转化医学用于张崇泉学术经验传承探讨

目的：探寻名老中医学术经验的传承模式与其经验方的推广应用模式。方法采用转化医学的研究模式,结合中医学特点,采用从临床到基础（实验）再到临床的研究方式,以前瞻性与回顾性相结合的临床研究方法,运用现代信息技术和手段,采用数据挖掘方法,系统整理张老调补五脏法治疗冠心病、血管性痴呆等老年病的学术经验。结果阐明了张老调补五脏法的理论渊源,提供了张老调补五脏法治疗老年病的理论支撑和临床依据。结论转化医学的研究模式可用于学术经验的总结。     

张仲景禁用下法思路分析

目的探讨下法的使用禁忌,为临床准确选方用药提供有力依据。方法通过对《伤寒论》中与下法有关的110余条原文进行分析,并结合历代医家相关解析,在理解原文的基础上,对禁用下法的情况进行分类和归纳,以揭示张仲景禁用下法的整体思路。结果禁用下法可分3种情况：（1）无向下病势禁用下法;（2）虚症禁用下法;（3）腑实未成禁用下法。结论临床治疗中,需要使用下法时,应在排除禁忌情况的前提下,综合分析疾病的病势、病位及患者的虚实情况后方可选方用药。     

Ⅲa期非小细胞肺癌新辅助化疗的疗效分析及应用价值

背景与目的 新辅助化疗应用于可手术切除的Ⅲa期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者的确切疗效及安全性尚存争议.本研究旨在探讨新辅助化疗对可手术切除Ⅲa期NSCLC患者的近期疗效,并分析其与术后并发症的相关性.方法 根据纳入及排除标准,回顾性分析2011年1月-2013年10月重庆医科大学附属第一医院收治的明确临床诊断为Ⅲa期NSCLC 370例患者完整资料,根据术前是否接受新辅助化疗分为两组,其中A组为新辅助化疗+手术组97例,B组为直接手术组273例,比较两组患者的临床资料,分析新辅助化疗后肿瘤降期率,并将两组患者的手术情况、术后并发症进行对比,统计两组患者3年无病生存期(disease-free survival,DFS).结果 A组患者新辅助化疗后肿瘤总降期率为65.98%(64/97);两组患者R0切除率分别为96.91%(94/97)和90.48%(247/273),手术时间、术中出血量、术后平均住院日差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后并发症总发生率A组稍高于B组,分别为76.29%(74/97)和72.52%(198/273),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);所有患者术后随访2个月-36个月,中位随访时间12.7个月,两组患者术后总体复发转移率分别为63.92%(62/97)和94.87%(259/273),有统计学差异(P<0.05);A、B两组患者中位DFS分别为19.46个月和11.34个月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001).结论 新辅助化疗可使Ⅲa期NSCLC患者受益,能有效降低肿瘤分期,提高肿瘤切除率,可降低术后局部复发率及远处转移率,提高患者的无进展生存期;且并不明显增加术后并发症的发生率.     

Purine alkaloids from the South China Sea gorgonian Subergorgia suberosa

Four new purine alkaloids, namely, 6-(1'-purine-6',8'-dionyl)suberosanone ( 1), 3,9-(2-imino-1-methyl-4-imidazolidinone-5-yl)isopropenylpurine-6,8-dione ( 2), 1-(3'-carbonylbutyl)purine-6,8-dione ( 3), and 9-(3'-carbonylbutyl)purine-6,8-dione ( 4), together with three known compounds, guanosine ( 5), thymidine ( 6), and adenosine ( 7), were isolated from the EtOH/CH 2Cl 2 extracts of the South China Sea gorgonian Subergorgia suberosa. The structures of 1- 4 were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR data. Compounds 1- 4 all showed weak cytotoxicity toward human cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and A435.     

Thrombophilic mutations in pre-eclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertension

AIM: The aim of the present study was to determine the existence or prevalence of thrombophilic markers such as Factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A, protein S, protein C, activated protein C and anti-thrombin in pre-eclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertensive patients. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from a total number of 124 women at the maternity unit, University of Malaya Medical Center. These included 49 patients with pre-eclampsia, 63 patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension and 12 normal pregnant women. DNA was extracted from the blood samples. Factor V Leiden (Taq I) and prothrombin G20210A (Hind III) genotyping was done on polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Anti-thrombin activity and the concentrations of protein C, protein S and activated protein C were measured using the IL Coagulation System (Hemosil). RESULTS: Of the 124 subjects, one pre-eclampsia patient was homozygous for Factor V Leiden mutation but prothrombin G20210A mutation was not present in any of the subjects. The subject with Factor V Leiden mutation also had a low activated protein C resistance and a low protein S concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Factor V Leiden mutation is present in the Asian population and may very well serve as one of the genetic factors responsible for pre-eclampsia and other adverse pregnancy outcomes.     

