mir-300 Promotes Self-Renewal and Inhibits the Differentiation of Glioma Stem-Like Cells

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that have been critically implicated in several human cancers. miRNAs are thought to participate in various biological processes, including proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and even the regulation of the stemness properties of cancer stem cells. In this study, we explore the potential role of miR-300 in glioma stem-like cells (GSLCs). We isolated GSLCs from glioma biopsy specimens and identified the stemness properties of the cells through neurosphere formation assays, multilineage differentiation ability analysis, and immunofluorescence analysis of glioma stem cell markers. We found that miR-300 is commonly upregulated in glioma tissues, and the expression of miR-300 was higher in GSLCs. The results of functional experiments demonstrated that miR-300 can enhance the self-renewal of GSLCs and reduce differentiation toward both astrocyte and neural fates. In addition, LZTS2 is a direct target of miR-300. In conclusion, our results demonstrate the critical role of miR-300 in GSLCs and its functions in LZTS2 inhibition and describe a new approach for the molecular regulation of tumor stem cells.     

Is wound drainage necessary in hip arthroplasty? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Purpose

The use of closed suction drainage systems for hip arthroplasty (HA) is a common practice. However, the effectiveness and safety are still questionable. Thus, the aim of this meta-analysis was to review the advantages and adverse effects of closed suction drainage systems in hip arthroplasty.

Methods

All randomized or quasi-randomized trials comparing the use of closed suction drainage systems with no drainage systems for hip arthroplasty were searched in PubMed, Medicine, EMBASE and other internet databases. We assessed the methodological quality of the studies and abstracted the relevant data independently.

Results

Sixteen studies involving 1,663 participants with surgical wounds comparing HA with and without the use of drainage were included in our analysis. Our results demonstrated blood transfusion was required more frequently the same as the persistent discharge in those who received drains. No significant differences in the incidence of wound hematoma, dehiscence or deep vein thrombosis were found between those allocated to drains and the non-drained wounds. Wound infection and the range of movement of the joint after surgery were similar between the two groups.

Conclusions

Based on the current evidence, there is insufficient evidence to support the routine use of closed suction drainage in hip arthroplasty. At the same time, our meta-analysis study suggested that using of closed suction drainage in HA increased requirement for postoperative blood transfusion. However, there is a moderate possibility of selection bias and publication bias in this review. Because of the limited number of studies which may weaken the strength of the evidence of our results, more samples, high-quality randomized trials are needed to increase the reliability of evidences.

Level of evidence

II.     

鼻咽癌患者淋巴细胞近端着丝粒染色体随体联合频率的分析

本文对60例鼻咽癌患者用银染及非银染方法比较分析了近端着丝粒染色体随体联合的频率(SAs及Ag-AA),发现每细胞平均出现的SAs及Ag-AA分别为0.55和1.29(P<0.01)。D、G组染色体在随体联合中的比例分别为DSAf0.620及0.597,GSAf为0.380及0.403,具有随机性。G显带证实13、14、21号染色体更多地参与随体联合。     

复方聚乙二醇电解质散在老年肠道准备的临床观察

目的 比较甘露醇、蓖麻油、复方聚乙二醇电解质散在老年科肠道镜检肠道准备的效果、耐受性及不良反应发生率.方法 选取门诊及同期住院进行肠镜检查的93例老年病人(分为甘露醇组31例,蓖麻油组32例,复方聚乙二醇电解质散组30例),对肠道准备过程中清洁肠道的效果、病人的耐受性和胃肠道反应情况进行比较.结果 甘露醇组、蓖麻油组、复方聚乙二醇电解质散组发生肠胃肠道反应者分别为7例、12例和3例,复方聚乙二醇电解质散组与前两组比较,p＜0.05;不能耐受者甘露醇组、蓖麻油组和复方聚乙二醇电解质散组分别为7例、9例和1例,复方聚乙二醇电解质散组与前两组比较,p＜0.05;肠道清洁度Ⅰ Ⅱ级者甘露醇组、蓖麻油组和复方聚乙二醇电解质散组分别为12例、11例和28例,复方聚乙二醇电解质散组明显优于前2组,p＜0.05.结论 复方聚乙二醇电解质散有明显的泻下作用,病人耐受性好,胃肠道反应少而轻,清洁肠道效果明显优于甘露醇和蓖麻油.     

Antibiotic resistance and OXA-type carbapenemases-encoding genes in airborne Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from burn wards

The study was conducted to investigate drug resistance, OXA-type carbapenemases-encoding genes and genetic diversity in airborne Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) in burn wards. Airborne A. baumannii were collected in burn wards and their corridors using Andersen 6-stage air sampler from January to June 2011. The isolates susceptibility to 13 commonly used antibiotics was examined according to the CLSI guidelines; OXA-type carbapenemases-encoding genes and molecular diversity of isolates were analyzed, respectively. A total of 16 non-repetitive A. baumannii were isolated, with 10 strains having a resistance rate of greater than 50% against the 13 antibiotics. The resistance rate against ceftriaxone, cyclophosvnamide, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem was 93.75% (15/16), but no isolate observed to be resistant to cefoperazone/sulbactam. Resistance gene analyses showed that all 16 isolates carried OXA-51, and 15 isolates carried OXA-23 except No.15; but OXA-24 and OXA-58 resistance genes not detected. The isolates were classified into 13 genotypes (A-M) according to repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence PCR (REP-PCR) results and only six isolates had a homology ≥90%. In conclusion, airborne A. baumannii in the burn wards had multidrug resistance and complex molecular diversity, and OXA-23 and OXA-51 were dominant mechanisms for resisting carbapenems.     

Long-Term toxicity studies in Canine of E10A, an adenoviral vector for human endostatin gene

E10A, a recombinant adenovirus type 5 vector carrying the human endostatin gene, may be a promising gene therapy drug in the treatment of solid tumors by antiangiogenesis, but a preclinical safety evaluation of E10A has not yet been performed. With high and low doses equivalent to 30 and 7.5 times the human curative dose, respectively, intramuscular injections of E10A were given once daily, 6 days/week, for 3 months, followed by a 1-month recovery period. As of 4 months, all experimental animals appeared generally healthy: normal behavior and eating habits, no nausea, vomiting, or salivation, no abnormal changes in urination or defecation, and increased body weight with the time of experiment. Urinalysis, hemogram, blood biochemistry, electrocardiogram, macroscopic and microscopic studies of organs and tissues were done before treatment, at month 3 of treatment, and 1 month posttreatment. At all time points, no significant abnormal toxic effects were noted. Preliminary investigation of E10A immunotoxicity in dogs indicated that anti-adenoviral antibodies were generated, in a dose- and time-independent manner, after E10A injection. Our data demonstrated that, long term, high-dose intramuscular administration of recombinant human endostatin-carrying adenovirus (E10A) was not notably toxic and might be safe for clinical therapeutic use, although additional long-term toxicity studies by other administration routes are still necessary.