Longitudinal anthropometric study in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

In four groups of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, anthropometric variables were investigated every 3 months for 2 years. Group 1 (n = 7) was treated with a high-risk protocol, group 2 (n = 13) with a standard-risk protocol including cranial irradiation, group 3 (n = 13) with a standard-risk protocol without cranial irradiation and group 4 (n = 8) was followed after completion of treatment. A height retardation of 0.4-0.6 SD was observed during therapy in groups 1-3. A catch-up of 0.5 SD was found in group 4. The retardation of armspan was significantly larger than the retardation of sitting height when groups 1-3 were taken together. Head circumference was not affected. The anthropometric variables reflecting nutritional status showed a growth above normal during and after treatment. Corticosteroid medication and not cranial irradiation is the most likely explanation for our findings.     

Arteriovenous fistula of the internal maxillary artery: treatment with transarterial embolization

Six patients with arteriovenous fistulas of the internal maxillary artery were treated with transarterial embolization. The patients ranged in age from 19 to 47 years, with a mean of 26.5 years. Each had a lifelong history of symptoms suggestive of a congenital origin of symptoms. There was no history of trauma. The most common initial symptoms were bruit (83%), pulsatile mass (67%), and pain (50%). In one patient prior surgical ligation of the external carotid artery had been attempted, but it led to aggravation of headaches. All patients were treated with placement of a detachable balloon at the fistula site. In one patient the balloon migrated through the fistula, which was retreated with coils. Complete obliteration of the fistula was achieved in all patients. The follow-up ranged from 2 months to 10 years, with a mean of 5.2 years. Congenital arteriovenous fistulas of the internal maxillary artery are rare and can be treated effectively with transvascular techniques.     

Dural fistulas involving the transverse and sigmoid sinuses: results of treatment in 28 patients

Twenty-eight symptomatic dural fistulas involving the transverse and sigmoid sinuses were treated between 1978 and 1986 with a variety of treatment modalities. Occipital artery compression therapy resulted in a complete cure in two of nine patients (22%) and improvement in three of nine (33%). There were no complications from this treatment. Patients who were excluded or in whom compression therapy failed were treated with embolization alone or in conjunction with surgery. Of the 17 patients who underwent embolization alone, ten were cured and six were improved. Six patients had a combination of embolization and surgery; four patients were cured and two improved. There were three complications in this series, one related to surgery and two related to embolization.     

胸腺内注射异基因抗原对同种异体鼠坐骨神经移植免疫反应的影响

目的:降低移植神经的抗原性、抑制异体神经移植中的排斥反应是目前的研究焦点。观察小鼠胸腺内注射异基因抗原对异体鼠坐骨神经移植存活的干预作用。方法:实验于2006-06/2007-05在哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院实验室完成,实验方法符合动物伦理学要求。①选用雄性C57BL/6(H-2b)供体鼠32只,雌性Balb/c(H-2d)受体鼠44只,将坐骨神经移植受体鼠按随机数字表法分为4组(n=11):主要组织相容性复合物(H-2b)抗原注射组自供体小鼠的脾细胞中提取抗原注入受体鼠胸腺内,于2周后移植供体鼠坐骨神经;免疫抑制剂组移植前3d开始腹腔注射环孢霉素A;异体神经移植组、自体神经移植组单纯进行异体及自体神经移植。②于神经移植3周后进行电生理学、组织学及免疫学检测。结果:44只受体鼠全部进入结果分析。①坐骨神经移植段的神经传导速度:异体神经移植组显著小于主要组织相容性复合物(H-2b)抗原注射组(P<0.05),自体神经移植组显著大于主要组织相容性复合物(H-2b)抗原注射组(P<0.05),主要组织相容性复合物(H-2b)抗原注射组与免疫抑制剂组差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。②组织学检查证明自体神经移植组及主要组织相容性复合物(H-2b)抗原注射组均有大量神经纤维再生,并已通过移植体。③混合淋巴细胞反应及迟发型超敏反应结果:主要组织相容性复合物(H-2b)抗原注射组对供体小鼠淋巴细胞反应呈特异性减弱,与异体神经移植组及免疫抑制剂组比较其差异具有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:胸腺内注射异基因主要组织相容性复合物抗原可诱导对异体坐骨神经移植的特异性免疫耐受,神经恢复效果优于单纯异体神经移植,等同于免疫抑制剂使用组。     

巴马地区百岁老人心理健康调查

目的:调查广西巴马地区100岁以上老人的心理健康状况,评估心理因素对该地区老人长寿的影响程度。方法:①以广西巴马地区80岁以上人口构成为基准,以乡为单位进行整群抽样,抽取巴马县甲篆乡作为调查单位,以2004-03-01零点为准,凡超过100岁者全部纳入。②应用《长寿地区老人心理健康调查表》调查,主要包括一般项目(自然情况、生活习惯、近期服药与心身健康状况、社会活动与人际交往和社会支持等)、简易智能状态检查、日常生活能力量表、流调用抑郁自评量表等,测定老年人的认知功能、日常生活能力、抑郁情绪。结果:①共调查100岁以上老人30名,男8名,女22名,平均年龄(103.50±2.52)岁。②20%既往有饮酒习惯;既往抽烟率7%,现已全部戒烟;18kg/m2≤体质量指数≤25kg/m2者占47%;73%每天睡眠6～12h;63%从未就医;57%经常锻炼身体。③33%未发现明显器质性疾病,90%无躯体残疾,93%自我心理感觉良好。④73%还参加一项以上活动,87%有与朋友相聚习惯,47%没有感到孤独感,100%有健在子女,60`岁后,每天仍从事8h以上的生产劳动。⑤简易智能状态检查和流调用抑郁自评量表得分与常模比较差异不显著(P>0.05),日常生活能力量表得分低于常模(P<0.05)。⑥成功老龄检出率为17%,常态老龄检出率为50%,轻度认知功能损害检出率为33%。结论:巴马地区100岁以上老人有许多心身健康特点,包括良好的生活习性,稳定的性格和心境,其认知功能、自我心理感觉、人际关系与社会支持相当好,日常生活能力虽有下降,但大部分仍坚持进行家务劳动,抑郁情绪和躯体疾病少,常态老龄有相当的保持率,提示科学的行为方式加上良好的自然环境与社会环境是该地区100岁以上老人长寿的重要因素。