全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1139篇 |
免费 | 52篇 |
国内免费 | 66篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 2篇 |
儿科学 | 57篇 |
妇产科学 | 13篇 |
基础医学 | 87篇 |
口腔科学 | 36篇 |
临床医学 | 159篇 |
内科学 | 248篇 |
皮肤病学 | 44篇 |
神经病学 | 43篇 |
特种医学 | 248篇 |
外科学 | 72篇 |
综合类 | 31篇 |
预防医学 | 46篇 |
眼科学 | 19篇 |
药学 | 101篇 |
中国医学 | 6篇 |
肿瘤学 | 45篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 9篇 |
2018年 | 9篇 |
2017年 | 11篇 |
2016年 | 9篇 |
2015年 | 21篇 |
2014年 | 22篇 |
2013年 | 34篇 |
2012年 | 18篇 |
2011年 | 20篇 |
2010年 | 31篇 |
2009年 | 49篇 |
2008年 | 25篇 |
2007年 | 64篇 |
2006年 | 25篇 |
2005年 | 25篇 |
2004年 | 16篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 18篇 |
2001年 | 25篇 |
2000年 | 17篇 |
1999年 | 18篇 |
1998年 | 62篇 |
1997年 | 73篇 |
1996年 | 74篇 |
1995年 | 65篇 |
1994年 | 43篇 |
1993年 | 52篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 22篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 46篇 |
1988年 | 30篇 |
1987年 | 43篇 |
1986年 | 14篇 |
1985年 | 26篇 |
1984年 | 17篇 |
1983年 | 27篇 |
1982年 | 21篇 |
1981年 | 19篇 |
1980年 | 22篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 11篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 9篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
1967年 | 4篇 |
1966年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有1257条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Sarah A Stuart Paul Butler Marcus R Munafò David J Nutt Emma SJ Robinson 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2015,40(9):2165-2174
The biochemical targets for antidepressants are relatively well established, but we lack a clear understanding of how actions at these proteins translate to clinical benefits. This study used a novel rodent assay to investigate how different antidepressant drugs act to modify affective biases that have been implicated in depression. In this bowl-digging task, rats encounter two equal value learning experiences on separate days (one during an affective manipulation and the other during control conditions). This induces an affective bias that is quantified using a preference test in which both digging substrates are presented together and the individual rats’ choices recorded. The assay can be used to measure affective biases associated with learning (when the treatment is given at the time of the experience) or examine the modification of previously acquired biases (when the treatment is administered before the preference test). The rapid-onset antidepressant ketamine, but not the delayed-onset antidepressant, venlafaxine, attenuated the previously acquired FG7142-induced negative bias following systemic administration. Venlafaxine but not ketamine induced a positive bias when administered before learning. We then used local drug infusions and excitotoxic lesions to localize the effects of ketamine to the medial prefrontal cortex and venlafaxine to the amygdala. Using a modified protocol we also showed that positive and negative biases amplified further when the numbers of substrate–reinforcer associations are increased. We propose that this pattern of results could explain the delayed onset of action of venlafaxine and the rapid onset of action but lack of long-term efficacy seen with ketamine. 相似文献
32.
Gloria R. Grice Nicole M. Gattas Jill Sailors Julie A. Murphy Amy Tiemeier Peter Hurd Theresa Prosser Tricia Berry Wendy Duncan 《Patient education and counseling》2013
Objective
To assess whether student pharmacists’ communication skills improved using the Four Habits Model (FHM) at the St. Louis College of Pharmacy.Methods
During the Fall of 2009 and 2010, student pharmacists in the third professional year learned and practiced the FHM. They were given feedback by faculty on three of the four Habits, used the FHM for self and peer assessment, and were formally evaluated on all four Habits during a standardized patient encounter.Results
Student pharmacist performance significantly improved from baseline during both Fall 2009 and Fall 2010 in the majority of the Habits assessed.Conclusion
Use of the FHM in pharmacy education can improve a student pharmacists’ ability to display the four Habits of communicating and developing relationships with patients. Tailoring of the FHM to pharmacy encounters will further enhance the utility of this communication framework.Practice implications
Use of the FHM enhances the measurement and assessment of the relational aspects of student pharmacist–patient communication skills. Consistent use of the FHM over time is likely necessary to fully develop and retain communication skills. The overall goal is to improve patient's health literacy and appropriate medication use by improving communication and the pharmacist–patient relationship. 相似文献33.
HL Robbins M Hetzel S Mungall SJ Cawthorn 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2015,97(1):e1-e2
Tuberculous mastitis is rare, especially in Western countries. We describe a case where the interferon gamma release assay blood test led to diagnosis and successful treatment of the disease. 相似文献
34.
