Chromopeptide A,a highly cytotoxic depsipeptide from the marine sediment-derived bacterium Chromobacterium sp. HS-13-94

A bicyclic depsipeptide, chromopeptide A (1), was isolated from a deep-sea-derived bacterium Chromobacterium sp. HS-13-94. Its structure was determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis and by comparison with a related known compound. The absolute configuration of chromopeptide A was established by X-ray diffraction analysis employing graphite monochromated Mo K_α radiation (λ=0.71073 Å) with small Flack parameter 0.03. Chromopeptide A suppressed the proliferation of HL-60, K-562, and Ramos cells with average IC₅₀ values of 7.7, 7.0, and 16.5 nmol/L, respectively.KEY WORDS: Chromopeptide A, Bacterium, Depsipeptide, Absolute configuration, Marine-derived, Sediments, Cytotoxicity, Chromobacterium sp.     

聚乙二醇滴眼液治疗干眼症30例

目的探讨聚乙二醇滴眼液治疗干眼症的临床疗效。方法选择2011年10月至2013年4月收治的干眼症患者60例(120只眼),随机分成对照组30例(60只眼),治疗组30例(60只眼)。对照组给予热敷、睑板腺按摩及玻璃酸钠滴眼液,4次/日,治疗组同时联合聚乙二醇滴眼液,4次/日。结果治疗后1,2,4周较治疗前泪膜破裂时间及泪液分泌试验(SchirmerⅠ)均明显增加(P<0.05);治疗组和对照组比较,泪膜破裂时间显著延长,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);SchirmerⅠ治疗组较对照组明显增加,但无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论聚乙二醇滴眼液治疗干眼症疗效显著,可有效促进患者泪膜恢复、缓解干眼症状,保持泪膜的稳定性。     

帕瑞昔布超前镇痛对腹部手术患者围术期应激反应及术后镇痛的影响

目的观察帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛对腹部手术患者围术期应激反应和术后镇痛的影响。方法选择美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)Ⅰ~Ⅱ级行腹部手术患者100例,随机观察组和对照组,每组50例。两组患者分别在术前30 min单次肌肉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg和相同容积的0.9%氯化钠注射液2 m L。两组患者分别在注射前10 min(T1)、手术开始后30 min(T2)、60 min(T3)、术毕即刻(T4)及术后6 h(T5)、12 h(T6)抽取静脉血样,测定各时点肾上腺素(E)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、皮质醇(Cor)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)的血浆浓度。结果与对照组比较,观察组在T2及T3时点血浆E和NE浓度显著降低(P<0.01),在T2,T3,T4时点血浆Cor浓度显著降低(P<0.01),在T2,T3,T 4,T5时点血浆ACTH浓度显著降低(P<0.01)。与对照组比较,观察组在术后1,2,6,12,24 h疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)降低(P<0.05)。结论腹部手术前预先给予帕瑞昔布钠可产生良好的超前镇痛效果,减少手术患者围术期应激激素的释放,提高术后镇痛质量,有利于术后恢复。     

锁定钢板与动力髋螺钉治疗老年股骨粗隆粉碎性骨折疗效分析

目的：评价锁定钢板治疗股骨粗隆粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法对我科2009年至2013年就诊的115例老年股骨粗隆粉碎性骨折患者随机分为：观察组58例应用锁定钢板;对照组57例应用动力髋螺钉,手术后通过至少6个月的观察和随访并进行Sanders髋关节等级评分,比较分析其临床治疗效果。结果观察组总满意率为96.6%（56/58）,对照组78.9%（51/57）,有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。结论锁定钢板治疗股骨粗隆粉碎性骨折疗效比较确切,具有良好的临床应用价值,值得借鉴和推广。     

