中药脑肺康对地鼠实验性肺气肿及肺动脉高压的防治作用

目的 观察中药肺康对缺氧性肺动脉高压和肺气肿的防治效果并探讨其作用机制。方法 以弹性蛋白酶溶液滴注入金黄地鼠气管内,正常饲养３０ｄ后,常压下缺氧１５ｄ,分别设立中药脑肺康预防组、治疗组、肺气肿＋缺氧组及正常对照组。于处死动物前,测量平均肺动脉压,取静脉血进行循环内皮细胞计数;处死后测量右心肥大指数,光镜下计数左侧肺支气管肺泡灌洗液内细胞总数,对右侧肺进行光镜图像分析。结果 中药脑肺康预防组和治疗３     

Actual half-life of alpha-fetoprotein as a prognostic tool in pediatric malignant tumors

In a retrospective study, the prognostic value of monitoring the decay of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was assessed. Serum AFP was determined serially in 18 children with malignant germ-cell or hepatic tumors: 7 endodermal sinus tumor, 3 embryonal carcinoma, 5 malignant teratoma, 2 hepatoblastomas, and 1 hepatocellular carcinoma. The actual half-life (AHL) of AFP was computed after surgical resection of the tumor. In group 1, which had complete resection and no recurrence during follow-up (n = 13), the AHL of AFP was 4.0 ± 0.9 days. In group 2, which had incomplete resection or recurrence during follow-up (n = 5), the AHL of AFP was 24.8 ± 20 days, significantly longer than that of group 1 (P = 0.0026). The increased AHL of AFP indicated residual active tumor after surgical resection. The AHL of AFP may be more sensitive than serial monitoring of AFP in detecting preclinical recurrence after surgical resection of AFP-secreting tumors. Treatment strategies can be based on AFP clearance, and prospective clinical trials are warranted.     

参龙降压灵对自发性高血压大鼠血压及血浆ET、CGRP含量的影响

目的与方法本实验观察了中药制剂参龙降压灵对自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ）血压、血浆内皮素（ＥＴ）及降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）含量及心室结构的影响,并与尼群地平（ｎｉｆｅｄｉｐｉｎ）及牛黄降压丸作对比。结果各给药组给药１－８周后血压均比ＳＨＲ对照组明显降低（Ｐ＜０.０５－０.０１）,给药６周后参龙降压灵大剂量组血压下降幅度最大,效果优于小剂量组及其他两给药组（Ｐ＜０．０５－０．０１）。各给药组心室结构各参数多有降低,虽无统计学意义（可能例数较少）,但已显示出心室肥厚逆转的趋势。各给药组ＳＨＲ血浆ＥＴ含量均有明显降低,ＣＧＲＰ含量升高（Ｐ＜０.０５－０.０１）,而大剂量参龙降压灵作用更显著,与Ｗｉｓｔａｒ正常组大鼠含量接近。结论参龙降压灵降低ＳＨＲ血压作用确实,有逆转心室肥厚趋势及调节血浆ＥＴ和ＣＧＲＰ含量的作用,且有一定的量效关系。     

Nutritional origins of insulin resistance: a rat model for diabetes-prone human populations

While there has been little success identifying the genetic bases of noninsulin-dependent (type-2) diabetes, current epidemiological data and animal models implicate fetal undernutrition in the development of type-2 diabetes. We examined the effects of fetal undernutrition on insulin responses and glucose tolerance in adulthood in genetically normal rats. Control rats were adequately nourished in utero and consumed nutritionally adequate (N) diets throughout life. Experimental rats (F1 generation) were undernourished in utero and consumed either N or high-energy, high-fat (HF) diets postweaning. The offspring of the experimental rats (F2 generation) received the respective diets of their parent. Body weights of experimental F1 rats at d 4 were 40% less than that of control pups, and they remained significantly smaller than controls throughout adulthood. The experimental F1 rats consuming N diets postweaning had a reduced insulin response (-30%) at 30-min postglucose challenge in adulthood (P > 0.05). However, their offspring (F2 generation) displayed a markedly elevated insulin response [+80% at 30 min (P < 0.05) and + 230% at 120 min (P < 0.001) postglucose challenge]. The insulin response of the F2 generation rats fed the high-energy, HF diet was even more pronounced [+130% at 30 min (P < 0.003) and + 250% at 120 min (P < 0.001) postglucose challenge]. Thus, undernourishment in utero produces striking insulin resistance in genetically normal, well-nourished second-generation rats.     

