广州市外籍人员网络社交特征及临时性行为的相关因素分析

目的 分析广州市外籍人员的社会支持、网络社交、性行为特征及相关因素,为有效开展外籍人员干预活动提供参考依据。方法 采用横断面调查研究设计,在2019年11月至2020年1月,对符合标准的研究对象采用线下和线上相结合的方式开展调查,收集人口学特征、社会支持、网络社交行为、性行为等信息。采用统计学方法对可能影响临时性行为的因素进行分析。结果 纳入研究的434名外籍人员中,线下调查241人,线上调查193人。男性占68.4%（297/434）;年龄（31.0±8.8）岁;来源地为非洲地区的占79.0%（343/434）;经商占46.5%（202/434）,学生占48.2%（209/434）;在中国有生意伙伴、家人陪伴的比例分别为59.4%（258/434）和28.1%（122/434）;在中国有关系密切的朋友<10人的比例为57.1%（248/434）;每日使用社交软件时间为1~3 h的占43.3%（188/434）;最近3个月发生临时性行为占15.2%（55/363）。Logistic多元回归分析结果显示,与每日使用社交软件时间<1 h者相比,>6 h者更有可能最近3个月发生临时性行为（OR=3.63,95%CI：1.31~10.08）。结论 广州市外籍人员中每日使用社交软件时间较长者更有可能发生临时性行为。合理运用社交软件进行艾滋病宣传教育可促进外籍人员的健康意识。     

Metabolism studies on hydroxygenkwanin and genkwanin in human liver microsomes by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS

Hydroxygenkwanin (HYGN) and genkwanin (GN) are major constituents of Genkwa Flos for the treatment of edema, ascites, cough, asthma and cancer. This is a report about the investigation of the metabolic fate of HYGN and GN in human liver microsomes and the recombinant UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS). An on-line data acquisition method multiple mass defect filter (MMDF) combined with dynamic background subtraction (DBS) was developed to trace all probable metabolites. Based on this analytical strategy, three phase I metabolites and seven glucuronide conjugation metabolites of HYGN, seven phase I metabolites and 12 glucuronide conjugation metabolites of GN were identified in the incubation samples of human liver microsomes. The results indicated that demethylation, hydroxylation and o-glucuronidation were main metabolic pathways of HYGN and GN. The specific UGT enzymes responsible for HYGN and GN glucuronidation metabolites were identified using recombinant UGT enzymes. The results indicated that UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A9, UGT1A10 and UGT2B7 might play major roles in the glucuronidation reactions. Overall, this study may be useful for the investigation of metabolic mechanism of HYGN and GN, and it can provide reference and evidence for further experiments.     

国产重组人促卵泡激素在辅助生殖技术控制性超促排卵的临床应用

目的评价国产重组人促卵泡激素(recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone,rhFSH)用于辅助生殖技术(assisted reproductive technology,ART)控制性超促排卵(controlled ovarian hyperstimulation,COH)的有效性及安全性。方法本试验采用多中心、随机、双盲、阳性平行对照、非劣效研究方法,于2017年7月至2019年6月间选取6家生殖医学中心纳入卵巢储备正常的不孕女性进行ART的COH治疗。受试者随机分为试验组(国产rhFSH,n=134)和对照组(进口rhFSH,n=133),研究过程中因各种因素排除受试者共8例,试验组7例,对照组1例,最终依照研究方案完成试验的受试者试验组127例,对照组132例。比较两组受试者COH周期中获得的卵母细胞总数、rhFSH用药情况、卵母细胞受精率、优质胚胎数、临床妊娠率、活产率、新生儿情况及不良反应发生率等指标。结果试验组和对照组在COH周期中获得的卵母细胞总数分别为(13.0±5.8)枚和(12.9±5.7)枚,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在82例卵胞质内单精子显微注射(intracytoplasmic sperm injection,ICSI)受试者中,试验组(39例)获得MII卵母细胞数[(9.9±3.9)枚]显著高于对照组(43例)[(7.5±3.0)枚,P=0.003];卵母细胞受精率试验组[63.82%(1048/1642)]显著高于对照组[56.19%(958/1705),P<0.001]。rhFSH用药时间和总量、优质胚胎数、临床妊娠率、早产率、活产率、新生儿异常发生率、新生儿体质量、Apgar评分等两组间差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);治疗期间卵巢过度刺激综合征(ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome,OHSS)和其他不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05),且均为进口rhFSH已知的不良反应。结论在卵巢储备正常的不孕女性中使用相同卵巢刺激治疗方案,国产rhFSH有效性及安全性与进口rhFSH相当。     

调强放疗联合周剂量顺铂治疗老年人食管癌临床疗效观察

目的：观察调强放疗联合周剂量顺铂治疗老年人食管癌的近期疗效和毒副反应。方法将60例局部晚期老年食管癌患者采用数字表法随机分为同步放化疗组（ CRT组）30例和单纯放疗组（ RT组）30例,两组均采用6MV－X射线调强放疗,放疗剂量：DT 60 Gy／30次／6周。 CRT组在放疗第2天开始给予顺铂20～25 mg／m^2,1次／周,共6次。结果 CRT组、RT组近期有效率分别为80．0％、63．3％,差异有统计学意义（χ^2＝5．934,P＜0．05）。不良反应主要为骨髓抑制、放射性食管炎,基本为Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,两组不良反应差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论调强放疗联合周剂量顺铂治疗老年人食管癌近期疗效显著,不良反应轻,患者耐受性好,值得临床推广。     

