抗痉挛治疗改善脊髓损伤患者肌痉挛状态:30例效果分析

目的:脊髓损伤后往往造成一定程度的肌痉挛,探索康复治疗对颈、胸段脊髓损伤患者肌痉挛的作用及临床疗效。方法:1998-01/2004-06深圳市龙岗中心医院康复科收治的脊髓损伤患者30例,采用以抗痉挛治疗为主的方法治疗,治疗前、后进行功能评定。结果:治疗前Ashworth无评分、美国脊髓损伤学会运动指数、Barthel指数分别为3.10±0.22,51.42±12.33,36.16±17.21;治疗后3项指数分别为1.60±0.43,65.19±14.70,61.23±19.01;治疗前后比较,差异有非常显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论:以抗痉挛为主的康复治疗方法可有效地改善截瘫患者的肌痉挛状态,并促进肢体运动功能的恢复。     

通心络对大鼠脑缺血再灌注模型基质金属蛋白酶-9的影响

目的通过比较大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤中基质金属蛋白酶- 9(MMP -9)的表达,研究中药制剂通心络对缺血脑组织的作用机制。方法雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分为24 h对照组、24 h通心络组、5 d对照组、5 d通心络组以及假手术组。线栓法建立大脑中动脉阻塞90 min的脑缺血再灌注模型。通过免疫组织化学染色方法测定MMP- 9的表达。结果通心络治疗后24 h及5 d通心络组缺血侧MMP 9的表达较对照组下降(P< 0 .05)。结论通心络可能通过抑制MMP- 9 的表达起到减轻大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的作用。     

超声在评价雌二醇防治铜宫内节育器出血疗效中的价值探讨

目的　分析含铜宫内节育器带器者应用雌二醇 (E2 )皮贴片后子宫超声声像图及血流频谱特征 ,探讨超声在评价其防治出血疗效中的价值。方法　应用超声探查 2 9例含铜宫内节育器置器者应用E2 皮贴片后子宫内膜厚度及其螺旋动脉血流阻力指数值 ,并与对照组进行比较。结果　使用E2 皮贴片组阴道流血时间减少 ,与对照组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。置器后 3个月子宫内膜螺旋动脉阻力指数降低与对照组比较有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　超声是评价雌二醇 (E2 )防治铜宫内节育器所致子宫出血疗效重要、简便及有效的方法     

High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Asia (an ANSORP study)

A total of 685 clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from patients with pneumococcal diseases were collected from 14 centers in 11 Asian countries from January 2000 to June 2001. The in vitro susceptibilities of the isolates to 14 antimicrobial agents were determined by the broth microdilution test. Among the isolates tested, 483 (52.4%) were not susceptible to penicillin, 23% were intermediate, and 29.4% were penicillin resistant (MICs >/= 2 mg/liter). Isolates from Vietnam showed the highest prevalence of penicillin resistance (71.4%), followed by those from Korea (54.8%), Hong Kong (43.2%), and Taiwan (38.6%). The penicillin MICs at which 90% of isolates are inhibited (MIC(90)s) were 4 mg/liter among isolates from Vietnam, Hong Kong, Korea, and Taiwan. The prevalence of erythromycin resistance was also very high in Vietnam (92.1%), Taiwan (86%), Korea (80.6%), Hong Kong (76.8%), and China (73.9%). The MIC(90)s of erythromycin were >32 mg/liter among isolates from Korea, Vietnam, China, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, and Hong Kong. Isolates from Hong Kong showed the highest rate of ciprofloxacin resistance (11.8%), followed by isolates from Sri Lanka (9.5%), the Philippines (9.1%), and Korea (6.5%). Multilocus sequence typing showed that the spread of the Taiwan(19F) clone and the Spain(23F) clone could be one of the major reasons for the rapid increases in antimicrobial resistance among S. pneumoniae isolates in Asia. Data from the multinational surveillance study clearly documented distinctive increases in the prevalence rates and the levels of antimicrobial resistance among S. pneumoniae isolates in many Asian countries, which are among the highest in the world published to date.     

