connection between EE index and course of
illness seerns not to be simply reactive or causal, but complex and non-uniform. 相似文献
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36.
Tadashi Nakazawa Yoshiyuki Takami Robert Benkowski Satoshi Ohtsubo Ohashi Yukio Eiki Tayama Goro Ohtsuka Yoshinari Niimi Julie Glueck Akinori Sueoka Helmut Schmallegger Heinrich Schima Ernst Wolner Yukihiko Nosé 《Artificial organs》1997,21(7):597-601
Abstract: To be able to salvage heart failure patients, the need for an economical permanent ventricular assist device is increasing. To meet this increasing demand, a miniaturized centrifugal blood pump has been developed as a permanently implantable device. The Gyro permanently implantable model (PI-601) incorporates a sealless design with a blood stagnation free structure. The pump impeller is magnetically coupled to the driver magnet in a sealless manner. This pump is atraumatic and antithrombogenic and incorporates a double pivot bearing system. A miniaturized actuator was utilized in this system in collaboration with the University of Vienna. The priming volume of this pump is 20 ml. The overall size of the pump actuator package is 53 mm in height and 65 mm in diameter, 145 ml of displacement volume, and 305 g in weight. Testing to date has included in vitro hydraulic performance and hemolysis. This pump can provide 5 L/min against a 110 mm Hg total pressure head at 2,000 rpm and 8 Limin against 150 mm Hg at 2,500 rpm. The normalized index of hemo-lysis (NIH) value of this pump was 0.0028 g/100 L at 5 Limin against 100 mm Hg. A preliminary anatomical study revealed the possibility of the implantability of 2 such systems in biventricular bypass at a preperitoneal location. This system is feasible for use as a permanently implantable biventricular assist device. 相似文献
37.
Karl‐Jürgen Br Stanislaw Brehm Michael Karl Boettger Gerd Wagner Silke Boettger Heinrich Sauer 《European Journal of Pain》2006,10(5):467-471
An altered perception of pain has been described for several psychiatric disorders. To date the influence of adjustment disorders (AD) on pain perception has not been described. Here, we investigated perception of experimentally induced pain in 15 patients suffering from AD (subtype with depressive symptoms) and controls matched for age and sex. Thresholds and tolerances were assessed for thermal and electrical pain on both sides of the body. We found an overall increase of pain thresholds and tolerances in AD patients as compared to controls, predominately on the right side of the body. Analogue findings have been reported for pain perception in major depressive disorder (MDD). Of the data obtained, only thermal pain threshold on the right arm correlated with the severity of depressive symptoms. Although the underlying pathology is elusive it is likely that the mechanisms for reduced pain sensitivity are comparable in MDD and AD. 相似文献
38.
Jeffrey E. Fletcher Marcy Hubert Steven J. Wieland Qi-Hua Gong Ming-Shi Jiang 《Toxicon》1996,34(11-12)
Myonecrosis induced in vivo by cardiotoxin, melittin, and Asp49 and Lys49 phospholipase A2 (PLA2) myotoxins involves rapid lysis of the sarcolemma, myofibril clumping, and hypercontraction of sarcomeres. In contrast, skeletal muscle necrosis induced by crotamine and myotoxin a is much slower, consisting of mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic reticulum swelling, myofibril degeneration, and lack of sarcolemma or transverse tubule damage. The mechanisms contributing to the myonecrosis induced by these peptides were evaluated. Two cardiotoxins and two Lys49 PLA2 myotoxins lysed primary cultures of human skeletal muscle within 24 hr at a concentration of 0.25 μM, while melittin, crotamine, and myotoxin a, and an Asp49 PLA2 myotoxin were non-cytolytic at concentrations up to 5.0 μM, suggesting that cytolysis is not a good measure of myotoxicity. Crotamine and the Lys49 PLA2 myotoxin altered Ca2+ ion flux in human heavy sarcoplasmic reticulum by opening the ryanodine receptor. Whole-cell patch-clamp studies demonstrated that administrating crotamine intracellularly increased Na+ currents. Free fatty acids, liberated by activation of tissue phospholipase C or by the PLA2 activity of the myotoxins, were monitored for crotamine, myotoxin a and a Lys49 PLA2 myotoxin in cell cultures in which the lipids had been radiolabeled. Only the Lys49 myotoxin produced significant amounts of fatty acid in cell cultures, supporting a potential role for fatty acid production only in the mechanism of sarcolemma-destroying myotoxins. These findings, coupled with those in the literature, support a hypothesis in which the myotoxins and/or products of lipase activity (e.g. fatty acids) are acting at a site existing on both the Na+ channel and a protein involved in Ca2+ release and probably serving a modulatory function for ion regulation. Based on the similarities in mechanisms between the toxins and fatty acids, the most likely site would be a fatty acid binding site on the protein (either similar to that on fatty acid binding proteins, or an acylated cysteine residue) or in the membrane. 相似文献
39.
Elmar Krause Heinrich Englert Heinz Gögelein 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1995,429(5):625-635
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) dependent potassium channels (KATP channels) in heart ventricular muscle cells can be activated by depletion of intracellular ATP stores as well as by channel openers. In the present study we examined whether properties of KATP channels are dependent on the mode of activation. Whole-cell and single-channel currents were investigated by use of the patch-clamp technique in isolated ventricular rat myocytes. The channel opener rilmakalim dose dependency activated whole-cell currents [concentration for half-maximal activation (EC50) = 1.1 M, Hill coefficient = 3.1, saturation concentration 10 M]. Metabolic inhibition with 2-deoxy-d-glucose (10 mmol/l) also activated KATP currents after a time lag of several minutes. These currents were about two-fold higher than the rilmakalim-activated currents (rilmakalim-activated current 3.9 ±0.2nA, 2-deoxy-d-glucose-activated current 8.1±0.9 nA; both recorded at 0 mV clamp potential). While the rilmakalim-activated current could be blocked completely and with high affinity by the sulphonylurea glibenclamide [concentration for half-maximal inhibition (IC50) = 8 nM, Hill coefficient = 0.7] the 2-deoxy-d-glucose-activated current could only be blocked partially (by maximally 46%) and higher glibenclamide concentrations were needed (IC50 = 480 nM, Hill coefficient = 0.8). The partial loss of blocking efficiency after metabolic inhibition was not restricted to glibenclamide but was also observed with the sulfonylureas glimepiride and HB 985, as well as with the non-sulfonylureas HOE 511 and 5-hydroxydecanoate. Single-channel studies were in accordance with these whole-cell experiments. Both rilmakalim and metabolic inhibition with the uncoupler carbonyl cyanide p-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP) activated single channels in the attached mode, where the number of current levels was significantly higher in the case of FCCP. Rilmakalim-activated channels were completely blocked by 10 M glibenclamide, whereas several single-channel levels appeared in the presence of 100 M glibenclamide after metabolic inhibition. In conclusion, after metabolic inhibition the amplitude of the activated KATP current is about twice as high as under saturating concentrations of the opener rilmakalim. Moreover, channels activated by metabolic inhibition lost part of their sensitivity to known channel blockers. 相似文献
40.