老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术麻醉的临床研究

为观察异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉在老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (LC)围麻醉期呼吸循环功能的变化 ,以评价其实用性和安全性 ,将 30例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级患者 ,择期行LC手术 ,以微量泵持续静注异丙酚维持麻醉 (剂量递减法 10～ 8～ 6mg/kg·h-1) ,控制呼吸频率 16～ 2 5 /min ,人工气腹后保持轻度过度通气状态 ,连续监测呼吸循环功能各参数的变化。结果显示 :本组异丙酚平均总用量为 5 6 0± 12 8mg( 8.0 5± 2 .16mg/kg·h-1) ,麻醉诱导后SBP、DBP、MAP一过性降低 (P <0 .0 1) ,于插管后迅速恢复 ;CO2 气腹后PETCO2 开始上升并于 15min后达最高值但在正常范围 ,86 .6 7%的病例于拔管后 5～ 10min麻醉苏醒并能简单答话。认为异丙酚全凭静脉维持麻醉用于老年人LC并于气腹期轻度过度通气能维持呼吸循环功能的相对稳定 ,且苏醒快 ,术后恢复良好 ,具有实用性和安全性     

锰超氧化物歧化酶过表达对H2O2诱导PC12细胞凋亡的影响

目的 揭示锰超氧化物歧化酶（MnSOD）在H2O2诱导PC12细胞凋亡中的作用及机制。方法 转染人正义和反义MnSOD基因的PC12细胞,用50 mmol H2O2攻击已转染的细胞系,并采用MTT法、流式细胞术和 Hoechst染色方法研究H2O2的细胞毒作用。结果 转染正义MnSOD的细胞比原细胞的MnSOD酶活性提高1.3倍,而转染反义MnSOD细胞的酶活性降低67%。结论 H2O2对PC12细胞毒作用是通过诱发PC12细胞凋亡作用来实现的;MnSOD具有抑制H2O2诱导PC12细胞凋亡作用,涉及线粒体的损伤,导致氧化还原失衡继而诱发细胞凋亡。     

栓塞加门静脉灌输CD3AK细胞治疗中晚期肝癌的研究

动态观察肝动脉化疗栓塞加门静脉插管化疗、灌输ＣＤ３Ａ职晚期肝癌的临床疗效及对机体免疫功能的影响。将２０例中晚期肝癌随机分为Ａ、Ｂ两组,Ａ组（１０例）肝动脉化疗栓塞加门静脉插管化疗。灌输ＣＤ３Ａ细胞治疗,Ｂ组（１０例）肝动脉化疗栓塞加门静脉插管化疗。另设Ｃ组（１０例）肝良肿瘤患者作为对照组。结果Ａ组患者的细胞免疫指标（ＣＤ３、ＸＣＤ４、ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８、ＮＫＣ、ＩＬ－２Ｒ、Ｔ淋巴细胞转化主）及体液免疫     

The role of pRb2/p130 protein in diagnosing lung carcinoma on fine needle aspiration biopsies

The retinoblastoma gene family is composed of three members: the retinoblastoma gene, one of the most studied tumor suppressor genes, and two related genes: p107 and pRb2/p130. These proteins are also known as the pocket proteins due to a unique structural and functional domain composed of subdomains A and B separated by a spacer region that is highly conserved among each of the proteins. These proteins exhibit unique growth suppressive properties that are cell type specific, suggesting that although the pocket proteins may complement each other, they are not fully functionally redundant. With the development of antibodies recognizing these three proteins it is now possible to detect expression in formalin-embedded specimens. Recent studies on 235 lung cancers, using immunohistochemical techniques, suggested an independent role for Rb2/p130 in the development and/or progression of human lung carcinoma. We found a statistically significant inverse relationship between the histological grading (degree of malignant potential) and the expression of pRb/p105, p107 and pRb2/p130 in squamous cell carcinomas, meaning that an increase in grading resulted in a significant decrease in protein expression. This phenomenon was particularly evident for pRb2/p130 (p < .0001) which had the highest percentage of undetectable levels in all the specimens examined and the tightest inverse correlation (p value) with both the histological grading and PCNA expression in the most aggressive tumor types, suggesting an important role for pRb2/p130 in the pathogenesis and progression of certain lung cancers. We further explored the expression of pRb2/p130 protein in routine archival FNAB cytological material from 30 Patients with lung cancer using immunocytochemical techniques, comparing protein expression with tumor type. Two pathologists evaluated the staining pattern and scored the percentage of positive cells. Of the 30 neoplasms, 27 displayed a positive staining for pRb2/p130. In particular, we detected pRb2/p130 in 9 (100%) squamous carcinomas, 11 (84%) adenocarcinomas, 5 (100%) BAC, and 2 (66%) SCC. The percentage of positive nuclei varied in different tumors with the highest expression level in adenocarcinomas. Immunocytochemistry represents a sensitive method for detection of pRb2/p130 expression in cytological or archival specimens, and the level of detection seems to be comparable to paraffin sections. Therefore, this methodology could be used in the preoperative evaluation of routine cytological specimens in order to improve the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of lung cancer patients.     