太赫兹波对MG-63荷瘤小鼠快速活体成像的实验研究

摘要 [目的]实验研究太赫兹波对人成骨肉瘤细胞株MG-63荷瘤小鼠活体体内恶性肿瘤组织能否显像及其特异性,并探讨太赫兹波技术在骨肉瘤肿瘤组织切除术中的指导作用。[方法]利用华中科技大学光电国家重点实验室连续太赫兹成像系统,进行人成骨肉瘤细胞株MG-63荷瘤小鼠活体的THz波显像,并在活体成像指导下进行瘤体切除术（实验组）与肉眼下行瘤体切除术（对照组）再次检测进行对比,术中取出组织送病理切片;将术后人成骨肉瘤MG-63荷瘤小鼠继续饲养一周后再次行THz波显像。[结果]活体人成骨肉瘤MG-63荷瘤小鼠体内瘤体组织处出现强烈吸收信号,与周围组织差异明显;术后THz波显像及病理切片均显示太赫兹波指导下行瘤体切除术比肉眼下行瘤体切除术更为彻底;继续饲养一周后对照组荷瘤小鼠原位再次复发。[结论]太赫兹波技术能对人成骨肉瘤细胞株MG-63荷瘤小鼠中肿瘤组织特异性显像,且能良好指导手术切除恶性肿瘤组织,有望在临床中应用。     

Diminished miR-374c-5p negatively regulates IL (interleukin)-6 in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion

Journal of Molecular Medicine - Unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) is commonly observed, and seriously affects women’s reproductive health. Excessive interleukin-6 (IL-6)...     

Clinical significance of healthcare-associated infections in community-onset Escherichia coli bacteraemia

BACKGROUND: The increasing antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli infection is of great concern, even for community-onset infections. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with E. coli bacteraemia who visited the emergency department of the Samsung Medical Center from February 2002 to December 2005 to identify the risk factors for mortality and association between healthcare-associated (HCA) infection and mortality. We classified community-onset E. coli bacteraemia into community-acquired (CA) and HCA infections. RESULTS: A total of 508 patients with E. coli bacteraemia were enrolled (mean age, 61.8 +/- 14.3 years; male/female, 191:317). The HCA E. coli bacteraemia had significantly higher severity of illness and higher antimicrobial resistance rate than CA bacteraemia. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 13.6% (69/508) and the mortality of HCA infections was significantly higher than that of CA infections (26.4% versus 9.6%, P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, high Charlson's co-morbidity index (OR 4.84, 95% CI 2.14-10.95, P < 0.001), high Pitt bacteraemia score (OR 32.03, 95% CI 13.08-74.43, P < 0.001), presentation with acute renal failure (OR 4.11, 95% CI 1.90-8.89, P < 0.001) and HCA bacteraemia (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.09-5.01, P = 0.030) were found to be the significant risk factors for 30-day mortality in E. coli bacteraemia. CONCLUSIONS: The mortality rate of HCA E. coli bacteraemia was higher than twice that of CA bacteraemia and HCA bacteraemia was one of the significant risk factors for mortality, even after adjusting for a large number of potential confounders.     

2型糖尿病患者血中瘦素、神经肽Y和肿瘤坏死因子α的变化

目的探讨年龄、性别、 BMI相近的 2型糖尿病患者和非糖尿病对照者血中瘦素、神经肽 Y和肿瘤坏死因子α( TNF α)水平变化及意义. 方法 1999- 03/2000- 02在四川大学华西医院内分泌科就诊的 2型糖尿病患者 76例.符合标准 2型糖尿病患者 76例,其中初诊患者 43例(初诊组),已诊患者 33例(已诊组).选择本院门诊健康体格检查的自愿者 40例为对照组,男 20例,女 20例.采集和测定 3组对象的血标本,用放免法测定血清瘦素,神经肽 Y, TNF α水平. 结果① 2型糖尿病组空腹血糖、餐后 2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、空腹胰岛素、三酰甘油、总胆固醇水平明显高于对照组( P均 < 0.05).餐后胰岛素、 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇则低于对照组( P< 0.05).初诊组患者的空腹胰岛素明显高于病史较长的已诊组患者( P< 0.05);空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白低于已诊组( P< 0.05);餐后胰岛素更低( P< 0.05).② 2型糖尿病患者 TNF α仍然明显高于对照组 (P< 0.05),但是神经肽 Y和瘦素无明显差异 (P均 >0.05). ③ 2型糖尿病组瘦素与空腹胰岛素、餐后 2 h胰岛素、 BMI、三酰甘油、脂肪百分比呈显著正相关 (r =0.30,0.31,0.39,0.25,0.59,P均 < 0.05);而 TNF α与空腹血糖、餐后 2 h血糖、空腹胰岛素、总胆固醇、三酰甘油呈显著正相关 (r =0.24,0.30,0.23,0.33,0.33,P均 < 0.05). 结论 循环瘦素、 TNF α参与胰岛素的分泌、血脂的代谢,提示两者可能与胰岛素抵抗及血脂代谢紊乱有关.     

