全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3040篇 |
免费 | 147篇 |
国内免费 | 10篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 5篇 |
儿科学 | 134篇 |
妇产科学 | 75篇 |
基础医学 | 412篇 |
口腔科学 | 34篇 |
临床医学 | 255篇 |
内科学 | 758篇 |
皮肤病学 | 71篇 |
神经病学 | 253篇 |
特种医学 | 56篇 |
外科学 | 373篇 |
综合类 | 7篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 113篇 |
眼科学 | 65篇 |
药学 | 170篇 |
中国医学 | 9篇 |
肿瘤学 | 406篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 18篇 |
2022年 | 35篇 |
2021年 | 55篇 |
2020年 | 46篇 |
2019年 | 56篇 |
2018年 | 76篇 |
2017年 | 54篇 |
2016年 | 50篇 |
2015年 | 79篇 |
2014年 | 114篇 |
2013年 | 106篇 |
2012年 | 187篇 |
2011年 | 201篇 |
2010年 | 133篇 |
2009年 | 124篇 |
2008年 | 203篇 |
2007年 | 206篇 |
2006年 | 200篇 |
2005年 | 196篇 |
2004年 | 202篇 |
2003年 | 182篇 |
2002年 | 175篇 |
2001年 | 56篇 |
2000年 | 28篇 |
1999年 | 35篇 |
1998年 | 31篇 |
1997年 | 34篇 |
1996年 | 36篇 |
1995年 | 30篇 |
1994年 | 20篇 |
1993年 | 16篇 |
1992年 | 22篇 |
1991年 | 19篇 |
1990年 | 20篇 |
1989年 | 22篇 |
1988年 | 17篇 |
1987年 | 15篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有3197条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Marco Herling George Z Rassidakis L Jeffrey Medeiros Theodoros P Vassilakopoulos Kay-Oliver Kliche Gianpaolo Nadali Simonetta Viviani Valeria Bonfante Roberto Giardini Marco Chilosi Christos Kittas Alessandro M Gianni Gianni Bonadonna Giovanni Pizzolo Gerassimos A Pangalis Fernando Cabanillas Andreas H Sarris 《Clinical cancer research》2003,9(6):2114-2120
PURPOSE: EBV-latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) is often expressed in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL), but its clinical significance is controversial. We correlated LMP-1 with presenting features, including serum interleukin 10 levels and clinical outcome. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Patients were eligible if they had biopsy-proven cHL, were untreated, HIV-1 negative, and had available archival tissue. LMP-1 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: We identified 577 patients with cHL with a median age of 30 years, 55% of whom were male. LMP-1 was expressed in HRS cells of 124 patients (21%) and was detected in 78 of 461 (17%) patients with nodular sclerosis compared with 44 of 112 (39%) with mixed cellularity (P < 0.001 by Fisher's exact test). Patients with tumors with LMP-1-positive HRS cells had higher serum interleukin 10 levels (P = 0.009 by Mann-Whitney test). For the 303 patients treated with doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine or equivalent regimens, the 5-year failure-free survival (FFS) for those with LMP-1-positive tumors was 74% compared with 81% for those with LMP-1-negative tumors (P = 0.23, by log-rank test). Overall survival (OS) at 5 years for patients with LMP-1-positive tumors was 90 versus 91% for patients with LMP-1-negative tumors (P = 0.8 by log-rank test). Expression of LMP-1 was not associated with different FFS and OS in patients treated with other regimens or with radiotherapy alone. CONCLUSIONS: LMP-1 was expressed by HRS cells in 21% of cHL and correlated with mixed cellularity type and higher serum interleukin 10 levels. The presence of LMP-1 was not associated with FFS or OS in uniformly treated patients. 相似文献
42.
