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Lucy Yardley David Papo Adolfo Bronstein Michael Gresty Mark Gardner Nilli Lavie Linda Luxon 《Neuropsychologia》2002,40(4):373-383
The aim of this series of experiments was to determine whether attention is normally required for continuously processing vestibular information concerning orientation, or is required only when orientation is disrupted (eg by vestibular dysfunction or by conflicting visual and vestibular orientation cues). In the first two studies, healthy subjects were passively oscillated, and indicated when they perceived they were passing through their starting position. There was only weak evidence for interference between performance on this 'continuous orientation monitoring task' and on concurrent mental tasks. However, a third study showed that when patients with vestibular imbalance carried out the continuous orientation monitoring task their performance on a concurrent mental arithmetic task was substantially impaired. This dual task interference was correlated with inaccuracy in judging orientation on the continuous orientation monitoring task, which in turn correlated with severity of recent vestibular symptomatology (assessed by questionnaire). In a fourth experiment, disorientation was induced in healthy subjects by rotating the visual field about the line of sight. Bidirectional interference was observed between monitoring orientation (assessed by accuracy in setting a rod to the perceived vertical) and performance of an arithmetic task. Dual task interference was correlated with baseline levels of disorientation induced by the visual field, as indicated by inaccuracy in judging the visual vertical. These findings suggest that monitoring orientation makes significant demands upon cortical processing resources when disorientation is induced, whether the disorientation results from deficient sensory functioning or from ambiguous perceptual information. 相似文献
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M. Laurin Council Jennifer M. Gardner Cynthia Helms Ying Liu Lynn A. Cornelius Anne M. Bowcock 《Experimental dermatology》2009,18(5):485-487
Abstract: The risks of developing malignant melanoma (MM) include ultraviolet irradiation and genetic factors. To examine the contribution of rare and common variation within known MM genes in sporadic US MM patients, coding regions of known MM susceptibility genes [cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A ( CDKN2A ), cyclin-dependent kinase 4, melanocortin 1 receptor ( MC1R ) and tyrosinase ( TYR )] were resequenced in 109–135 MM cases. The significance of variants was examined by comparing their frequencies in 390 cancer-free controls. Potential deleterious mutations in CDKN2A were found in two patients and two others had variants of unknown significance. Cases were more likely than controls to harbour the MC1R 'R' variants known or predicted to alter its function ( P = 0.002), particularly the R160W variant ( P = 0.0035). The associated TYR R402Q variant (rs1126809*A) was found in 29% of cases, similar to what has been described previously. One MM patient with a family history of MM, who had developed other skin cancers, was homozygous for a novel TYR variant (P406L) of unknown significance. Hence, rare variants in TYR may be important risk factors for skin cancer. 相似文献
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Christopher D Gardner James L Zehnder Alison J Rigby Joel R Nicholus John W Farquhar 《Blood coagulation & fibrinolysis》2007,18(8):787-793
Several case reports have implicated Ginkgo biloba in clinically adverse bleeding disorders. Ginkgo biloba has been reported to increase pain-free walking distance among patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Standard PAD therapy includes 325 mg/day aspirin. The objective of this study was to examine potential adverse effects of concomitant aspirin and Ginkgo biloba on platelet function. Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761, 300 mg/day) was compared with placebo for effects on measures of platelet aggregation among adults consuming 325 mg/day aspirin in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design trial of 4-week duration. Participants were adults, age 69 +/- 10 years, with PAD or risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Outcome measures included platelet function analysis (PFA-100 analyzer) using ADP as an agonist (n = 26 placebo; n = 29 ginkgo), and platelet aggregation using ADP, epinephrine, collagen and ristocetin as agonists (n = 21 placebo; n = 23 ginkgo). Participants kept daily logs of bleeding or bruising episodes. There were no clinically or statistically significant differences between treatment groups for any agonists, for either PFA-100 analysis or platelet aggregation. Reports of bleeding or bruising were infrequent and similar for both study groups. In conclusion, in older adults with PAD or cardiovascular disease risk, a relatively high dose of Ginkgo biloba combined with 325 mg/day daily aspirin did not have a clinically or statistically detectable impact on indices of coagulation examined over 4 weeks, compared with the effect of aspirin alone. No adverse bleeding events were observed, although the trial was limited to a small sample size. 相似文献
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Treatment of dyskeratosis congenita with Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor and Erythropoietin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Blanche P. Alter Frank H. Gardner & Robert E. Hall 《British journal of haematology》1997,97(2):309-311
Aplastic anaemia is both frequent and difficult to manage in patients with dyskeratosis congenita (DC). We recently treated a 23-year-old male for a year with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and erythropoietin (Ep), with an excellent neutrophil response, and a transient effect on haemoglobin levels. G-CSF alone or combined with other cytokines may provide at least a partial effect in pancytopenic patients with DC. 相似文献
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Estimating with confidence 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
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