EFFECTS OF SARAFOTOXIN S6c ON RENAL HAEMODYNAMICS AND URINE FORMATION IN ANAESTHETIZED DOGS

1. The effects of sarafotoxin S6c (S6c), a selective endothelin ETB receptor agonist, on renal haemodynamics and urine formation were examined in anaesthetized dogs. 2. Intrarenal arterial infusion of S6c at a rate of 1 or 5 ng/kg per min produced a transient increase in renal blood flow (RBF), with no change in systemic blood pressure and heart rate; RBF then decreased gradually to below the basal value. There were significant and dose-dependent increases in urine flow and free water clearance and decreases in urine osmolality during S6c infusion, whereas urinary excretion of sodium and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) remained unchanged. Simultaneously, S6c administration elicited a marked increase in urinary excretion of nitric oxide (NO) metabolites, N0₂^? and N0₃^? (UNO*V). 3. In dogs simultaneously administered S6c (5 ng/kg per min) and iV^G-nitro-L-arginine (NOARG; 40 (jig/kg per min), a NO synthase inhibitor, the renal vasodilator effect of S6c was abolished and marked reductions in RBF and GFR were observed. The S6c-induced diuretic action was not affected by NOARG. In the presence of NOARG, there was a small amount of UNO_xV at the basal level and the administration of S6c did not increase UNOxV. 4. These results suggest that an intrarenal arterial infusion of S6c enhances the production of NO in the kidney and that this enhancement contributes to the peptide-induced renal vasodilation. In contrast, it is unlikely that S6c-induced water diuresis is related to NO production stimulated by this peptide.     

评价酶联免疫检测血清CYFRA21—1对非小细胞肺癌的诊断价值

目的评价检测ＣＹＦＲＡ２１┐１对非小细胞肺癌的诊断价值。方法用ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定７０例肺癌（ＬＣ）其中４７例非小细胞肺癌（ＮＳＣＬＣ），３例小细胞肺癌（ＳＣＬＣ）和２０例未分型肺癌、６４例肺部良性疾病患者及４０例健康人血清ＣＹＦＲＡ２１┐１浓度。试验的诊断性能用相对操作特征（ＲＯＣ）分析法估测之。结果测得全阈诊断准确率（ＯｖｅｒａｌＤｉａｇ┐ｎｏｓｔｉｃＡｃｃｕｒａｃｉｅｓ）ＬＣ为０．７５、ＮＳＣＬＣ为０．７６，ＳＱＣ为０．８３，ＡＤＥ为０．６７和ＳＣＬＣ为０．３８。在相应于特异性为０．９５的界定值３．４７μｇ／Ｌ处，各型的灵敏度分别为ＳＱＣ０．６２，ＬＣ０．５３，ＮＳＣＬＣ０．５１，ＡＤＥ０．４８和ＳＣＬＣ０．００。结论结果显示ＣＹＦＲＡ２１┐１是ＮＳＣＬＣ较灵敏和特异的一个标志物。未观察到ＴＮＭ各期间该标志物的平均水平有明显的差异；然而异常升高水平的患者的比例随病期的进展而显著增加，提示一系列检测ＣＹＦＲＡ２１┐１水平可能有助于监查ＮＳＣＬＣ患者的疗效。     

Imipramine administered during an infantile period modifies sex difference in L-5-hydroxytryptophan-induced head shakes in rats

Five mg/kg imipramine or desipramine was injected to infantile rats. L-5-Hydroxytryptophan-induced head shakes were assessed when rats were mature. The saline- and desipramine-treated adult male rats exhibited more sustained response to L-5-HTP than females. The time course of the head shake frequency in the imipramine-treated male and female rats showed a pattern between control males and females, resulting in no significant sex difference. The results suggest that infantile exposure to imipramine induces an alteration of the serotonergic neurons of the brain.     

Effect of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor antagonist (midaglizole) on gastrointestinal motility in conscious dogs

To clarify the physiological role of the mechanism that adrenergic nerve inhibits Ach release from intramural cholinergic nerve endings, the influence of Midaglizole, alpha 2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, to postprandial gastrointestinal motilities in conscious dogs was investigated. Postprandial motilities of gastric antrum, duodenum, ileum, and colon were significantly enhanced by Midaglizole (3.0-5.0 mg/kg body weight, i.v.). These excitatory responses were abolished by atropine (0.05-0.1 mg/kg body weight, i.v.). On the other hand, in most cases (29 cases out of 32), when Midaglizole was administered during quiesent phase of IMC, no change occurred in gastrointestinal motility. However, after subliminal dose of pentagastrin or cisapride, which stimulated Ach release from intramural cholinergic neuron without development of motility, was administered, Midaglizole induced phasic, postprandial motility-like contraction in gastrointestinal tract. Even in the fasted state, when Midaglizole was administered intragastrically, irregular contractions with high amplitude occurred in every regions from gastric antrum to colon. And these excitatory responses were abolished by atropine. Similar reaction was observed also in truncal vagotomized dogs. These results suggest that it is the physiological mechanism that adrenergic nerve presynaptically inhibits Ach release from intramural cholinergic neuron, which is the main mechanism of development of postprandial motility, acting on alpha 2-adrenergic receptor, and has tonic control of postprandial motility.     

