AUTOLOGOUS TRANSFUSION AFMC EXPERIENCE (1992–1996)

In this era of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and other infectious diseases – complications of homologous blood transfusion, autologous transfusion is the safest possible blood for transfusion. The present study was conducted from January 1992 to August 1996 to analyse the programme of autologous transfusion. A total of 471 pre-operative autologous collections were undertaken out of a total of 27,542 blood collections during this period. The present study shows a significant increase in autologous collections from 0.44 per cent in 1992 to 3.94 per cent till August 1996. 37.1 per cent autologous donors were from the urosurgery ward. Of the total 471 autologous blood units collected, 171 were transfused to the autologous donors (27.5%).KEYWORDS: Autologous transfusion, Pre-operative, Safe blood     

MILITANCY TRAUMA : PENETRATING AND NONPENETRATING CARDIAC INJURY

Two hundred and eighty patients with serious chest injuries were treated at a service hospital during a period of 41 months. Out of 9 patients who suffered cardiac trauma S had penetrating cardiac injuries, 2 had penetrating pericardial injury and 2 patients had myocardial contusions. Myocardial contusions simulated myocardial infarction. All patients except one had polytrauma, associated injury to the lung or intra-abdominal organs. Early evacuation, resuscitation, high index of suspicion for cardiac injury and prompt surgical intervention were the keys to successful management in these patients. Thoracotomy was performed to repair the myocardial perforation and lacerated lung injuries. Associated infra-abdominal injuries were managed with laparotomy. Two patients died due to lack of cardiopulmonary bypass facilities and resistant cardiac arrhythmias. Seven patients had uneventful recovery.KEY WORDS: Heart injuries, Thoracic injuries, Traumatology, Wounds, gunshot, Wounds, nonpenetrating, Wounds, penetrating     

Severity of illness index in patients with an acute sepsis

The analysis of prognostic value of APACHE II scale in estimation of the severity state in patients with an acute sepsis was presented. There was proposed the scale of estimation of the severity state in patients with an acute sepsis.     

氨甲蝶呤对脑梗塞患者红细胞与内皮细胞粘附的影响

目的:探讨氨甲蝶呤对脑梗塞患者红细胞与内皮细胞粘附的影响及其机制。方法:采用流室系统,定量研究氨甲蝶呤对脑梗塞患者红细胞与内皮细胞粘附影响。结果:用氨甲蝶呤处理红细胞、内皮细胞或血浆,红细胞与内皮细胞粘附明显减少,随切应力增加,红细胞与内皮细胞粘附数目趋近于零。结论:氨甲蝶呤能明显降低脑梗塞患者红细胞与内皮细胞粘附的作用。     

Characteristics of the clinical picture, hormonal status and humoral immunity in older patients with diffuse toxic goiter

Radioimmunoassays, immunological and radioreceptor methods were used for a study of the levels of T3, T4, TSH, thyroglobulin, antibodies to thyroglobulin and microsomal antigen, immunoglobulins suppressing thyrotropin binding in 92 patients with diffuse toxic goiter aged over 50. There was discrepancy between the prevalence of severe types of disease in this group of patients and an insignificant rise of T3 and T4 levels. Changes in the immune status pointed to an increase in immunodeficiency which became progressive with aging of the organism, and increasing sensitivity to damaging agents.     

Neuron activity in the anterolateral motor cortex in operant food-acquiring and alcohol-acquiring behavior

The interactions of the neuronal mechanisms of food-acquiring behavior and newly formed operant alcohol-acquiring behavior were studied by recording the activity of individual neurons in the anterolateral area of the motor cortex in chronically alcoholized rabbits. Adult animals learned food-acquiring behavior in a cage with two feeders and two pedals, in the corners (the food in the feeders was presented after pressing the corresponding pedal). After nine months of chronic alcoholization, the same rabbits learned an alcohol-acquiring behavior in the same experimental cage (gelatin capsules filled with 15% ethanol solution were placed in the feeders instead of food). Analysis of neuron activity showed that the set of neurons involved in supporting food-acquiring and alcohol-acquiring behaviors overlapped, though not completely. These experiments not only help us understand the neuronal mechanisms of the newly formed and the previously formed behaviors, but also facilitate the development of concepts of the similarity of the neuronal mechanisms of long-term memory and long-term modifications of the nervous system, occurring in conditions of repeated intake of addictive substances.Translated from Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatelnosti, Vol. 54, No. 3, pp. 363–372, May–June, 2004.     

99Tc-MDP联合钙剂、活性维生素D3治疗甲亢继发骨质疏松症的疗效评价

目的 评价99Tc-MDP治疗甲亢继发骨质疏松症的疗效。方法 将89例甲亢继发骨质疏松患者按治疗方法分为联合治疗组（A组 42例）和对照组（B组 47例）,两组均采用131I治疗甲亢,联合治疗组采用常规口服钙剂加活性维生素D3治疗,同时加用99Tc-MDP注射治疗,10d为1个疗程,连续3个疗程,每疗程之间间隔3~4w; 对照组常规口服钙剂加维生素D3治疗。分别观察 2 组治疗前及治疗后 3、6、12 个月骨密度( BMD) 、血清骨钙素( BGP) 、骨碱性磷酸酶( B-ALP) 以及甲状腺功能各项指标( FT3、FT4、TSH) 的变化。结果 （1）131I治疗6个月后联合治疗组BGP、B-ALP开始下降,治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;（2）联合治疗组BMD值在治疗后 12 个月较治疗前增加,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义( P＜0. 05);(3)治疗3、6、12个月后两组间甲状腺功能指标变化无差异（P>0.05）;（4）联合治疗组与对照组总有效率分别为92.8%,76.6%,联合治疗组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 99Tc-MDP与钙剂及活性维生素D3联用,对甲亢继发骨质疏松症有较好疗效,具有一定临床推广价值。     

PD-1/PD-L1免疫检查点抑制剂对右心室功能的影响

目的:采用二维斑点追踪技术评估PD-1/PD-L1免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitors,ICIs)对肿瘤患者右心室功能的影响.方法:选择2018年6月至2020年11月在天津医科大学第二医院泌尿外科和肿瘤科住院的肿瘤患者46例,患者均未使用过ICIs,且进一步需要ICIs治疗.患者...