蝙蝠葛苏林碱的抗致心律失常性迟后除极

应用标准微电极技术，探讨蝙蝠葛苏林碱(Ds)对豚鼠心室乳头肌迟后除极(DAD)和触发活动(TA)的影响。DS 50 um01.L^-1可消除哇巴因和咖啡因引起的TA，抑制异丙肾上腺素诱发TA。使低K⁺高Ca²⁺、苯肾上腺素诱导TA的发生率分别由 100，75％降低到9.1及22.2％，显著抑制上述因素诱发的DAD。表明Ds对DAD和TA有良好的抑制作用。     

Peripheral vascular disease: prospective study of intraarterial digital subtraction angiography using a 9-inch intensifier

A prospective randomized study was undertaken to evaluate the role of intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (IADSA) in the study of peripheral vascular disease. Patients underwent either conventional film-based angiography alone, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) alone, or a combined study. With a 9-inch image intensifier, DSA alone resulted in cost savings of film and contrast material but required a significantly longer examination period than the other groups and an increased iodine dose per examination. When the images were analyzed by a radiologist and a vascular surgeon, the DSA studies provided less detail in the aortoiliac region than the other techniques but had advantages in demonstrating the runoff vessels. IADSA examination should not replace conventional arteriography in patients with peripheral vascular disease but has a useful complementary role.     

Vagal neuropathy: evaluation with CT and MR imaging

The vagus nerve, as a result of its protracted course from the brain stem to the abdomen, can present a difficult imaging problem when it is compromised by a clinically occult lesion. The clinical and radiologic records of 48 patients with suspected vagus nerve dysfunction were reviewed to derive an efficient and effective approach to imaging this patient population. An imaging algorithm is proposed in which vagal neuropathies are divided both clinically and radiologically into proximal and distal categories. Proximal vagal lesions are part of a cranial neuropathy complex and have associated oropharyngeal signs and symptoms (e.g., abnormal gag reflex, uvular deviation). Distal vagal lesions occur as an isolated paralysis of the vagus nerve with no symptoms or signs referable to the oropharynx. Either computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging can be used to diagnose proximal or distal lesions. However, CT will be insensitive in the detection of the more cephalic proximal lesions, especially those in the brain stem, basal cisterns, and skull base.     

Mortality in Dutch hospitals: Trends in time,place and cause of death after admission for myocardial infarction and stroke. An observational study

Background  

Patterns in time, place and cause of death can have an important impact on calculated hospital mortality rates. Objective is to quantify these patterns following myocardial infarction and stroke admissions in Dutch hospitals during the period 1996–2003, and to compare trends in the commonly used 30-day in-hospital mortality rates with other types of mortality rates which use more extensive follow-up in time and place of death.     

Reassessment of cochlear dead regions in hearing-impaired teenagers with severe-to-profound hearing loss

The aim of this study was to reassess cochlear dead regions after an interval of twelve months, using the Threshold Equalising Noise (TEN) test. Thirty-four ears of 24 teenagers (mean age of 14 years) with longstanding severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing impairment were tested. Testing was repeated after an interval of 12 months using the same experimental set-up. A total of eight (23.5%) out of 34 ears changed category on retest: this decreased to two (7.1%) out of 27 ears when the inconclusive category was removed from the analysis. In both of these ears (of the same participant) the criteria were met at a single frequency, and the masked threshold was only 10 dB above the TEN level per ERB_N. When all of the data were examined on a frequency-by-frequency basis, the instances that changed category ranged from 15 to 51%. The range decreased to between 4 and 34% when the inconclusive category was removed from the analysis.