A complex haemoglobinopathy diagnosis in a family with both beta zero- and alpha (zero/+)-thalassaemia homozygosity

The occurrence of point mutation alpha-thalassaemia and of complex combinations of haemoglobin defects is underestimated. Haemoglobinopathies, the most frequent monogenic recessive autosomal disorder in man, occur predominantly in Mediterranean, African and Asiatic populations. However, countries of immigration with a low incidence in the indigenous population, are now confronted with a highly heterogeneous array of imported defects. Furthermore, the occurrence of severe phenotypes is bound to increase in the near future because of the endogamous growth of the ethnical minorities and the lack of prevention. We describe an Afghan family in which both partners of a consanguineous relationship are carriers of a beta- as well as an alpha-thalassaemia determinant. The combination of defects was revealed by the in vitro measurement of the beta/alpha biosynthetic ratio and was characterised at the DNA level. The molecular defects involved are the Cd5(-CT), a Mediterranean beta zero-thalassaemia mutation, and the alpha 2(zero/+)-thalassaemia AATA(-AA) polyadenylation defect. The alpha-thalassemia defect is a rare RNA-processing mutant described only twice before in heterozygous form in Asian-Indian patients. The mutation suppresses the expression of a alpha 2 gene and reduces the expression of the less efficient, 3' located alpha 1 gene as well, inducing a near alpha zero-thalassaemia phenotype. This defect is now described for the first time in the homozygous condition in one of the children who, in addition to being homozygous for the alpha-thalassaemia point mutation, is also a carrier of the beta zero-thalassaemia defect. A previously described homozygous case of the alpha (zero/+)-thalassaemia condition, caused by a similar polyadenylation defect, was characterised by a severe HbH disease. However, the patient described here present at 7 years of age with severe caries, like his beta-thalassaemia homozygous brother but without hepatosplenomegaly, haemolysis or severe anaemia. The haematological analysis revealed 9.5 g/dl Hb; 5.4 x 10(12)/I RBC; 0.33 I/I PCV; 61 fl MCV; 17.6 pg MCH and 6.2% of HbA2. The biosynthetic ratio beta:alpha was 1.6 and no HbH fraction was detectable either on electrophoresis or as inclusion bodies. The parents reported no complications during pregnancy, at birth, or in the neonatal period in rural Afghanistan. We presume therefore that the counterbalancing effect induced by the co-existing beta-thalassaemia defect could have modified a potentially severe perinatal HbH disease into a strongly hypochromic but well compensated 'alpha zero-like heterozygous' thalassaemia phenotype. The risk of a severe HbH disease, could have been easily missed in this family which was referred because of a child affected with beta-thalassaemia major.     

Telangiectasias in progressive systemic sclerosis (generalized scleroderma). Observation on 120 cases

120 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) were studied and subdivided into five groups according to the PSS classification of Giordano et al. ("acute diffuse scleroderma", "intermediate syndrome", "acrosclerosis sensu stricto", "sclerodactylia" and "sclerosis sine scleroderma"). In all five subgroups telangiectasias incidence was high (from 75% to 100%). The "ramosus" and "telangiectatic mats" types occur more frequently than other forms of telangiectasias. The former particularly involves the face, neck and chest; whereas the latter more usually involves the upper extremities and is the only type which appears at the lips. Cuticular telangiectasia is a third type, as important as the others but less frequent. The incidence of telangiectasias is related to disease duration. Similar telangiectasias have been observed in rarer patients with other connective tissue diseases (SLE, RA, dermatomyositis and undifferentiated connective tissue diseases).     

A comparison of autografts and frozen, irradiated homografts in canine femoral venous reconstruction

Autogenous veins are the ideal substitute for bridging venous defects. Experimentally, fresh homografts have patency rates comparable to autografts. However, a method of preservation must be employed if homografts become practical for clinical use. In this study, homografts were frozen, irradiated, and stored for a total of 6 weeks. Following femoral venous reconstruction, patency rates between frozen, irradiated homografts and fresh autografts were compared and found to be similar over a 6 month period. Recanalization of the frozen, irradiated homografts occurred at the same rate as did that of the autografts. This study concludes that cryopreservation and irradiation are suitable methods of preservation that do not adversely affect patency. In addition irradiation will sterilize tissue and may decrease the potential of the graft to stimulate the recipient's immunologic system.     

Furanoeremophilanes in Senecio filaginoides and S. pinnatus

Aerial parts of SENECIO FILAGINOIDES yielded two new furanoeremophilane type sesquiterpenoids: 6alpha-acetyloxy-10betaH-furanoeremophil-1-one, 1 and 6alpha-tiglinoyloxy-10betaH-furanoerernophil-1-one, 2. Their structures have been elucidated by spectroscopic data. From roots and aerial parts of S. PINNATUS 1alpha-hydroxy-6betaangeloyloxy-10alphaH-furanoeremophil-9-one, 3 has been isolated.