l-Theanine prevents alcoholic liver injury through enhancing the antioxidant capability of hepatocytes

l-Theanine is a unique amino acid in green tea. We here evaluated the protective effects of l-theanine on ethanol-induced liver injury in vitro and in vivo. Our results revealed that l-theanine significantly protected hepatocytes against ethanol-induced cell cytotoxicity which displayed by decrease of viability and increase of LDH and AST. Furthermore, the experiments of DAPI staining, pro-caspase3 level and PARP cleavage determination indicated that l-theanine inhibited ethanol-induced L02 cell apoptosis. Mechanically, l-theanine inhibited loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and prevented cytochrome c release from mitochondria in ethanol-treated L02 cells. l-Theanine also prevented ethanol-triggered ROS and MDA generation in L02 cells. l-Theanine restored the antioxidant capability of hepatocytes including GSH content and SOD activity which were reduced by ethanol. In vivo experiments showed that l-theanine significantly inhibited ethanol-stimulated the increase of ALT, AST, TG and MDA in mice. Histopathological examination demonstrated that l-theanine pretreated to mice apparently diminished ethanol-induced fat droplets. In accordance with the in vitro study, l-theanine significantly inhibited ethanol-induced reduction of mouse antioxidant capability which included the activities of SOD, CAT and GR, and level of GSH. These results indicated that l-theanine prevented ethanol-induced liver injury through enhancing hepatocyte antioxidant abilities.     

Detection of bacterial endotoxin in paclitaxel liposome

Based on current research, there are three technologies during the test of bacterial endotoxin of liposomes: (1) extraction of bacterial endotoxin from liposomes; (2) addition of bacterial endotoxin in the process of recovery test; and (3) elimination of the interference factors from drugs and excipients. In the present study, we pointed out that the key technologies to test bacterial endotoxin from paclitaxel liposome included following steps: extraction of bacterial endotoxins from ethanol-dissolved liposomes; preparation of positive control of recovery solution by adding 0.01 mL standard endotoxins in 1 mL liposome ethanol solution; and the use of 0.5% human albumin to eliminate the interference from detection, and accurate detection of the bacterial endotoxin of liposomes.     

Radioiodinated progesterone derivative for progesterone receptor targeting with enhanced nucleus uptake via phenylboronic acid conjugation

A novel ¹³¹I‐radiolabeled probe with aromatic boronate motif (¹³¹I‐EIPBA) was designed to target progesterone receptor (PR)–positive breast cancer with enhanced nucleus uptake. Acetylene progesterone was conjugated with pegylated phenylboronic acid via click reaction and radiolabeled with ¹³¹I to afford ¹³¹I‐EIPBA. Meanwhile, ¹³¹I‐EIPB without boronate was prepared as control agent. After determination of the lipophilicity and stability of these tracers, in vitro cell uptake studies and in vivo biodistribution in rats were performed to verify the enhanced nucleus uptake and PR targeting ability of ¹³¹I‐EIPBA. ¹³¹I‐EIPBA was obtained with moderate radiochemical yield (40.35 ± 3.52%) and high radiochemical purity (>98%). As expected, the high binding affinity (39.58 nM) of ¹³¹I‐EIPBA for PR was determined by cell binding assay. The internalization ratio of ¹³¹I‐EIPBA was remarkably higher than that of ¹³¹I‐EIPB in PR‐positive MCF‐7 cells. Furthermore, the enhanced nucleus uptake of ¹³¹I‐EIPBA (0.59 ± 0.02%) was found to be significantly higher than that of ¹³¹I‐EIPB (0.13 ± 0.01%) in MCF‐7 cells. A novel ¹³¹I‐EIPBA compound was developed for PR targeting with improved cellular nucleus uptake. Furthermore, the introduction of aromatic boronate motif provides a worthwhile strategy for enhancing the nuclear receptor targeting of tracers.     

亚低温防治颅脑损伤患者术后脑血管痉挛的效果观察

目的 观察亚低温防治颅脑损伤患者术后脑血管痉挛(CVS)的效果及对预后的影响.方法 将98例颅脑损伤患者按数字表法随机分为对照组和观察组,每组49例.对照组给予常温常规治疗,观察组患者给予亚低温治疗;观察比较两组患者术后1、3、5、7d大脑中动脉平均血流速度(VMCA)水平;比较两组患者CVS发生率、CVS严重程度及术后3个月预后情况.结果 术后1d两组患者VMCA水平比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);术后3、5、7d观察组较对照组VMCA水平均明显降低(P＜0.05).观察组CVS严重程度明显轻于对照组,CVS发生率明显低于对照组(P＜0.05);术后3个月观察组较对照组术后良好率明显提高(P＜0.05).结论 亚低温应用于颅脑损伤患者治疗中,可降低CVS发生率,减轻CVS严重程度,并改善预后.     

