易感小鼠花生过敏诱导的中毒反应

花生过敏是造成人ＩｇＥ诱导中毒反应的主要原因之一,本试验组制作Ｃ３Ｈ小鼠动物模型,并给其口服花生蛋白（ＰＮ）及霍乱毒素（ＣＴｘ）,然后在腹腔内注射ＰＮ（溶于明矾中的ＰＮ）,使这种鼠即刻发生高度敏感症状（包括致死性的中毒反应）及花生特异性ＩｇＥ水平增高,血浆息斯地明水平、脱颗粒肥大细胞及血管渗漏水平也大幅度升高。对照组小鼠未给药或仅仅接受了ＣＴｘ,则未显示出花生特异性ＩｇＥ水平升高及中毒症状。本文又分析了几种与中毒反应有关的参数。结果证明,小鼠花生过敏中毒反应与人花生过敏类似,同时小鼠花生过敏中毒反应模型,为研究中毒性免疫病理发生机制及研究更有效的治疗方案提供了一个有用的工具。     

前胡丙素与硝苯啶对大鼠工作心脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

大鼠ip前胡丙素(Pra-C 15 mg/kg,bid×3d)和硝苯啶(Nif 60μg/kg,bid×3d),使离体缺血再灌注工作心脏的收缩(AP,LVSP,+dP/dt_max)舒张(-dP/dt_max LVEDP和T值)性能在35min时得到改善,尤以舒张性能改善明显,并能促进CO,CF,SV及HR恢复,改善心脏工作效率,减少CK释放和心肌线粒体钙含量,表明Pra-C和Nif对心肌缺血都有保护作用,Pra-C的效应与Nif相近。     

头皮糠疹与巯氧吡啶锌

头皮糠疹是常见病是多发病,临床表现为头皮红斑和脱屑,提示皮损部位表皮结构和功能异常,头皮角质层代谢紊乱,最近对头皮糠疹病因和病理的研究证实马拉色菌,皮脂分泌和个体敏感性是形成上述皮损的3个关键因素,硫氧吡啶锌（PTZ或ZPT）可以有效地杀灭马拉色菌,PTZ的颗粒大小和形状对其在头皮的生物利用度有明显的影响。此外,PTZ的抗菌效果有赖于其分子结构的完整性,在外用制剂中加入附加的游离锌,可以有效防止PTZ解离,从而提高其疗效。     

Dissociable medial frontal negativities from a common monitoring system for self- and externally caused failure of goal achievement

Goal-directed behavior requires the ability to adapt performance strategies based on the attribution of unintended outcomes to internal or external causes. Using event-related brain potentials, the present research compared neural activity following self-generated errors induced by a flanker task and following externally generated errors induced by supposed “technical malfunctions”. Errors and malfunctions were associated with temporally dissociable ERP components, the short-latency error-related negativity (ERN) and the longer-latency feedback-related negativity (FRN), respectively. Independent component analysis (ICA) was applied to compare the underlying neural components of ERN and FRN. ICA results revealed that the FRN is attributable to the neural sources of the ERN, suggesting that the two components share a source network. Furthermore, single-trial amplitudes of ERN and FRN were specifically related to the implementation of error correction and malfunction compensation: the stronger the failure signal, the more efficient was remedial behavior. Together the results demonstrate that internally and externally generated unintended action outcomes engage a common monitoring mechanism that manifests in two temporally distinct ERP components and induces similar compensatory processes. The temporal dissociation of the ERP components might provide the basis for further processes of outcome attribution underlying action selection and changes in performance strategy. In line with recent neuroimaging findings, ERN and FRN appear to reflect the use of different sources of information about action outcome to update action value.