喉癌患者不同手术方式临床疗效及预后影响因素的探究

目的 探讨喉癌患者不同手术方式的临床疗效及预后影响因素.方法 以本院2008年1月～2011年1月收治的60例喉癌手术治疗患者为研究对象,根据手术方式的不同分为全切除组及部分切除组,比较两组患者的3年生存率及术后早期生活质量,分析影响喉癌患者预后水平的危险因素.结果 两组患者3年生存率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,部分切除组患者术后早期生活质量高于全切除组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.单因素分析结果显示,年龄、术前是否存在淋巴结转移、TNM分期情况及患者术后早期生活质量是影响患者预后水平的主要因素.结论 部分喉癌切除术在治疗喉癌中,与全切除术生存率相近,但术后早期生活质量较高;年龄、术前是否存在淋巴结转移、TNM分期情况及患者术后早期生活质量是影响预后的主要因素.     

Vitrectomy for retained lens fragments in the vitreous after phacoemulsification

PURPOSE: To assess the visual results, retinal detachment (RD) rate, incidence of glaucoma, and intraocular lens (IOL) placement after vitrectomy for removal of retained lens fragments in the vitreous after phacoemulsification. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Lund, Lund, Sweden. METHODS: This retrospective noncomparative interventional case series included all cases of pars plana vitrectomy for removal of retained lens fragments from January 1997 through January 2000. RESULTS: Sixty-six eyes of 65 patients had pars plana vitrectomy with removal of the lens material over the 3-year period. Visual acuity on presentation was 0.1 or worse in 36 eyes (54%). Visual acuity after vitrectomy was 0.5 or better in 35 eyes (53%). The postoperative visual acuity was worse than 0.1 in 14 eyes (21%). Twenty-seven (56%) of the 48 eyes operated on within 1 week and 8 (44%) of the 18 eyes operated on later achieved a visual acuity of 0.5 or better. Twelve eyes (80%) that had secondary posterior chamber IOL implantation achieved an acuity of 0.5 or better. An RD occurred in 7 eyes (11%). CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistically significant difference in outcomes between those having vitrectomy the first few days after cataract surgery and those having it later, although there was a trend toward better results when the vitrectomy was done sooner. Secondary IOL implantation resulted in a good visual outcome. Retinal detachment was the most severe complication.     

SV40T抗原真核表达载体的构建及表达

目的:构建SV40T抗原的特异性真核表达载体,并导入胃癌细胞株SGC7901进行表达鉴定.方法:扩增小鼠H /K ATPase β亚基启动子,与pMT18-T载体相连,并将其亚克隆至真核表达载体 pcDNA3.1(-),构建pcDNA3.1(-)/HK; 从含有SV40T基因的pLITAg质粒酶切回收SV40T基因,与pcDNA3.1(-)/HK相连,构建胃壁细胞特异性表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)/HKSV,同时构建非特异性表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)/SV,进行酶切及测序鉴定.用脂质体转染的方法将构建的载体导入胃癌细胞株SGC7901,PCR扩增基因组DNA,RT-PCR检测SV40T mRNA的表达.结果:限制性内切酶分析与测序结果显示,真核表达载体pcDNA3.1/HKSK构建成功;转染该载体的SGC7901细胞可检测到SV40T基因DNA的存在,且有SV40T mRNA的表达.结论:特异性表达SV40T基因的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)/HKSV构建成功.     

盐酸米诺环素合成工艺研究

目的 优化抗感染药物和关键中间体盐酸米诺环素的合成工艺.方法 以盐酸去甲基金霉素为原料通过还原、碘代和Stille偶联反应得到目标产物.结果 目标产物经过核磁共振氢谱和质谱确认化学结构,总收率为40％,纯度为98.5％.结论 经过该合成工艺操作简单,产品纯度高,且易于实现工业化.     

