Accuracy of two midsagittal planes in three-dimensional analysis and their measurement in patients with skeletal mandibular deviation: a comparative study

Our aim was to evaluate the accuracy of two midsagittal planes (MSP) to provide a better reference plane for studying the 3-dimensional structural symmetry in patients with skeletal mandibular deviation. Thirty adult patients with facial asymmetry were admitted to the Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, between January 2015 and 2017. The DICOM data were collected and reconstructed using ProPlan CMF^® 2.0 (Materialise). Two sets of reference planes were set up. In the orbital margin plane group, the plane crossing the nasion (N) point and perpendicular to the frontozygomatic (FZ) suture line was used as the MSP. In the skull base plane group, the MSP was established using the sella turcica (S), N, and basion (Ba). The distances from the craniofacial skeletal and soft tissue midline landmarks to the two MSP were separately measured, and the significance of differences between measurements corresponding to two reference planes were assessed using the paired t test. Except for the posterior nasal spine (PNS)-MSP, the distances from other soft and hard tissue landmarks to the MSP in the orbital margin plane group were significantly shorter than those in the skull base plane group. In the 3-dimensional measurement analysis, the skeletal and soft tissue anatomical midline landmarks were closer to the MSP in the orbital margin plane group. The MSP crossing point N, perpendicular to the FZ suture line, was more accurate and suitable.     

精准教学示范模型系统在妇科手术技能训练中的作用

规范理念和精准手术是妇科及妇科肿瘤学发展的必然方向，精准外科和精准手术的基础是精准教学。经过实践，首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院妇科肿瘤科，在肿瘤腹腔镜手术基础上，借助数字人解剖系统建立精准教学示范模型系统。认为该模式可以在不同层面，对低年资医师均具有良好的培训结果。经过学习和培训，低年资医师不仅可以学习到手术相关知识，还可以扩宽视野，建立良好手术思维模式。通过介绍该模式的设计及初步探索结果，可为规范、科学地培养医学人才提供参考。     

Progress in studies on pathological changes and future treatment strategies of obesity-associated female stress urinary incontinence: a narrative review

With the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide, obesity-related female stress urinary incontinence (FSUI) has become a key health problem. Recent studies indicated that FSUI is primarily caused by obesity-related pathological changes, such as fat droplet deposition, and results in pelvic floor nerve, vascular, and urethral striated muscle injury. Meanwhile, treatments for obesity-associated FSUI (OA-FSUI) have garnered much attention. Although existing OA-FSUI management strategies, including weight loss, pelvic floor muscle exercise, and urethral sling operation, could play a role in symptomatic relief; they cannot reverse the pathological changes in OA-FSUI. The continued exploration of safe and reliable treatments has led to regenerative therapy becoming a particularly promising area of researches. Specifically, micro-energy, such as low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (Li-ESWT), and pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF), have been shown to restore the underlying pathological changes of OA-FSUI, which might be related by regulation endogenous stem cells (ESCs) to restore urine control function ultimately in animal experiments. Therefore, ESCs may be a target for repairing pathological changes of OA-FSUI. The aim of this review was to summarize the OA-FSUI-related pathogenesis, current treatments, and to discuss potential therapeutic options. In particular, this review is focused on the effects and related mechanisms of micro-energy therapy for OA-FSUI to provide a reference for future basically and clinical researches.     

腮腺肿瘤切除术的美容考虑与处理

目的:探讨小切口在腮腺良性肿瘤切除术中的临床应用、美学处理及利用腮腺残端组织修复组织缺损的方法。方法:选择肿瘤直径<2cm,发生在腮腺下极良性肿瘤患者32例,采用下颌升支后缘切口,解剖面神经下颌缘支及下颊支,保留腮腺导管,行腮腺肿瘤及区域性腮腺切除术,用腮腺残端组织瓣转移修复下颌后区组织缺损。结果:32例患者术后伤口愈合良好,随访2年,无术后复发及味觉出汗综合征患者,瘢痕短,局部凹陷不明显,无永久性面瘫发生。结论:针对发生在腮腺下极且直径<2cm的良性肿瘤,经小切口切除肿瘤,用腮腺残端组织转移修复缺损的手术方式,减少了手术创伤及并发症,改善局部组织凹陷,获得满意的手术效果和美学效果。     

高频超声与磁共振对急性外伤性髌骨外侧脱位的对比研究

目的比较分析高频超声与磁共振(MRI)对急性外伤性髌骨外侧脱位的诊断价值。方法对33例临床证实急性外伤性髌骨外侧脱位的高频超声和MRI资料,以手术结果为金标准,计算高频超声、MRI诊断各种伴随伤的敏感性、特异性和准确性,比较两种检查方法的有效性。结果与手术结果比较,高频超声、MRI诊断MPFL部分撕裂的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为85.7%、85.7%,94.7%、89.5%,90.9%、87.9%;诊断MPFL完全撕裂的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为94.7%、89.5%,85.7%、85.7%,90.9%、87.9%。高频超声、MRI诊断关节软骨Ⅱ级损伤的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为36.4%、81.8%,85%、100%,67.7%、93.5%。高频超声、MRI诊断关节软骨Ⅲ级损伤的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为81.8%、90.9%,85%、90%,83.9%、90.3%;高频超声、MRI诊断关节软骨Ⅳ级损伤的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为100%、100%,90.9%、95.5%,93.5%、96.8%。高频超声对MPFL撕裂、关节软骨损伤的诊断与MRI比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高频超声检查与MRI检查同样能对急性外伤性髌骨外侧脱位的各种伴随损伤明确诊断和准确分级,是一种简单可靠、快捷并可重复的诊断方法,可作为急性外伤性髌骨外侧脱位的常规检查方法。     

区域性空中医疗救护体系构建

目的探讨构建区域性空中医疗救护体系的必要性、可行性和体系构建后的运行。方法综合分析外军及联合国维和部队空中救护体系,参考我国灾害救援中的有关经验。结果指挥系统、区域性医疗救援中心、运输工具、空中医疗救援队及现场分类救援力量是该体系构建的重点。结论区域性空中医疗救护体系是未来的一个重点方向。