脊柱融合内固定术后邻近节段的退行性变

目的:回顾脊柱融合内固定术后邻近节段的退行性变情况,有助于脊柱内固定术方法的改进。资料来源:应用计算机检索Medline数据库1990-01/2004-12关于脊柱融合内固定术后邻近节段退行性变的文章,检索词:“Adjacent-segmentdegeneration,spinefusionwithinstrumentation”限定文章语言种类为“English”。同时计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库1995-01/2004-12关于脊柱融合内固定术后邻近节段退行性变的文章,检索词:“邻近节段退行性变,脊柱融合内固定术”,限定文章语言种类为中文。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选取包括脊柱融合内固定术后邻近节段退行性变的文献,然后筛除非随机实验的研究,对剩余的文献开始查找全文,以是随机对照实验作为纳入标准,排除重复性研究文献。资料提炼:共收集97篇关于脊柱内固定术后邻近节段退行性变的随机和非随机实验,38个实验符合纳入标准,排除59篇。36个实验包括运用不同方法及在脊柱不同节段进行内固定融合术,并且对术后邻近节段退行性变情况进行了分析。资料综合:脊柱融合内固定术后不同活动方式及不同融合部位对邻近节段退行性变的生物力学产生不同影响,邻近节段退行性变的发生率因脊柱融合内固定术后不同时间段,不同部位邻近节段,不同邻近节段而发生相应变化。影响邻近节段退行性变的因素包括融合节段数量,融合方法、脊柱内固定方式、年龄及性别因素。结论:脊柱融合术后邻近节段几乎都要发生或多或少的退行性变,而且随着术后时间延长退行性变更加明显,并且与患者融合节段数量、融合方法、脊柱内固定方式、年龄、性别均有密切关系。目前其治疗效果不佳,人工椎间盘置换术是未来治疗邻近节段退行性变的方向之一。     

诊断超声介导微泡造影剂助溶兔静脉血栓的体内实验研究

目的 研究诊断超声结合自制白蛋白微泡造影剂在体内的溶栓效应,并探讨其与尿激酶联用在溶栓方面的协同作用及溶栓机制.方法 32只健康家兔建立股静脉血栓模型,分为单纯尿激酶组、超声+微泡造影剂组、超声+微泡造影剂+尿激酶组和阳性对照组.根据前期的体外实验所确定的最佳参数组合,并联合尿激酶进行溶栓,利用彩色多普勒超声技术对各组不同时间点15 min、30 min、60 min的血管再通情况进行检测,评价血管的再通率.取溶栓治疗后的兔股静脉标本进行免疫组化检测,比较各组管腔内部结构及溶栓效果,并对其溶栓机制进行探讨.结果 治疗15 min与30 min后,超声+微泡造影剂+尿激酶组的血管再通率较单纯尿激酶组、超声+微泡造影剂组均显著增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗60 min后,超声+微泡造影剂+尿激酶组管再通评分要明显优于其他两组.免疫组化检测结果示超声+微泡造影剂+尿激酶组治疗60 min后股静脉内血栓结构崩解,纤维素断裂,血管腔大部分融通,优于治疗15 min、30 min时的溶栓效果.结论 诊断超声结合自制微泡造影剂在体内具有明显的溶栓效应,与尿激酶联用在溶栓方面有很好的协同作用.