蕲蛇抗栓酶注射液稳定性的研究

为获取对蕲蛇抗栓酶(acutobin)注射液的酶活有保护作用且使制剂稳定的保护剂配方，本实验设计了7个单方及四组正交实验共16个保护剂处方．以加入保护剂的蕲蛇抗栓酶为样品，未加保护剂的为空白对照．在37℃温度加速实验下，间隔一定时间观测蕲蛇抗栓酶制剂的酶活及澄明度的变化。结果，单方氨基酸和小肽类的加入使酶活力保存率提高，而多元醇类的加入使澄明度得到改善；复方保护剂的加入对蕲蛇抗栓酶的保护作用不明显。     

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??OBJECTIVE To investigate the influencing mechanism of the particle size of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) on the release behavior of nifedipine from a sustained-release tablet system based on the compaction properties of HPMC. METHODS The compaction properties of HPMC K4M of different particle sizes were determined. Hydrophilic matrix sustained-release tablets were prepared using nifedipine as the active ingredient and HPMC K4M as a hydrophilic matrix former. The effect of compaction properties of HPMC K4M on the porosity, release, and other properties of nifedipine hydrophilic matrix sustained-release tablets were also studied. RESULTS The decrease of the particle size of HPMC K4M resulted in higher bulk density, tap density, compressibility index, and tensile strength and smaller elastic recovery of HPMC K4M, which all led to the decrease of thickness and porosity and the increase of HPMC concentration per unit volume of nifedipine hydrophilic matrix sustained-release tablets. These factors resulted in faster gelation rate of nifedipine sustained-release tablets and decreased water ingress and polymer swelling, so the release of nifedipine from the delivery system was prolonged. CONCLUSION The obviously different compaction properties of HPMC of different particle sizes influence the porosity and gelation rate and then the release of hydrophilic matrix nifedipine sustained-release tablets.     

桂枝饮片标准汤剂质量标准研究

目的制备桂枝饮片标准汤剂,并进行质量标准研究。方法依照标准汤剂的制备要求,制备15批桂枝饮片标准汤剂,以肉桂酸作为定量检测指标,计算转移率与出膏率,并建立其HPLC指纹图谱分析方法。结果通过对15批桂枝标准汤剂进行测定,肉桂酸转移率为56.93%~94.06%,出膏率为3.30%~9.40%;并用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012A)软件进行指纹图谱分析,标定了9个共有峰,确认4个,分别为原茶儿酸(1号峰)、香豆素(4号峰)、肉桂酸(6号峰)、桂皮醛(7号峰)。对15批桂枝饮片标准汤剂分别进行了相似度评价,其相似度均高于0.95。结论建立了桂枝饮片标准汤剂指纹图谱,该方法精密度、稳定性和重复性良好,具有一定的鉴别意义,可为桂枝配方颗粒的质量控制提供参考。     

Endometrial expression of vasopressin, oxytocin and their receptors in patients with primary dysmenorrhoea and healthy volunteers at ovulation

OBJECTIVE: To investigate gene expressions for neurohypophyseal and ovarian hormones as well as their receptors in the endometrium of women with primary dysmenorrhoea and healthy subjects at ovulation. STUDY DESIGN: A group of eight women with moderate to severe dysmenorrhoea and eight healthy subjects were compared in parallel between 18 and 35 years of age, regularly menstruating, non-overweight and nulliparous. The study was performed at The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Lund, Sweden. Endometrial biopsies were taken around the time of ovulation, which was determined by repeated ultrasound examinations. Receptor and gene expressions for oxytocin and vasopressin in the tissue were measured. RESULTS: The gene expression for oxytocin receptor was significantly lower in dysmenorrhoic than in healthy women, in median 1.21 and 3.44 oxytocin-receptor/actin, respectively (p=0.048). The expressions for oxytocin peptide, vasopressin V1a receptor, oestrogen receptor alpha, beta and progesterone receptor did not differ between the two groups. Expression of vasopressin peptide was not detectable. CONCLUSION: A lower oxytocin receptor gene expression at mid-cycle could be involved in the aetiology of primary dysmenorrhoea. However, the importance of a paracrine effect of oxytocin and its receptor at ovulation warrants further investigation.