Valeria Masciullo Tommaso Susini Alessandra Zamparelli Alessandro Bovicelli Corrado Minimo Daniela Massi Gianluigi Taddei Nicola Maggiano Pierandrea De Iaco Marcello Ceccaroni Luciano Bovicelli Gianni Amunni Salvatore Mancuso Giovanni Scambia Antonio Giordano 《Clinical cancer research》2003,9(14):5332-5338
PURPOSE: p27(Kip1) is a member of the Cip1/Kip1 family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors and is a potential tumor suppressor gene. Low levels of p27 are associated with poor prognosis in a variety of gynecological tumors, including breast, ovarian, and cervical carcinomas. The role of p27 in endometrial cancer remains controversial. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In the present study, p27 protein expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry in a series of 217 endometrial adenocarcinomas and, where present, in synchronous normal endometrium, simple and complex hyperplasia (with or without atypia), and cystic atrophy. The relationship between p27 expression and clinical outcome was also evaluated. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a significant loss of p27 expression from normal (33%) through hyperplastic endometrium (50%) to endometrial adenocarcinomas (71%; P = 0.001). In addition to nuclear staining, cytoplasmic localization of p27 was noted in 193 (91%) of 217 specimens examined. When the clinical outcome of the patients was evaluated in relation to p27 status, we found no significant correlation between the presence of p27 staining and clinicopathological parameters or survival. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that p27 expression could progressively decrease from normal endometrium through hyperplastic endometrium to invasive endometrial carcinomas, suggesting that loss of this tumor suppressor may represent a novel and distinct molecular alteration involved in estrogen-related endometrial adenocarcinomas (type I). Despite the suggested role of the p27 protein in determining the prognosis of several human tumors, it was not found to be a predictor of clinical outcome in this large group of patients with endometrial cancer. 相似文献
43.
44.
Roberto Marchioli Guido Finazzi Raffaele Landolfi Jack Kutti Heinz Gisslinger Carlo Patrono Raphael Marilus Ana Villegas Gianni Tognoni Tiziano Barbui 《Journal of clinical oncology》2005,23(10):2224-2232
PURPOSE: The clinical course of polycythemia vera is often complicated by thrombosis as well as by the possible transition to myeloid metaplasia with myelofibrosis or acute myeloid leukemia. The aim of this study was to assess the rate of these complications in subjects receiving currently recommended treatments. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Overall, 1,638 patients from 12 countries were enrolled onto a large, prospective multicenter project aimed at describing the clinical history of polycythemia vera for the following outcomes: survival, the cumulative rate of cardiovascular death and thrombosis, the cumulative rate of leukemia, myelodysplasia, and myelofibrosis. The mean duration of the disease at entry and the duration of the follow-up were 4.9 and 2.7 years, respectively. RESULTS: The overall mortality rate of 3.7 deaths per 100 persons per year resulted from a moderate risk of cardiovascular death and a high risk of death from noncardiovascular causes (mainly hematologic transformations). Age older than 65 years and a positive history of thrombosis were the most important predictors of cardiovascular events. Antiplatelet therapy, but not cytoreductive treatment, was significantly associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events. We found a consistent association between age and risk of leukemia, and between duration of the disease with risk of myelofibrosis. CONCLUSION: The European Collaboration on Low-Dose Aspirin in Polycythemia Vera study documents that large international collaborative studies are feasible in this field, in which few epidemiologic data are available. The persistently high mortality rate from hematologic malignancies characterizes the unmet therapeutic need of polycythemic patients and suggests a priority for future studies in this disease. 相似文献
45.
Gabriella Marucci Angeli Piero Livio Brasili Michela Buccioni Dario Giardinà Ugo Gulini Alessandro Piergentili Gianni Sagratini 《Medicinal chemistry research》2005,14(5):274-296
Geometric cis, trans isomers, derivatives of 2-substituted-1,3-dioxanes were designed and studied as antimuscarinic agents. The synthesized compounds
were evaluated as perchlorides and methiodides by functional tests with rabbit vas deferens (putative M1), guinea-pig heart (M2) and guinea-pig ileum (M3). The effect of the replacement of a trimethylammonium group with a dimethysulfonium in the two rings was also evaluated.
Pharmacological results indicate that the 1,3-dioxane nucleus shows the highest stereoselective values on the studied receptors. 相似文献
46.
Densiron 68 heavy silicone oil in the management of inferior retinal detachment recurrence: analysis on functional and anatomical outcomes and complications
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《国际眼科》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Tomaso Caporossi Fabrizio Franco Lucia Finocchio Francesco Bar Fabrizio Giansanti Ruggero Tartaro Gianni Virgili Stanislao Rizzo 《国际眼科》2019,12(4):615-620
AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of a heavy silicone oil (Densiron 68) in the management of inferior retinal detachment recurrence.