Human papillomavirus, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus infections for cervical cancer in Taiwan

Previously, we had reviewed 43 cases of invasive cancers, adenosquamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma for HPV type infections. With the same cases we extended the investigation to cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. Results show that the prevalence of CMV and HSV infections from these cases of cervical carcinoma was 67 and 76%, respectively, by polymerase chain reaction. The results of the analysis of the association of HPV, CMV and HSV with various clinical characteristics of cervical cancer patients indicated that the correlation between HSV infections and clinical stages of squamous carcinoma was marginally significant (P=0.068). HSV infections seemed to have a higher association with cell keratinization pattern as compared with the other two viral infections.     

溶菌酶和乳铁蛋白在慢性鼻窦炎钩突粘膜中的表达

目的 了解钩突在局部防御慢性炎症过程中的作用。方法 采用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法，检测溶菌酶（ＬＺ）和乳铁蛋白（ＬＦ）在１７侧健康和７０侧慢性鼻窦炎患者（分为单纯炎症组和合并鼻息肉组）钩突粘膜中的表达情况。结果 ①ＬＺ在单纯炎症组钩突粘膜杯状细胞中表达较健康对照组加强（Ｐ〈０．０５）；ＬＦ在健康和慢性鼻窦炎钩突杯状细胞中常为阴性表达；②ＬＺ在健康和慢性鼻窦炎钩突粘膜腺体的浆液性和粘液性细胞中均有表达；ＬＦ     

中药“二黄”滴耳剂治疗急慢性化脓性中耳炎的临床观察(附1000例分析)

本文总结了“二黄”滴耳剂治疗急慢性中耳炎1000例，结果表明总有效率为89％，尤其对急性化脓性中耳炎效果更为明显，与其它抗生素相比具有很多优点。抗菌谱广，对革兰氏阳性菌及革兰氏阴性菌、病毒都有一定作用，低浓度抑菌，高浓度杀菌，不易产生抗药性及过敏反应，对第八对脑神经无毒性，价格低廉应用方便优于任何一种抗生素。     

慢性扁桃体炎患者血清超氧化物歧化酶活力,丙二醛含量测？…

对慢性扁桃体炎、扁桃体摘除术前１ｄ及术后１周患者血清超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活力、丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量进行了测定。结果示扁桃体炎患者血清Ｔ－ＳＯＤ、Ｍｎ＝ＳＯＤ、ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ活力降低，ＭＤＡ含量增加，与正常对照组比较差异非常显著；术后１周血清Ｔ－ＳＯＤ活力较术前１ｄ明显增加，ＭＤＡ含量下降与术前１ｄ比较均有非常显著差异，提示扁桃体摘除术可使慢性扁桃体炎患者ＭＤＡ含量降低、ＳＯＤ活力增加。     

彩色多普勒组织显像在小儿病毒性心肌炎诊断中的应用

本文报告用彩色多普勒组织显像(DTI)测定正常小儿173名,病毒性心肌炎40例,发现DTI在正常小儿的规律。病毒性心肌炎二尖瓣环舒张早期运动速度(MVR-DeV)显著低于正常儿童,40例病毒性心肌炎MVR-DeV降低者占72.5％,经过治疗后MVR-DeV90％以上短期内恢复正常。MVR-DeV降低率显著高于心脏解剖、心功能、心脏血流参数、心电图和心肌酶的异常率。因此,MVR-DeV对病毒性心肌炎的诊断、病情了解以及疗效观察均有重要价值。     

血清α—L—岩藻糖苷酶诊断原发性肝细胞癌

目的通过观察血清α-L-岩藻糖昔酶（AFU）活性水平在原发性肝细胞癌（HCC）患者与肝硬化、肝炎及其他恶性肿瘤患者中的变化，评价其在HCC诊断中的价值。方法对44例HCC、18例肝硬化、36例肝炎和30例其他恶性肿瘤患者测定血清AFU活性水平。部分HCC患者曾经接受经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TAE）。结果对照组平均血清AFU活性水平为150．39±35．34nKat／L，HCC组280．11±148．15nKat／L，肝硬化组、肝炎组及其他肿瘤组分别为248．89±68．82、196．67±79.61、168.93±49．89nKat／L。HCC组与对照组及肝炎组、其他肿瘤组之间存在明显差别，但与肝硬化组有部分重叠。结论AFU可作为肿瘤标志物用于诊断HCC与AFP及超声等联合参照应用。