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101.
Heinemann J Gillen G Sanchez-Ramos L Kaunitz AM 《American journal of obstetrics and gynecology》2008,199(2):177-188
The purpose of this study was to review systematically randomized controlled trials that were associated with cervical ripening. We identified randomized controlled trials that compared the use of Foley catheter, with or without extraamniotic saline solution infusion, Laminaria, or hygroscopic dilators for cervical ripening or induction with pharmacologic agents or placebo. Randomized controlled trials that evaluated maternal or neonatal infection were selected. The outcomes that were assessed were maternal and neonatal infection, chorioamnionitis, and endomyometritis. Thirty studies met inclusion criteria. Compared with the use of pharmacologic methods alone, patients who underwent cervical ripening with mechanical agents had a significantly higher rate of maternal infection rates. Similar results were noted for patients who underwent ripening with Foley catheter alone in comparison with pharmacologic agents. No difference was noted in maternal infection rates for patients who underwent ripening with extraamniotic saline solution infusion, Laminaria, or hygroscopic dilators. Compared with the use of pharmacologic agents alone, maternal and neonatal infectious morbidity appears to be increased when mechanical agents are used for cervical ripening. 相似文献
102.
Nicola Disma Davinia Withington Mary Ellen McCann Rodney Wayne Hunt Sarah Jane Arnup Francesca Izzo Jurgen C. de Graaff Girolamo Mattioli Neil Morton Geoff Frawley Andrew Davidson Anne Lynn Peter Szmuk Joss John Thomas Philip Ragg Alessio Pini Prato 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(9):1643-1650
103.
Yichao Hu Yinxuan Qiu Jian Chen Liangyuan Hao Thomas Edward Rufford Victor Rudolph Geoff Wang 《Materials》2022,15(6)
Introducing CO2 electrochemical conversion technology to the iron-making blast furnace not only reduces CO2 emissions, but also produces H2 as a byproduct that can be used as an auxiliary reductant to further decrease carbon consumption and emissions. With adequate H2 supply to the blast furnace, the injection of H2 is limited because of the disadvantageous thermodynamic characteristics of the H2 reduction reaction in the blast furnace. This paper presents thermodynamic analysis of H2 behaviour at different stages with the thermal requirement consideration of an iron-making blast furnace. The effect of injecting CO2 lean top gas and CO2 conversion products H2–CO gas through the raceway and/or shaft tuyeres are investigated under different operating conditions. H2 utilisation efficiency and corresponding injection volume are studied by considering different reduction stages. The relationship between H2 injection and coke rate is established. Injecting 7.9–10.9 m3/tHM of H2 saved 1 kg/tHM coke rate, depending on injection position. Compared with the traditional blast furnace, injecting 80 m3/tHM of H2 with a medium oxygen enrichment rate (9%) and integrating CO2 capture and conversion reduces CO2 emissions from 534 to 278 m3/tHM. However, increasing the hydrogen injection amount causes this iron-making process to consume more energy than a traditional blast furnace does. 相似文献
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Shawn Winer Geoff Paltser Yin Chan Hubert Tsui Edgar Engleman Daniel Winer H.‐Michael Dosch 《European journal of immunology》2009,39(9):2629-2635
Obesity is associated with numerous inflammatory conditions including atherosclerosis, autoimmune disease and cancer. Although the precise mechanisms are unknown, obesity‐associated rises in TNF‐α, IL‐6 and TGF‐β are believed to contribute. Here we demonstrate that obesity selectively promotes an expansion of the Th17 T‐cell sublineage, a subset with prominent pro‐inflammatory roles. T‐cells from diet‐induced obese mice expand Th17 cell pools and produce progressively more IL‐17 than lean littermates in an IL‐6‐dependent process. The increased Th17 bias was associated with more pronounced autoimmune disease as confirmed in two disease models, EAE and trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid colitis. In both, diet‐induced obese mice developed more severe early disease and histopathology with increased IL‐17+ T‐cell pools in target tissues. The well‐described association of obesity with inflammatory and autoimmune disease is mechanistically linked to a Th17 bias. 相似文献
109.
Katharina Jähn Volker Braunstein Pamela I Furlong Angharad E Simpson R Geoff Richards Martin J Stoddart 《Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research》2010,5(1):32
Background
Bone graft studies lack standardized controls. We aim to present a quick and reliable method for the intra-operative generation of acellular bone explants. 相似文献110.