Correction to: Resolution of Persistent COVID-19 After Convalescent Plasma in a Patient with B Cell Aplasia

Journal of Clinical Immunology - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-021-01029-z     

Acid blockade by omeprazole or ICI 162846 in a chronic duodenal ulcer model.

Oral treatment with the H2-antagonist ICI 162,846 or omeprazole for five days inhibited both basal and pentagastrin stimulated acid secretion by 50% or more in mice. Either treatment increased the luminal secretion of histamine in the basal (12-fold) and stimulated (9-fold) states. Mice treated with the H2-antagonist had a 27% reduction (p less than 0.05) in mural histamine in the acid-producing area of the stomach. Mice were treated so as to induce duodenal ulcers (abscopal model) and were then treated with the H2-antagonist ICI 162,846, omeprazole or vehicle, orally for one week. Fewer duodenal ulcers were found in animals receiving drug treatments than in the oral vehicle group. Both the H2-receptor antagonist and the proton pump blocker inhibit acid production; acid blockade by either drug is accompanied by a massive increase in secretion of histamine. This rise was associated with depletion of the gastric histamine store only with H2-receptor blocker. Both means of acid inhibition reduce the formation of ulcers in this model.     

Views of survivors of stroke on benefits of physiotherapy.

OBJECTIVE--To describe the components of physiotherapy valued by survivors of a stroke. DESIGN--Qualitative study using in-depth interviews. SETTING--Two adjacent districts in North East Thames Regional Health Authority. PATIENTS--82 survivors of stroke taken consecutively from a stroke register when they reached the tenth month after their stroke, 40 of whom agreed to be interviewed. MAIN MEASURES--Content analysis of interviews. RESULTS--Patients who agreed to the interview were significantly less likely to be disabled 12 months after stroke than those who did not. Twenty four patients had received physiotherapy, and these were more disabled than those who had not. Patients appreciated physiotherapy. It was believed to bring about functional improvement; the exercise component was valued because it was perceived to keep them active and busy and exercise programmes to follow at home were also valued for the structure they gave to each day; and therapists were considered a source of advice and information and a source of faith and hope. CONCLUSIONS--Many of the positive aspects of caring which patients described in the context of physiotherapy could be incorporated into the mainstream of rehabilitation care and training. However, health professionals need to be careful not to promote false expectations about recovery. IMPLICATIONS--The outcome of treatment is of critical importance to patients and should become a central dimension of patient satisfaction questionnaires. The impact of physiotherapy is not confined to reducing physical disability but may also affect wellbeing. The choice of outcome measures in rehabilitation research should reflect this situation.     

Interactions of m-xylene and aspirin metabolism in man.

In a series of experiments to investigate interactions between industrial solvents and common medications the interaction between m-xylene and aspirin was studied. As both these substances are metabolised and excreted as glycine conjugates there would possibly be competition for this conjugation pathway. Five male volunteers were exposed on separate occasions to m-xylene by inhalation (100 ppm), aspirin (1500 mg) by mouth, and m-xylene and aspirin together under controlled conditions in an exposure chamber. Urine and blood samples were collected and analysed for m-xylene, aspirin, and their metabolites. The amounts of the major glycine conjugates produced from m-xylene (m-methylhippuric acid) and aspirin (salicyluric acid) were significantly reduced by about 50% when m-xylene and aspirin were coadministered. There appears to be a mutual inhibition on the formation of the respective glycine conjugates. It is suggested that the inhibition is due to competition for either the enzymes, acyl-CoA synthetase, or glycine N-acylase. These findings have implications in the biological monitoring of workers exposed to m-xylene.