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71.
The sonographic examinations of four patients with simple ectopic ureters and 11 with ectopic ureteroceles were reviewed to determine distinguishing characteristics. Ectopic ureters, in cases of extreme dilatation and tortuosity, sometimes mimic multiseptated, cystic abdominal masses. However, the proximal portions of some severely dilated ureters are surprisingly small. Ectopic ureters sometimes indent the lower vesical wall, simulating a ureterocele. Ectopic ureteroceles are dynamic structures, changing in shape and size according to intravesical pressure. The lower pole of a duplex kidney may be difficult to detect because of displacement by the dilated upper renal pelvis and ureter. The renal parenchyma associated with an ectopic ureter may be equally difficult or impossible to find because of diminutive dysplasia or, less commonly, acquired atrophy. Dysplasia is characterized sonographically by highly echogenic parenchyma, lack of corticomedullary differentiation, and occasionally massive enlargement by cysts. Ectopic ureters and ureteroceles can be identified by fetal sonography. 相似文献
72.
自1994年以来,我院采用改良的尿道拖人术治疗外伤性后尿道狭窄22例,取得满意疗效,现报道如下。l临床资料本组病例均为男性,为严重车祸伤或高处跌伤致骨盆骨折所致,年龄则一46岁,平均35岁。临床症状有尿道四溢血、尿摊留、腹胀、肛周青紫肿胀,有休克者2例,合并直肠损伤2例,磅眈破裂6例。术中发现前列腺尖游离者4例。所有病例不能将导尿管插入膀跳,而均行单纯“耻骨上膀胜造疾术”,有膀脱破裂者行“膀脱破裂修补术”,有直肠损伤者,行“乙状结肠造疫术”。患者于术后3-6个月来院行尿道重建术。术前常规尿道造影,显示膜部尿道狭… 相似文献
73.
al-Wakeel JS; Mitwalli AH; Huraib S; al-Mohaya S; Abu-Aisha H; Chaudhary AR; al-Majed SA; Memon N 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》1997,12(7):1420-1424
High serum fluoride (F-) in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and
end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with risk of renal
osteodystrophy and other bone changes. This study was done to determine F-
in normal healthy controls and patients with ESRD on haemodialysis (HD) or
peritoneal dialysis (PD). Seventeen healthy controls (12 males, 5 females)
and 39 ESRD patients on dialysis (17 males, 22 females) were recruited in
the study in a community with 47.4 +/- 3.28 microM/l (range 44-51 microM/l)
of F- content in drinking water. Control subjects showed a mean serum F-
concentration of 1.08 +/- 0.350 microM/l. Males in control group showed
slightly higher F- levels (1.15 +/- 0.334, range 0.55-1.9 microM/l) than
females (0.92 +/- 0.370, range 0.6-1.5 microM/l). Mean serum F-
concentration did not correlate significantly with age and sex among
control subjects, whereas such correlation was observed in patients with
ESRD on dialysis. Mean serum F- concentration was significantly higher in
patients on dialysis (2.67 +/- 1.09, range 0.8-5.2 microM/l) than normal
controls. When grouped according to sex, the mean serum F- concentration in
males (3.05 +/- 1.04, range 1.8-5.2 microM/l) was significantly higher than
females (2.38 +/- 1.08, range 0.8-5.2 microM/l). When patients were grouped
according to age, it was observed that F- concentration was significantly
higher in patients with age groups 21-70 (2.86 +/- 1.05) than those with
age group 13-20 years (1.42 +/- 0.531). Thus F- concentration correlated
with age and sex, being higher in males and above 20 years. Despite
appreciable clearance of F- (39-90%) across the peritoneum, patients on
CAPD showed higher serum F- concentration than those on HD (3.1 +/- 1.97 vs
2.5 +/- 1.137 microM/l). Of the total 39 patients on dialysis 39% had their
serum F- concentration above 3.0 microM/l, posing the risk of renal
osteodystrophy.
相似文献
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79.
X-linked syndrome of platelet dysfunction, thrombocytopenia, and imbalanced globin chain synthesis with hemolysis 总被引:6,自引:5,他引:1
An unusual family is described with a congenital bleeding disorder present in four males belonging to three generations. Of the three surviving affected males, all had splenomegaly and petechiae. The three had moderate thrombocytopenia (55-90 X 10(9)/liter) and markedly prolonged Ivy-template bleeding times (greater than 30 min). They were also noted to have reticulocytosis and, upon further investigation, imbalanced globin chain synthesis resembling that of beta-thalassemia minor. Studies on nine additional family members in four generations were normal except for slight elevations of reticulocyte counts in female members, one of whom had the abnormal globin chain synthesis ratio. In male members, the bleeding tendency and clinical signs always occurred in the presence of the globin chain synthesis defect and reticulocytosis. This previously undescribed condition was apparently transmitted as an X-linked disorder. 相似文献
80.
Cuello C; Palladinetti P; Tedla N; Di Girolamo N; Lloyd AR; McCluskey PJ; Wakefield D 《Rheumatology (Oxford, England)》1998,37(7):779-783
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and source of chemokines in minor
salivary gland biopsies (MSGs) in patients with Sjogren's syndrome (SS).
METHODS: Immunohistochemical analysis was used to determine the pattern of
chemokine expression in MSGs from patients with (n=6) and without (n=5) SS,
as well as to examine the phenotype of both resident and infiltrating cells
expressing chemokines. RESULTS: Significant differences in the number of
infiltrating mononuclear (MN) cells in patients with and without SS were
noted. Ductal epithelial cells of SS biopsies expressed significantly
increased levels of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha,
MIP-1beta, interleukin-8 (IL-8) and RANTES (Regulated upon Activation,
Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted). Biopsies from patients with SS
showed that MIP-1beta was expressed by 51% of infiltrating cells, while 41%
expressed MIP-1alpha, whereas 22 and 7% expressed RANTES and IL-8,
respectively. CONCLUSION: Chemokines expressed by ductal epithelial cells
may attract circulating leucocytes, in particular CD4+ T cells, towards the
site of inflammation, thereby orchestrating the influx of MN cells
characteristically seen in MSGs in SS. Chemokines may be induced directly
by a putative triggering agent for SS, or secondary to the release of
pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by epithelial cells. These findings
further implicate epithelial cells as playing a major role in the
pathogenesis of SS and implicate chemokines in the leucocyte recruitment in
this setting.
相似文献