Development of large numbers of mast cells at sites of idiopathic chronic dermatitis in genetically mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/Wv mice 总被引:15,自引:1,他引:15
The normal skin and other tissues of adult mast cell-deficient WBB6F1- W/Wv or WCB6F1-Sl/Sld mice contain less than 1.0% the number of mast cells present in the corresponding tissues of the congenic normal (+/+) mice. As a result, genetically mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/Wv or WCB6F1-Sl/Sld mice are widely used for studies of mast cell differentiation and function. We found that mast cells developed at sites of idiopathic chronic dermatitis in WBB6F1-W/Wv mice and that the number of mast cells present in the skin of WBB6F1-W/Wv mice was proportional to the severity of the dermatitis (in ear skin, there were 33 +/- 4 mast cells/mm2 of dermis at sites of severe dermatitis v 9 +/- 3 at sites of mild dermatitis, 0.8 +/- 0.3 in skin without dermatitis, and 100 +/- 7 in the normal skin of congenic WBB6F1-+/+ mice; in back skin, the corresponding values were 2.0 +/- 0.6, 1.1 +/- 0.9, 0.025 +/- 0.025, and 26.2 +/- 3.2). The development of mast cells was a local, not systemic, consequence of the dermatitis. Thus, WBB6F1-W/Wv mice with severe dermatitis lacked mast cells in skin not showing signs of dermatitis and also in the peritoneal cavity, stomach, cecum, and tongue. Idiopathic chronic dermatitis was not associated with the local development of mast cells in WCB6F1-Sl/Sld mice, a mutant whose mast cell deficiency is due to a mechanism distinct from that of WBB6F1-W/Wv mice. These findings may have implications for understanding the nature of the mast cell deficiency in WBB6F1-W/Wv and WCB6F1-Sl/Sld mice and for the use of these mutants to analyze mast cell differentiation and function. 相似文献
35.
Histamine reduces boron neutron capture therapy‐induced mucositis in an oral precancer model
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Oral diseases》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
36.
RC Baker RAJ Spence M Boohan A Dorman M Stevenson SJ Kirk K McGlade 《The Ulster medical journal》2015,84(1):30-36
Background:
Undergraduate surgery is at an important crossroads. Many departments report significant difficulties delivering effective teaching. Our student feedback indicated a dated surgical curriculum lacking structure, quality and uniformity. We report on a new ”blended” approach employing a combination of professional DVDs, case based discussions, online material and traditional bedside teaching designed to provide structure, standardization, and equality of learning .Methods:
Year 4 students who had undertaken the new course and year 5 students who had participated in the traditional teaching programme were compared. Students completed a 20 item questionnaire about their experiences of the surgical teaching programme.Results:
One hundred and seventy-one year 4 (70%) and148 year 5 students (66%) responded. Domains relating to “Overall Satisfaction with the course”, “Approval of innovative teaching methods and interactivity” and “Satisfaction with the clarity of course information” showed improvements when comparing the new and old programmes. However bedside teaching was not rated as highly in the new programme (p<0.05).Conclusion:
This blended approach has resulted in improved student understanding and engagement. The apparent compromise of bedside teaching may be a reflection of higher expectations. We believe that a similar blended approach has the potential to re-invigorate surgical teaching elsewhere. 相似文献37.
38.
Vincent JJ Odekerken Teus van Laar Michiel J Staal Arne Mosch Carel FE Hoffmann Peter CG Nijssen Guus N Beute Jeroen PP van Vugt Mathieu WPM Lenders M Fiorella Contarino Marieke SJ Mink Lo J Bour Pepijn van den Munckhof Ben A Schmand Rob J de Haan P Richard Schuurman Rob MA de Bie 《Lancet neurology》2013,12(1):37-44
39.
K Guzińska-Ustymowicz J Kiśluk SJ Terlikowski A Pryczynicz K Niewiarowska M Ustymowicz M Hawryluk M Południewski A Kemona 《Advances in medical sciences》2013,58(2):221-226
PurposeWe identify the expression of PRL-3 in primary endometrioid endometrial cancer and metastases in relation to the clinicopathological characteristics.Material/MethodsThe study involved 30 patients with type I endometrial cancer. Twelve of them were diagnosed with metastases in various localization of abdomen. The PRL-3 expression was evaluated on the basis of immunohistochemistry results by the use of monoclonal antibody anti-PRL3 clone 3B6.ResultsThe intensity of PRL-3 expression in correlation with tumor stage was statistically significant (p = 0.024). The strongest reaction was noted in cases classified as a 1a and 1b stage defined by FIGO. The strength of PRL-3 expression is significantly associated with the degree of histological tumor grade (p = 0.035).ConclusionsThe strong expression of PRL-3 in the primary tumor that was significantly correlated with the grade and clinical stage suggest that PTP4A3 participates in the process of endometrial carcinogenesis. 相似文献
40.