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151.
Grzegorzewski KJ; Komschlies KL; Franco JL; Ruscetti FW; Keller JR; Wiltrout RH 《Blood》1996,88(11):4139-4148
Administration of recombinant human interleukin-7 (rhIL-7) to mice increases the exportation of myeloid progenitors (colony-forming unit [CFU]-c and CFU-granulocyte erythroid megakaryocyte macrophage [CFU- GEMM]) from the bone marrow (BM) to peripheral organs, including blood, and also increases the number of primitive progenitor and stem cells in the peripheral blood (PB). We now report that combined treatment of mice with rhIL-7 and recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) stimulates a twofold to 10-fold increase in the total number of PB CFU-c, and a twofold to fivefold increase in the total number of PB CFU-spleen at day 8 (CFU-S8) over the increase stimulated by rhIL-7 or rhG-CSF alone. In addition, the quality of mobilized cells with trilineage, long-term marrow-repopulating activity is maintained or increased in mice treated with rhIL-7 and rhG-CSF compared with rhIL- 7 or rhG-CSF alone. These differences in mobilizing efficiency suggest qualitative differences in the mechanisms by which rhIL-7 and rhG-CSF mobilize progenitor cells, in fact, the functional status of progenitor cells mobilized by rhIL-7 differs from that of cells mobilized by rhG- CSF in that the incidence of actively cycling (S-phase) progenitors obtained from the PB is about 20-fold higher for rhIL-7-treated mice than for mice treated with rhG-CSF. These results suggest the use of rhIL-7-mobilized progenitor/stem cells for gene-modification and tracking studies, and highlight different functions and rates of repopulation after reconstitution with PB leukocytes obtained from mice treated with rhIL-7 versus rhG-CSF. 相似文献
152.
153.
Shirly Amar Ofer Ovadia Wolfgang Maier Richard Ebstein RH Belmaker Dan Mishmar Galila Agam 《Behavioral and brain functions : BBF》2010,6(1):40
Background
Schizophrenia is associated with rare copy-number (CN) mutations. Screening for such alleles genome-wide, though comprehensive, cannot study in-depth the causality of particular loci, therefore cannot provide the functional interpretation for the disease etiology. We hypothesized that CN mutations in the SELENBP1 locus could associate with the disorder and that these mutations could alter the gene product's activity in patients. 相似文献154.
M Field J Blackwell A Jaipersad M Wall MA Silva RH Morgan AD Pherwani 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2009,91(5):394-398
INTRODUCTION
The global increase of chronic renal failure has resulted in a growing number of patients on haemodialysis using arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). By virtue of their very function, AVFs at times shunt blood away from regions distally, resulting in an ischaemic steal syndrome. Distal revascularisation with interval ligation (DRIL) has been described as a procedure to treat symptomatic ischaemic steal. We present our experience in the management of this complication.PATIENTS AND METHODS
Six patients with severe ischaemic steal were treated using a DRIL procedure between May 2004 and June 2007. There were three males and three females, all with elbow brachiocephalic AVFs. Symptoms ranged from severe rest pain to digital gangrene. Published results from international studies of 135 DRIL procedures were also reviewed.RESULTS
Vascular access was maintained along with the elimination of ischaemic symptoms in the six patients using an ipsilateral reversed basilic vein graft. Interval ligation of the distal brachial artery was performed at the same time. All patients showed immediate and sustained clinical improvement of symptoms with a demonstrable increase in digital pulse oximetry.CONCLUSIONS
DRIL is a beneficial treatment option that has proven successful at alleviating ischemic steal symptoms and preserving vascular access. This avoids placement of central lines, its associated risks, and the need to create an alternative sited fistula. 相似文献155.
AK Salous H Ren KA Lamb X-Q Hu RH Lipsky RW Peoples 《British journal of pharmacology》2009,158(5):1395-1404
Background and purpose:
Alcohol produces its behavioural effects in part due to inhibition of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the CNS. Previous studies have identified amino acid residues in membrane-associated domains 3 (M3) and 4 (M4) of the NMDA receptor that influence ethanol sensitivity. In addition, in other alcohol-sensitive ion channels, sedative-hypnotic agents have in some cases been shown to act at sites distinct from the sites of ethanol action. In this study, we compared the influence of mutations at these sites on sensitivity to ethanol and trichloroethanol, a sedative-hypnotic agent that is a structural analogue of ethanol.Experimental approach:
We constructed panels of mutants at ethanol-sensitive positions in the GluN2A (NR2A) NMDA receptor subunit and transiently expressed these mutants in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. We used whole-cell patch-clamp recording to assess the actions of ethanol and trichloroethanol in these mutant NMDA receptors.Key results:
Ethanol sensitivity of mutants at GluN2A(Ala825) was not correlated with any physicochemical measures tested. Trichloroethanol sensitivity was altered in two of three ethanol-insensitive mutant GluN2A subunits: GluN2A(Phe637Trp) in M3 and GluN2A(Ala825Trp) in M4, but not GluN2A(Met823Trp). Trichloroethanol sensitivity decreased with increasing molecular volume at Phe637 or increasing hydrophobicity at Ala825 and was correlated with ethanol sensitivity at both sites.Conclusions and implications:
Evidence obtained to date is consistent with a role of GluN2A(Ala825) as a modulatory site for ethanol and trichloroethanol sensitivity, but not as a binding site. Trichloroethanol appears to inhibit the NMDA receptor in a manner similar, but not identical to, that of ethanol. 相似文献156.