双重栓塞支气管动脉治疗大咯血的远期疗效分析

目的评价不同操作程序和材料对栓塞支气管动脉治疗大咯血远期疗效的影响。方法157例大咯血患者,分组采用三步双重栓塞支气管动脉和单纯明胶海绵颗粒栓塞治疗。121例选择经高温处理的明胶海绵微粒、真丝线段、明胶海绵条分三步双重逐级栓塞支气管动脉远端细小分支、小分支及大分子血管,36例患者选择明胶海绵颗粒栓塞治疗。结果两组患者经治疗后随访1~8年,远期止血率为:三步双重栓塞组89.3%,单纯明胶海绵栓塞组72.2%,两组比较有显著性差异(χ2=6.439,P<0.02)。结论采用支气管动脉三步双重栓塞法能明显提高治疗大咯血的远期疗效。     

经直肠三维超声对良性前列腺增生分度的诊断价值

目的探讨经直肠三维超声对良性前列腺增生分度的诊断价值。方法对104例前列腺增生患者应用经直肠三维超声进行常规扫查前列腺,测量前列腺全腺和内腺的上下径、左右径、前后径及前列腺内腺动脉阻力指数;采用三维体积自动测量技术测量前列腺全腺、内腺体积和重量,计算内外腺宽度之比、内外腺厚度之比及移行带指数。结果依据前列腺全腺重量将前列腺增生分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ四组,前列腺内腺重量、移行带指数、内外腺宽度之比、内外腺厚度之比以及前列腺内腺动脉阻力指数在四组间均为Ⅳ>Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅰ(P<0.01),且与前列腺重量呈正相关(P<0.01),是前列腺增生分度较好的指标。结论前列腺体积及形态改变是超声诊断前列腺增生的重要依据,经直肠三维超声可以准确测量前列腺全腺及内腺体积,为前列腺增生分度提供最直观的形态学指标,移行带指数、内外腺宽度之比等前列腺参数有助于前列腺增生的分度。     

实时定量PCR分析B-ALL病人TCRζ链表达特点

分析T细胞信号传导分子TCRζ链基因在B细胞-急性淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)病人外周血中的表达水平.方法:采用SYBR Green Ⅰ荧光定量PCR和相对定量检测15例初发B-ALL、5例完全缓解期(CR)患者和30例正常人外周血的单个核细胞的TCRζ链表达情况,以β2微球蛋白基因(β2M)作为内参,根据相对定量公式(2-△△Ct)分别计算B-ALL初发患者、CR期患者与正常人TCRζ链表达差异倍数等.结果:根据相对定量公式分析显示:与正常人相比,B-ALL初发患者外周血TCRζ链表达存在3种情况,即不表达(20%)、表达下降(53%)和表达上升(27%).TCRζ链表达水平在所有初发B-ALL病人均低于CR期病人.结论:本研究首先报道B-ALL病人中TCRRζ链表达水平的变化特点,TCRζ链基因表达水平以降低为主,可能与T细胞免疫缺陷有一定关系.     

四肢创伤围术期的脂肪栓塞综合征

目的:论述四肢创伤围术期脂肪栓塞综合征的病因、病理、临床表现及防治。方法:查阅关于四肢创伤围术期脂肪栓塞综合征方面的文献,进行总结。结果:脂肪栓塞综合征在四肢多发骨折中应引起临床医师认识和重视。结论:脂肪栓塞综合征防治的关键是防止应激反应发生、低血容量、组织缺氧、骨折早期固定、髓内钉手术进行减压处理及皮质类固醇的应用。     

Association of Vitamin D in Different Trimester with Hemoglobin during Pregnancy

The association between vitamin D and hemoglobin has been suggested. Vitamin D can affect erythropoiesis by the induction of erythroid progenitor cell proliferation and enhance iron absorption by regulating the iron-hepcidin-ferroportin axis in monocytes. However, this relationship in pregnant women is scarce. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between plasma vitamin D levels with hemoglobin concentration in pregnant women considering each trimester and iron supplementation. The data were obtained from Zhoushan Pregnant Women Cohort, collected from 2011 to 2018. Plasma 25(OH)D was measured in each trimester using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Generalized estimating equations and multiple linear regressions were performed. Finally, 2962 pregnant women and 4419 observations in the first trimester were included in this study. Plasma 25(OH)D in first trimester (T1) (β = 0.06, p = 0.0177), second trimester (T2) (β = 0.15, p < 0.0001), and third trimester (T3) (β = 0.12, p = 0.0006) were positively associated with Hb. Association between plasma 25(OH)D levels in T1 and Hb concentration was positively associated with gestational age (β = 0.005, p = 0.0421). Pregnant women with VD deficiency in T1 (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.07–1.88) or T2 (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.30–2.89) presented an increased risk of anemia, compared with women without VD deficiency. Moreover, the significant relationship between VD and Hb was only observed among women with iron supplementation during pregnancy. Plasma 25(OH)D levels in each trimester were positively associated with Hb concentration. Iron supplementation might be an important factor affecting the relationship between VD and Hb.