A case of diphenylhydantoin-induced pneumonitis]

A 60-year-old man had been administered diphenylhydantoin (DPH) for prevention of convulsive seizures following clipping of an aneurysm of the middle cerebral artery. About one month after the commencement of DPH administration, he developed cough and low grade fever. He was treated with various antibiotics, but his condition increasingly worsened. Chest X-ray film revealed bilateral interstitial processes throughout the entire lung fields. Transbronchial lung biopsy was performed and the obtained specimen showed histological findings compatible with drug-induced pneumonitis. Administration of DPH was stopped immediately and 50 mg/day of prednisolone was started. The patient's condition rapidly improved, and the abnormal shadows on chest X-ray film gradually diminished. The lymphocyte stimulation test by DPH was positive with a stimulation index of 282%.     

Accessory Scrotum with Penoscrotal Transposition and Retrocerebellar Arachnoid Cyst: A Case Report

A 2-year-old boy presented with an accessory scrotum associated with penoscrotal transposition and a perineal lipoma. He also had a retrocerebellar arachnoid cyst. The accessory scrotum was resected with concurrent scrotoplasty. The retrocerebellar arachnoid cyst was seen on a subsequent brain computed tomography scan and was left untreated because there was no evidence that the volume was increasing.     

Microsurgical and magnetic resonance imaging anatomy of the cerebello-medullary fissure and its application during fourth ventricle surgery.

The cerebellomedullary fissure, the only entrance or exit to the fourth ventricle, is surrounded rostrally by the cerebellar tonsils and the biventral lobules and caudally by the medulla oblongata, the tela choroidea, and the lateral recesses. This fissure is an important route in operations on the fourth ventricle. We studied the microsurgical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) anatomy of the fissure by using autopsied normal cerebellum. MRI revealed that the fissure is visible as a slit and is indicated by the enhanced choroid plexus and the flocculus. Oriented by the anatomical information thus obtained, we have surgically treated nine patients with a tumor either in or around the fourth ventricle. Preoperative MRI clearly demonstrated the tumors in relation to the cerebellomedullary fissure. It revealed the precise anatomical location and extension of the tumor, not only its inferior extension but also its lateral one. The MRI findings and microsurgical anatomy of the cerebellomedullary fissure were quite useful for the removal of the tumors in the fourth ventricle.     

Clinical study on low body temperature in health subjects

During last year, 931 men aged 51.0 +/- 9.5 years participated in our hospital's 3-day health screening. Their axillary temperature were taken 3 times per day (twice each, at 6:00 a.m., 2:00 p.m. and 6:00 p.m.) during their 3-day stay and the mean axillary temperature was determined for each subject. In 72 among all subjects, the mean axillary temperature was below 36 degrees C. These 72 subjects were classified as low-temperature individuals with normal temperature below 36 degrees C. This study was designed to compare low-temperature subjects with mean axillary temperature, on various factors, such as age, degree of obesity, liver function, renal function, lipids, electrolytes, and biochemical data (blood glucose, serum amylase, and CPK). This study also included seasonal changes in these low-temperature subjects. The following results were obtained. 1) Age was most closely related to low-axillary temperature, and the degree of obesity (modified Broca-Katsura method) had second significant relation. The low-axillary temperature was in common in subjects over 60 years and was also common in obese subjects, regardless of their age. 2) No seasonal effect was observed with low-temperature subjects. 3) Only the age and the degree of obesity (modified Broca-Katsura method) showed negative correlation independently with the mean axillary temperature. (For age, the correlation coefficient was Y = -0.006539X + 36.491, while for obesity it was Y = -0.004536X + 36.203.) Therefore the older and the more obese the subjects, the lower the mean axillary temperature.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Clinicopathologic Study of Angiogenesis in Japanese Patients with Breast Cancer

p = 0.0007) and tumor necrosis (TN) (HMC: p = 0.0050). Univariate analysis showed that AMC or HMC was a statistically significant predictor of overall survival in all patients ( p = 0.0086 and p = 0.0307, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that AMC was an independent predictor of node status when we fitted a model with node status, BVI, and either AMC or HMC; but HMC was not independent. However, when we fitted a model including all 11 of the other indicators and AMC or HMC, the node status, HG, and LI were independent predictors, but AMC and HMC were not. Although AMC was a better method than HMC for evaluating angiogenesis, we cannot confirm angiogenesis as a significant independent prognostic factor associated with long-term survival in Japanese breast cancer patients.     

A case of pregnancy in a woman with cloacal dysgenesis and a rudimentary uterine horn

Cloacal dysgenesis is frequently associated with uterine anomalies. We report a case of pregnancy which resulted in an abortion in a woman with a persistent cloaca. Presumptive diagnosis before operation was ectopic pregnancy of the left tube. Postoperatively, the site of implantation of the conceptus was found to be the cavity of a unicornuate uterus in association with a rudimentary horn, the presence of which misled us to diagnose an ectopic pregnancy.