Arthur R. Rademaker Rolf J. Kleber Elbert Geuze Eric Vermetten 《Biological psychology》2009,81(3):177-183
To account for individual differences in vulnerability for stress-related disorders, studies have examined the relationship between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning and personality. The present study examined the relationship between the free fraction of cortisol in saliva after awakening and personality as measured with Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory [Cloninger, C.R., Przybeck, T.R., Svrakic, D.M., Wetzel, R.D., 1994. The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI): A Guide to its Development and Use. Washington University, Center for Psychobiology of Personality, St. Louis, MO] in 107 healthy male soldiers. Harm avoidance explained 9% of variance in cortisol levels after awakening (AUCG), and harm avoidance and self-directedness predicted 10% of variance in mean cortisol increase. The cortisol awakening response (CAR) was lower in participants with low scores on harm avoidance, and mean cortisol increase after awakening was higher in soldiers high on self-directedness and harm avoidance. These results show that the CAR is related to personality and that it can be used to examine individual differences in HPA (re)activity. 相似文献
157.
T Collin AV Blackburn RH Milner C Gerrand M Ragbir 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2010,92(4):326-329
INTRODUCTION
This is a 7-year retrospective review summarising the North of England Bone and Soft Tissue Tumour Service''s experience of managing 13 cases of groin sarcoma requiring soft tissue flap reconstruction. This study was performed to try to identify where national referral guidelines in sarcoma management had been followed and reasons for any delays. The study also includes outcome data relating to these patients.PATIENTS AND METHODS
A retrospective, case-note review was undertaken using the local sarcoma database to identify approriate patients.RESULTS
In nine patients, national referral guidelines were not followed. This resulted in a mean delay of presentation to the multidisciplinary team of 4.4 months. Ten patients had unplanned excision or exploration of tumours before referral. There were no lower limb amputations. All patients with narrow margins or high grade tumours were referred for radiotherapy. Four patients died; three as a result of distant metastases and one as a result of local recurrence.CONCLUSIONS
Despite delays in referral, treatment by wide excision and plastic surgical reconstruction allowed for local control of these tumours with functional limb salvage. Implementation of National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines and local strategies could improve the expedient management of these patients. 相似文献158.
Elevated plasma arginine vasopressin levels in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
de Kloet CS Vermetten E Geuze E Wiegant VM Westenberg HG 《Journal of psychiatric research》2008,42(3):192-198
BACKGROUND: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning. Arginine vasopressin (AVP), in conjunction with corticotrophin releasing hormone, has shown to be an important modulator of the HPA axis. In order to evaluate the effect of trauma and PTSD on central AVP secretion we assessed plasma AVP levels in equally trauma exposed veterans with and without PTSD and a non-traumatized healthy control group. METHODS: Assessment of plasma AVP in 29 male veterans with PTSD, 29 traumatized veterans without PTSD, matched for age, gender, year and region of deployment (trauma controls), and 26 age matched healthy controls. RESULTS: Plasma AVP levels were higher in PTSD patients compared to both healthy controls (p = 0.004) and trauma controls (p < 0.001). In PTSD patients without a comorbid MDD a significant correlation was observed between plasma AVP levels and symptoms of avoidance measured with the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS). CONCLUSION: Elevated plasma AVP levels are specifically related to PTSD and not to exposure to traumatic stress during deployment. Our results indicate that AVP may play a role as an anxiogenic factor, but they do not support a role for AVP in the altered response to dexamethasone in PTSD. 相似文献
159.
EJ Eastham H Kirpalani D Francis R Gokal RH Jackson 《Archives of disease in childhood》1982,57(9):677-680
Ten children in end-stage renal failure were treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). This represents a total of 3.4 patient years. Biochemical control was good, and parent and patient acceptability high. Peritonitis was the chief complication, but after the institution of a specific CAPD education and training programme the incidence declined 10-fold. We regard CAPD as an effective short- and medium-term treatment for children with end-stage renal failure as part of an integrated dialysis and transplant programme, but it requires a devoted and enthusiastic trained staff to ensure success. 相似文献
160.
Xu M; Schut HA; Bjeldanes LF; Williams DE; Bailey GS; Dashwood RH 《Carcinogenesis》1997,18(11):2149-2153
Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) inhibits the formation of colonic aberrant crypt
foci and DNA adducts in rats given heterocyclic amine colon carcinogens,
such as 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ). Mechanism studies
indicate that I3C induces cytochromes P4501A1 and 1A2 (CYP1A1 and CYP1A2),
isozymes that respectively metabolize IQ via ring hydroxylation or activate
the carcinogen by N-hydroxylation. The present study examined the
dose-response for induction of CYP1A1 versus CYP1A2 by I3C, and compared
the profiles of induction with the dose- response for inhibition of IQ-DNA
adducts in the colon of the F344 rat. Dietary equivalent doses of I3C in
the range 100-1000 p.p.m. increased in a dose-related manner both
ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) and methoxyresorufin O-demethylase
(MROD) activities in the liver and colonic mucosa, and Western blots showed
a corresponding induction of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 proteins. However, dietary
equivalent doses of I3C in the range 10-25 p.p.m. (i) reduced hepatic EROD
and MROD activities and CYP1A protein levels compared with controls, (ii)
increased the ratio of CYP1A2 versus CYP1A1, and (iii) activated IQ to a
more potent mutagen when liver microsomes from rats given I3C were used for
metabolic activation in the Salmonella assay. Rats given a single oral dose
of I3C shortly before administering IQ (5 mg/kg body wt, p.o.) exhibited
dose-related inhibition of colonic IQ-DNA adducts in the range 25-100
p.p.m. I3C, reaching 95% inhibition at doses > or = 100 p.p.m. I3C, but
IQ-DNA adducts were elevated slightly at the lowest I3C dose as compared
with the controls. The possible significance of the low versus high dose
effects of I3C are discussed in the context of human dietary exposures to
I3C and the reported chemopreventive mechanisms of I3C in vivo.
相似文献