METHODS: A retrospective non-comparative consecutive case series study. Forty-nine cases of complex inferior retinal detachment were treated using Densiron 68 heavy silicone oil (HSO) as the endotamponade. Our main purpose was anatomic reattachment following Densiron 68 removal. Functional outcomes, rate of recurrences, the presence of inflammatory complications and intraocular pressure alterations were evaluated.
RESULTS: Forty-nine patients affected by complex retinal re-detachment were recruited. The mean follow-up was 7.6 (±1.5) mo. The mean best corrected visual acuity after Densiron 68 removal was 0.95 logMAR, standard error (SE: 0.068). Retinal reattachment was 61.2% after first surgery and 81.6% after second surgery. Nineteen cases (38.8%) had recurrences when intraocular heavy silicon oil was in situ, 26.3% (5 cases) of which involved the inferior retina.
CONCLUSION: Densiron 68 ef?ciently fills the inferior retinal periphery and might lower the risk of inferior proliferative vitreoretinopathy development, in particular after a standard silicon oil tamponade that reduces the proliferative process in the upper quadrants of the retina. 相似文献
47.
48.
49.
Arteaga CL Sliwkowski MX Osborne CK Perez EA Puglisi F Gianni L 《Nature reviews. Clinical oncology》2012,9(1):16-32
The advent of HER2-directed therapies has significantly improved the outlook for patients with HER2-positive early stage breast cancer. However, a significant proportion of these patients still relapse and die of breast cancer. Trials to define, refine and optimize the use of the two approved HER2-targeted agents (trastuzumab and lapatinib) in patients with HER2-positive early stage breast cancer are ongoing. In addition, promising new approaches are being developed including monoclonal antibodies and small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting HER2 or other HER family members, antibodies linked to cytotoxic moieties or modified to improve their immunological function, immunostimulatory peptides, and targeting the PI3K and IGF-1R pathways. Improved understanding of the HER2 signaling pathway, its relationship with other signaling pathways and mechanisms of resistance has also led to the development of rational combination therapies and to a greater insight into treatment response in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. Based on promising results with new agents in HER2-positive advanced-stage disease, a series of large trials in the adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings are planned or ongoing. This Review focuses on current treatment for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer and aims to update practicing clinicians on likely future developments in the treatment for this disease according to ongoing clinical trials and translational research. 相似文献
50.
Mauro Iori Giovanni Mauro Cattaneo Elisabetta Cagni Claudio Fiorino Gianni Borasi Calandrino Riccardo Cinzia Iotti Ferruccio Fazio Alan E. Nahum 《Radiotherapy and oncology》2008,88(1):34-45
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Helical tomotherapy (HT) and intensity-modulated arc therapy (IMAT) are two arc-based approaches to the delivery of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Through plan comparisons we have investigated the potential of IMAT, both with constant (conventional or IMAT-C) and variable (non-conventional or IMAT-NC, a theoretical exercise) dose-rate, to serve as an alternative to helical tomotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six patients with prostate tumours treated by HT with a moderately hypo-fractionated protocol, involving a simultaneous integrated boost, were re-planned as IMAT treatments. A method for IMAT inverse-planning using a commercial module for static IMRT combined with a multi-leaf collimator (MLC) arc-sequencing was developed. IMAT plans were compared to HT plans in terms of dose statistics and radiobiological indices. RESULTS: Concerning the planning target volume (PTV), the mean doses for all PTVs were similar for HT and IMAT-C plans with minimum dose, target coverage, equivalent uniform dose (EUD) and tumour control probability (TCP) values being generally higher for HT; maximum dose and degree of heterogeneity were instead higher for IMAT-C. In relation to organs at risk, mean doses and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) values were similar between the two modalities, except for the penile bulb where IMAT was significantly better. Re-normalizing all plans to the same rectal toxicity (NTCP=5%), the HT modality yielded higher TCP than IMAT-C but there was no significant difference between HT and IMAT-NC. The integral dose with HT was higher than that for IMAT. CONCLUSIONS: with regards to the plan analysis, the HT is superior to IMAT-C in terms of target coverage and dose homogeneity within the PTV. Introducing dose-rate variation during arc-rotation, not deliverable with current linac technology, the simulations result in comparable plan indices between (IMAT-NC) and HT. 相似文献