Foxtail Millet Improves Blood Glucose Metabolism in Diabetic Rats through PI3K/AKT and NF-κB Signaling Pathways Mediated by Gut Microbiota

Foxtail millet (FM) is receiving ongoing increased attention due to its beneficial health effects, including the hypoglycemic effect. However, the underlying mechanisms of the hypoglycemic effect have been underexplored. In the present study, the hypoglycemic effect of FM supplementation was confirmed again in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with significantly decreased fasting glucose (FG), glycated serum protein, and areas under the glucose tolerance test (p < 0.05). We employed 16S rRNA and liver RNA sequencing technologies to identify the target gut microbes and signaling pathways involved in the hypoglycemic effect of FM supplementation. The results showed that FM supplementation significantly increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Ruminococcus_2, which were significantly negatively correlated with FG and 2-h glucose. FM supplementation significantly reversed the trends of gene expression in diabetic rats. Specifically, FM supplementation inhibited gluconeogenesis, stimulated glycolysis, and restored fatty acid synthesis through activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. FM also reduced inflammation through inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Spearman’s correlation analysis indicated a complicated set of interdependencies among the gut microbiota, signaling pathways, and metabolic parameters. Collectively, the above results suggest that the hypoglycemic effect of FM was at least partially mediated by the increased relative abundance of Lactobacillus, activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway.     

Increasing sexually transmitted infection rates in young men having sex with men in the Netherlands, 2006–2012

Background

Men having sex with men (MSM) remain the largest high-risk group involved in on-going transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STI), including HIV, in the Netherlands. As risk behaviour may change with age, it is important to explore potential heterogeneity in risks by age. To improve our understanding of this epidemic, we analysed the prevalence of and risk factors for selected STI in MSM attending STI clinics in the Netherlands by age group.

Methods

Analysis of data from the national STI surveillance system for the period 2006–2012. Selected STI were chlamydia, gonorrhoea, infectious syphilis and/or a new HIV infection. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with these selected STI and with overall STI positivity. Analyses were done separately for MSM aged younger than 25 years and MSM aged 25 years and older.

Results

In young MSM a significant increase in positivity rate was seen over time (p?<?0.01), mainly driven by increasing gonorrhoea diagnoses, while in MSM aged 25 and older a significant decrease was observed (p?<?0.01). In multivariate analyses for young MSM, those who were involved in commercial sex were at higher risk (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2-1.9). For MSM aged 25 years and older this was not the case. Having a previous negative HIV test was protective among older MSM compared to those not tested for HIV before (OR: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.8-0.8), but not among younger MSM.

Conclusions

MSM visiting STI clinics remain a high-risk group for STI infections and transmission, but are not a homogenous group. While in MSM aged older than 25 years, STI positivity rate is decreasing, positivity rate in young MSM increased over time. Therefore specific attention needs to be paid towards targeted counselling and reaching particular MSM sub-groups, taken into account different behavioural profiles.

     

江苏省正常人群破伤风抗体水平监测

用间接血凝法检测了江苏省862名0～39岁正常人的破伤风抗体,结果显示：破伤风抗体阳性率为77．26％,平均抗毒素为0．0543IU／ml,比1985年有极显著提高。不同年龄组中以2～4岁平均抗毒素和保护率最高,3月龄最低,18岁以后随着年龄增长抗体阳性率下降到75％．育龄期妇女抗体阳性率为75．49％,21～30岁生育高峰年龄抗体阳性率仅为69．67％．江苏省南北不同地区人群破伤风免疫水平的差异有极显著的统计学意义,不同性别间差异无显著的统计学意义．     

电针内关对缺血再灌注损伤大鼠心肌肌浆网钙泵活性及mRNA表达的影响

目的：观察电针内关对缺血再灌注损伤大鼠心肌SERCA活性及其基因表达的影响,并以神门穴、合谷穴作对比研究。方法：实验分为假手术组、心肌缺血再灌注模型组（模型组）、电针内关组、电针神门组、电针合谷组,用无机磷比色法测定SERCA活性、RT-PCR法分析SERCA基因表达。结果：与假手术组比,模型组SERCA活性及其基因表达均有非常显著性差异（P〈0.01）,电针内关组、电针神门组与模型组比较差异有显著性（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,电针内关组优于电针神门组（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。结论：电针内关上调心肌SERCA基因表达,增强SERCA活性是实现对再灌注损伤心肌组织保护作用的途径之一。电针内关与电针神门两组疗效差异说明经穴对靶器官机制调节作用与经脉（穴）脏腑间的特异联系密不可分。     

白酒中敌敌畏的固相微萃取

用大口径毛细管柱气相色谱法、氢焰离子化检测器进行分析测定。该方法在０．５～１２ｍｇ／Ｌ浓度范围内有很好的线性关系。相关系数为０．９９８３；最低检测浓度可达０．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ。本方法把样品的萃取浓缩与进样分析一体化完成。整个分析过程不使用任何萃取溶剂