关胆囊结石的CT定量诊断

目的 评价第三代CT定量诊断胆囊结石的准确率及敏感性.方法 120例胆囊结石的病人在使用第三代CT检查后7天内施行胆囊切除手术,术后剖开胆囊,进行结石计数和最大结石的最大径线测量.结果 120例胆囊结石患者,其中87例有确切结石计数和测量结果（72.5%）;33例CT检查未发现胆囊结石（27.5%）.CT图像中显示的胆囊结石的数目：均数±标准差＝3±15个;范围为2～82个与手术发现的数目：均数±标准差＝68±316个;范围为2～1326个,两者比较具有显著性差异（P＜0.001）.CT图像发现的胆囊内最大结石的最大径线值：均数±标准差＝1.08±1.06cm,范围为0～2.4cm;与手术测量值均数±标准=1.68±0.14cm范围为0.67～3.1cm,两者比较有显著性差异（P＜0.001）.结论 用第三代CT进行胆囊结石的定量诊断不够准确,敏感性也有不足.     

Effect of (+/-)-, (+)- and (-)-gossypol on the lactate dehydrogenase-X activity of rat testis

The effect of (+/-)-, (+)- and (-)-gossypol on testicular lactate dehydrogenase-X (LDH-X) was studied in vitro and in vivo. It was found that racemic gossypol and the two optical enantiomers had similar inhibitory effects on rat testicular LDH-X in vitro. However, neither racemic gossypol nor the enantiomers exhibited an inhibitory effect on testicular LDH-X in vivo. It is concluded that inhibition of testicular LDH-X is not likely to be the mechanism of the antifertility action of gossypol. The inhibition of testicular LDH-X in vitro by all three preparations of gossypol is probably non-specific.     

L-arginine reverses the antinatriuretic effect of cyclosporin in renal transplant patients

BACKGROUND: Cyclosporin has been shown to facilitate renal vasoconstriction and to have an antinatriuretic effect. The existence of an interference of cyclosporin with the vasodilating properties of endothelium mediated by nitric oxide production could mediate these effects. On the other hand, the infusion of the nitric oxide precursor L-arginine has been shown to induce renal vasodilatation and to facilitate natriuresis in normal volunteers. We have investigated the renal effects of the administration of an infusion of L-arginine in renal transplant patients chronically treated with cyclosporin. To facilitate the analysis of the data the effects of the administration of a similar dose of cyclosporin on renal function during the infusion of a vehicle were also investigated during the administration of a vehicle of L-arginine. DESIGN: Ten male renal transplant patients, chronically treated with cyclosporin and with a stable renal function were studied during 2 consecutive days after the administration of the usual morning dose of cyclosporin. The first day they received an intravenous infusion of vehicle and the second the infusion of graded doses of L-arginine (50, 100, 150 mg/kg/h) during 3 consecutive h. RESULTS: The first day, after cyclosporin administration a significant fall (P < 0.01) was observed in natriuresis and kaliuresis in the absence of changes in renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate. After the administration of L-arginine significant (P < 0.01) increases of renal plasma flow, glomerular filtration rate, and natriuresis were seen. The increase in blood levels of cyclosporin after its administration did not differ between days 1 and 2. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that L-arginine facilitates renal vasodilatation and natriuresis in renal transplant patients. Furthermore, the observed increase in sodium excretion could indicate that L-arginine counteracts the antinatriuretic effect of cyclosporin.      

Construction of an Rb gene expression plasmid.

We obtained an 844 bp Bg1II fragment from an Rb cDNA clone and inserted it into the expression vector pWR-13 to construct an Rb gene expression plasmid. When the Rb Bg1II fragment was fused in-frame into pWR-13, it was operated by a Lac Z promoter and produced a fusion protein which consisted of expressed Rb protein and a small peptide from Lac Z. The recombinants were transformed into E. coli with the CaCl2 method, screened by in situ hybridization, and restriction mapped. Total cellular protein of transformed clones was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Commassie blue staining. The sense clones showed a unique band at 28,000. On Western blot, this band specifically reacted with 125I-labelled antibody against synthetic Rb peptide. This protein comprised more than 5% of total bacterial protein.     

Synthesis of a new hydroxyethylene dipeptide isostere Phe ψ[CH2CH(OH)]Phe as HIV-1 protease inhibitor

A new type of pseudodipeptide isostere exampled by Phe ψ[CH2CH(OH)]Phe was synthesized from phenylalanine. The H]V protease inhibitory activity (IC50) of Noa-His-Pheψ[CH2CH(OH)]Phe-Ile-Amp was 0. 8 pmol·L-1.     

多问病人一个问题改进全科医疗中抑郁症的诊断

在全科医疗诊断抑郁症时，在原有2个问题的筛查问卷基础上再增加一个问题（病人是否要求立即帮助解决抑郁症状），可增加筛查的特异性。Arroll及其同事报告了一个横向交叉诊断可靠性研究结果。该研究包括了新西兰6个诊所中19个全科医生和1000名以上连续病人。采用两个筛查问题再加一个问题的方法，全科医生正确诊断抑郁症率达到79％，对没有抑郁症者的正确评估率为94％。     

移植肾血管痉挛原因探讨

通过对临床37例肾移植的观察，发现术中移植肾开放血流后肾血管痉挛现象与当时血压明显相关。收缩压大于24kPa者，移植肾血管痉挛率为53．33％，收缩压低于24kPa者，移植肾血管痉挛率为9．09％。两组有显著性差异（P＜0．01）．发生血管痉挛的肾脏排尿时间较未痉挛者明显延长，分别为23±6．35min．3．8±0．86min，两组差异极显著（P＜0．01）．从而认为肾移植术中提升血压应适度，并针对移植肾血管痉挛的原因进行了讨论。     

细胞粘附分子在恶性肾肿瘤中的表达

采用斑点杂交和Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交技术研究１２例恶性肾肿瘤组织中细胞间粘附分子和血管细胞粘附分子基因转录水平的表达。结果发现，细胞间粘附分子的阳性表达率为１００％，血管细胞粘附分子的阳性表达率为７５％（９／１２）。提示恶性肾肿瘤细胞中存在活化的细胞间粘附分子和血管细胞粘附分子基因，并可能影响肿瘤与宿主间的免疫反应。