急性冠脉综合症患者住院期和出院后脑卒中的患病危险因素研究--GRACE研究

背景脑卒中是急性心肌梗塞的一个重要并发症,但有关急性冠脉综合症(acutecoronarysyndrome,ACS)患者中脑卒中的发生率和结局的报道很少。本研究探讨了ACS患者发生出血性和非出血性脑卒中的危险因素。方法和结果研究对象为急性冠脉事件全球性登记研究(GlobalRegistry0fAcuteCoronaryEvents,GRACE)入选的35,233名ACS患者。住院期间发生脑卒中310冽(0.9%),其中100例死亡(占32.6%)。ST段抬高的心肌梗塞患者住院期间的脑卒中发生率显著高于非ST段抬高的心肌梗塞患者以及不稳定型心绞痛(分别为1.3%,0.9%,0.5%;P<0.001)。有35.50A,的脑卒中发生在入院6天内。增加住院期间非出血性卒中的最重要危险因素是冠脉搭桥术(CABG),其次是住院期间发生房颤、脑卒中史、谷草转氨酶和高龄。服用他汀类药物是一个保护因素。校正混杂因素后,脑卒中显著增加ACS患者的住院死亡率达8.3倍(95%可信区间:6.0-11.4)。出院后的ACS患者发生脑卒中者有269例(占1.1%),其中56例死亡(占20.9%)。住院期间发生过脑卒中是增加出院后脑卒中的最重要危险因素。结论脑卒中在ACS患者中的发生率并不高,但有很高的死亡率。出院后脑卒中的发生率也较高,因此有待采取新措施以降低ACS患者发生脑卒中的危险。简介:GRACE研究-GlobalRegistryofAcuteCoronaryEvents,急性冠脉事件全球性登记研究,是一项国际多中心针对ACS患者进行的登记研究,随访6个月。研究设计为非随机化的观察性研究,研究者为FoxKAA,GoodmanSG,KleinW,etal.GRACE研究主要研究急性冠脉综合征的对策,不同治疗措施及其临床后果的差异,为急性冠脉综合征患者提供充分有力的人群水平的治疗资料。     

剖宫产术后再次妊娠经阴道分娩的临床观察

目的探讨剖宫产术后再次妊娠经阴道分娩(vaginal birth after cesarean,VBAC)的可行性。方法选取2010~2012年江苏省海门市中医院98例VBAC孕妇为观察组,选取同期住院的96例初产妇为对照组,分析比较两组产妇在分娩结局、围产儿结局、并发症上的差异。结果观察组分娩成功率[57.1%(56/98)]、分娩时间(9.9±0.6)h、并发症发生率[7.1%(7/98)]、产时出血量(281.9±13.4)m L、新生儿窒息发生率[2.0%(2/98)]、产妇满意率[96.9%(95/98)]等方面与对照组[分别为59.4%(57/96)、(9.7±0.7)h、5.2%(5/96)、(284.5±12.3)m L、3.1%(3/96)、94.8%(91/96)]比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论严格按照适应证选择,剖宫产术后瘢痕子宫再次妊娠经阴道分娩是可行的。     

Strawberry Phytochemicals Inhibit Azoxymethane/Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colorectal Carcinogenesis in Crj: CD-1 Mice

Human and experimental colon carcinogenesis are enhanced by a pro-inflammatory microenvironment. Pharmacologically driven chemopreventive agents and dietary variables are hypothesized to have future roles in the prevention of colon cancer by targeting these processes. The current study was designed to determine the ability of dietary lyophilized strawberries to inhibit inflammation-promoted colon carcinogenesis in a preclinical animal model. Mice were given a single i.p. injection of azoxymethane (10 mg kg⁻¹ body weight). One week after injection, mice were administered 2% (w/v) dextran sodium sulfate in drinking water for seven days and then an experimental diet containing chemically characterized lyophilized strawberries for the duration of the bioassay. Mice fed control diet, or experimental diet containing 2.5%, 5.0% or 10.0% strawberries displayed tumor incidence of 100%, 64%, 75% and 44%, respectively (p < 0.05). The mechanistic studies demonstrate that strawberries reduced expression of proinflammatory mediators, suppressed nitrosative stress and decreased phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase and nuclear factor kappa B. In conclusion, strawberries target proinflammatory mediators and oncogenic signaling for the preventive efficacies against colon carcinogenesis in mice. This works supports future development of fully characterized and precisely controlled functional foods for testing in human clinical trials for this disease.     

Bilateral Adie’s Tonic Pupil and Hyperopic Shift in Idiopathic Sclerochoroidal Calcification

Sclerochoroidal calcification is a rare but recognised ophthalmic manifestation seen mostly in elderly Caucasian individuals. The lesions, often bilateral, appear as yellow-white irregular subretinal lesions usually found along the mid-peripheral fundus. Though typically asymptomatic, sclerochoroidal calcification has rarely been associated with parafoveal involvement, choroidal neovascularisation, and serous detachment of the calcifications. Visual involvement is typically minimal, and neovascularisation is often visually insignificant. We present a rare case of sclerochoroidal calcification in a 64-year-old Caucasian female who presented with painless progressive bilateral vision loss and a hyperoptic shift with subsequent development of bilateral sequential Adie’s tonic pupil. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such report in the English language literature.