红细胞不同温度长期冻存后形态和免疫功能的变化及其临床意义

目的 探讨一种简便、有效的红细胞长期保存的方法。方法 红细胞在－40℃、80℃及－196℃（液氮）不同温度下长期保存18个月后，分别测定冻存前后红细胞平均体积（MCV）、红细胞渗透脆性（RFT）及红细胞免疫功能（RBC－C3bRR、ERPN）。结果 红细胞－40℃长期冻存后，MCV和RFT较冻存前显著提高（P＜0.05)，RBC－C3bRRt ERPN较冻存前显著降低（P＜0.05)。红细胞－80℃、－196℃长期冻存后，MCV、RFT、RBC－C3bRR及ERPN较冻存前无明显改变（P＞0.05)。结论 红细胞经－80℃、－196℃长期冻存后，其形态、结构和免疫功能保存良好。－80℃低温冻存是一种简便、有效的红细胞长期保存的方法。     

心包疾病的CT诊断

对６１例心包疾病的ＣＴ表现进行了分析。少量心包积液主要聚集在前、左象限，中、大量积液则主要向左或左后象限扩展。根据积液厚度及分布象限可作积液量的评估。缩窄性心包炎ＣＴ均显壁层心包增厚，以心包腹侧面增厚为主，部分病人伴有心包钙化、房室扩大及腔静脉扩张。心包肿瘤侵犯或转移表现为心包不规则增厚或呈结节状改变。     

血清LSA测定在恶性肿瘤临床诊断中的初步应用

本文根据Svennerholm和蒋谷人等的方法略加改良,测定了蚌埠地区113例正常人,71例恶性肿瘤患者和82例非肿瘤疾病患者血清脂质结合唾液酸(LSA)的含量。正常值为12.4mg/dl(SD=±3.6mg/dl),71例不同肿瘤患者的平均值为28.2mg/dl(SD=±9.7mg/dl),阳性率为88.7％,82例非肿瘤疾病患者的平均值为16.82mg/dl(SD=±5.4mg/dl),假阳性率为17％。方法的灵敏度,重复性(平均CV=3.6％)和回收率(平均回收率=101.4％)测定结果是满意的。本研究的初步结果表明,血清LSA测定对肺癌、白血病、胃癌和食管癌具有一定的临床诊断价值。     

Benign intracranial hypertension and recombinant growth hormone therapy in Australia and New Zealand

Benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) is reported in three children from Australia and one from New Zealand, who were being treated with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH). Three males and one female, aged between 10.5 and 14.2 y, developed intracranial hypertension within 2 weeks to 3 months of starting treatment. A national database, OZGROW, has been prospectively collecting data on all 3332 children treated with rhGH in Australia and New Zealand from January 1986 to 1996. The incidence of BIH in children treated with growth hormone (GH) is small, 1.2 per 1000 cases overall, but appears to be greater with biochemical GHD (<10IUml ^-1), i.e. 6.5/1000 (3 in 465 cases), relative risk 18.4, 95% confidence interval 1.9-176.1, than in all other children on the database. The incidence in patients with Turner's syndrome was 2.3/1000 (1 in 428 cases). No cases in patients with partial GHD (10–20 IUml ^-1) or chronic renal failure were identified. Possible causative mechanisms are discussed. The authors'practice is now to start GH replacement at less than the usual recommended dose of 14IUm-² week^-1 in those children considered to be at high risk of developing BIH. Ophthalmological evaluation is recommended for children before and during the first few months following commencement of rhGH therapy and is mandatory in the event of peripheral or facial oedema, persistent headaches, vomiting or visual symptoms. The absence of papilledema does not exclude the diagnosis.     

CT造影剂碘海醇注射液的制备及动物实验

本文报道了非离子型Ｘ－ＣＴ造影剂碘海醇注射液的制备及动物实验结果。磺海醇的最大吸收波长λ＿（ｍａｘ）为２４４ｎｍ。讨论了温度、浓度对磺海醇溶液粘度的影响：粘度随温度的升高而下降，呈负线型相关；粘度随浓度（Ｃ）升高而激剧升高，与浓度的四次方呈线性相关：Ｖ＿（３７℃）＝４７２．５８９［Ｃ］￣４＋１．１２１（ｒ＝０．９９７７）Ｖ＿（３０℃）＝６６３．８１３［Ｃ］￣４＋１．１５２（ｒ＝０．９９９６）Ｖ＿（２０℃）＝１０８２．９５３［Ｃ］￣４＋１．４３３（ｒ＝０．９９８２）使用该注射液进行狗的造影实验，获得了清晰的造影图像。     

真皮下血管网岛状皮瓣抗菌力的实验研究

为研究真皮下血管网薄皮瓣用于感染创面的可行性，在家猪臀部两侧分别形成以旋髂深血管主干分支为蒂的传统岛状皮瓣和远侧５０％修薄的真皮下血管网岛状皮瓣。用细菌计数、吖啶橙荧光染色测定白细胞吞噬指数和白细胞内杀菌率，应用激光多普勒、墨汁灌注、透明标本等方法，对两种皮瓣的抗菌力作自身对照研究。结果表明，真皮下血管网岛状皮瓣的抗菌力明显降低，可能与皮瓣修薄后血供减少，白细胞功能相应降低有关。     

Sideropenic Dysphagia综合征膜性蹼26例分析

目的 :研究SideropenicDysphagla (S -D)综合征膜性蹼产生的机制。方法 :回顾分析S -D综合征2 6例的临床资料。结果 :影像学检查显示膜性蹼在颈段食道前壁呈 2mm深的模样陷凹。血液学检查为缺铁性低血红蛋白性贫血改变。结论 :缺铁性贫血是S -D综合征的原因 ,铁剂治疗有效     

Deletion of aldose reductase leads to protection against cerebral ischemic injury.

Previously, we reported that transgenic mice overexpressing endothelin-1 in astrocytes showed more severe neurological deficits and increased infarct after transient focal ischemia. In those studies, we also observed increased level of aldose reductase (AR), the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the polyol pathway, which has been implicated in osmotic and oxidative stress. To further understand the involvement of the polyol pathway, the mice with deletion of enzymes in the polyol pathway, AR, and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SD), which is the second enzyme in this pathway, were challenged with similar cerebral ischemic injury. Deletion of AR-protected animals from severe neurological deficits and large infarct, whereas similar protection was not observed in mice with SD deficiency. Most interestingly, AR(-/-) brains showed lowered expression of transferrin and transferrin receptor with less iron deposition and nitrotyrosine accumulation. The protection against oxidative stress in AR(-/-) brain was also associated with less poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3 activation. Pharmacological inhibition of AR by Fidarestat also protected animals against cerebral ischemic injury. These findings are the first to show that AR contributes to iron- and transferrin-related oxidative stress associated with cerebral ischemic injury, suggesting that inhibition of AR but not SD may have therapeutic potential against cerebral ischemic injury.     

经皮椎体成形术治疗脊柱疾病

目的评价经皮椎体成形术治疗脊柱疾病的临床应用价值.方法 56例多发骨髓瘤、溶骨性脊柱转移瘤、骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者应用经皮椎体成形术后,分24 h、3个月两阶段评估患者疼痛、术后X线片检查结果、椎体高度等指标.结果术后止痛效果良好,尤以骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者的止痛效果最好.无严重并发症. 结论经皮椎体成形术对骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折等脊柱疾病的止痛、稳固椎体等效果明显,可以谨慎开展.