产ESBLs肠杆菌科细菌对氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药机制研究

目的研究产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（extended spectrum beta-lactamases，ESBLs）肠杆菌科细菌对氨基糖苷类抗生素的耐药分子机制。方法采用PCR方法对耐氨基糖苷类抗生素的产ESBLs菌株进行氨基糖苷类耐药机制研究，并同时对钝化酶基因DNA测序，进行网上基因相似性检索。结果20株耐氨基糖苷类的产ESBLs肠杆菌科细菌中存在氨基糖苷钝化酶基因，分别有aac（3）-Ⅰ、aac（3）-Ⅱ、aac（6’）-Ⅰ、aac（6’）-Ⅱ、ant（2”）-Ⅰ和aph（3’）-Ⅵ，以aac（3）-Ⅰ、aac（3）-Ⅱ和aac（6’）-Ⅰ为主。部分菌株同时可含有多种钝化酶基因。DNA测序分析结果与国外报道已知相应氨基糖苷钝化酶DNA测序结果一致。结论产ESBLs肠杆菌科细菌中普遍存在氨基糖苷钝化酶，四川大学华西医院分离得到的氨基糖苷类耐药的产ESBLs肠杆菌科细菌的钝化酶基因型主要是aac（6＇）-Ⅰ，aac（3）-Ⅱ,aac（3）-Ⅰ和ant（2″）-Ⅰ。     

枸橼酸坦度螺酮治疗首发广泛性焦虑疗效观察

目的：观察枸橼酸坦度螺酮治疗广泛性焦虑的疗效和不良反应,为临床治疗广泛性焦虑提供依据。方法92例广泛性焦虑患者按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各46例。观察组采用枸橼酸坦度螺酮治疗,起始剂量15 mg／d,3 d后增加5 mg,至35 mg／d,平均剂量为（31．0±3．4） mg／d。对照组给予奥沙西泮治疗,根据患者睡眠情况,每天服用剂量不超过30 mg,服用2周后,给药剂量逐渐递减至停服。比较两组的临床疗效、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（ HAMA）评分和不良反应。结果治疗2周末两组HAMA评分差异有统计学意义（ t＝2．16,P＜0．05）。观察组总有效率为86．9％,对照组总有效率为82．6％,两组总有效率差异无统计学意义（χ^2＝0．33,P＞0．05）。对照组不良反应发生率为63．0％,观察组不良反应发生率为32．6％,两组不良反应发生率差异有统计学意义（χ^2＝8．58,P＜0．05）。结论枸橼酸坦度螺酮治疗广泛性焦虑的疗效与奥沙西泮相当,不良反应小。     

河北省社区居民对中医“治未病”的认知现状及发展策略

目的:了解社区居民对中医"治未病"的认知现状,探讨在社区居民开展治未病服务的发展策略。方法:采用自制问卷对2015年3月至2016年3月在河北省内11个地级市的33个社区卫生服务机构内就诊的3 300名社区居民进行调查,内容包括居民基本信息情况、对中医"治未病"的知晓状况、对中医"治未病"服务实施意义的认知状况、对中医"治未病"服务愿意尝试状况、对中医"治未病"服务内容的需求状况。结果:共发放问卷调查表3 300份,回收有效问卷调查表3203份,有效回收率为97.06%。37.2%的社区居民听说过,1.3%(68/461)听说过并很熟悉,61.5%没听说过。68.4%社区居民认为开展中医"治未病"服务有意义,不同年龄、文化教育程度、月收入状况、医保种类对中医"治未病"服务实施意义的认识状况间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。社区居民对中医"治未病"服务愿意尝试率为74.6%,不同文化程度、月收入、医保种类的社区居民对中医"治未病"服务愿意尝试情况间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。社区居民对"治未病"服务内容的需求主要是养生保健(54.3%)、愈后保养(45.9%)、危险因素干预(48.6%)、健康评估(16.7%)、调畅情志(21.8%)。结论:社区居民对中医"治未病"认知水平有待提高。为了更好的在社区居民中开展治未病服务,提出以下几点建议:加强"治未病"思想的社区宣传力度,提高社区居民的认知水平;创新"治未病"社区服务模式,开展人民满意的"治未病"服务;加大对治未病服务的支持力度,开展社区居民需求度高的未病服务项目,从而使"治未病"服务在社区居民中落到实处。     

Aligned acupuncture at muscle regions plus cutaneous needle for upper limb spasticity after stroke: A multicenter randomized controlled trial

Objective： To evaluate the clinical efficacy of aligned acupuncture at the muscle regions plus cutaneous needle for post-stroke upper limb spasticity. Methods： By adopting a design of multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial, 488 patients with post-stroke upper limb spasticity were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 244 in each group. In addition to rehabilitation training, the treatment group received aligned acupuncture at the muscle regions plus cutaneous needle therapy and the control group received conventional Western medicine. After successive 3-week treatments, the clinical efficacy, spasticity degree of the upper limb, joint function, and neurological defect degree were evaluated in the two groups. Results： The total effective rate was 93.4% in the treatment group versus 61.5% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. The upper-limb spasticity degree, joint function, and neurological defect degree were improved significantly in both groups after intervention （P〈0.05）, and the improvements in the treatment group were more significant than those in the control group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Aligned acupuncture at the muscle regions plus cutaneous needle therapy is effective in treating post-stroke upper limb spasticity.     

三花龙胆中龙胆苦甙的分离与鉴定

从三花龙胆(Gentiana triflora Pall.)根部首次分离到一个裂环烯醚萜甙即龙胆苦甙(gentiopicroside),並精制成标准品。经UV、IR、TLC-DM、HPLC等方法进行了鉴定。     

丹红注射液联合巴曲酶治疗急性进展性脑梗死60例疗效观察

目的：观察丹红注射液联合巴曲酶治疗急性进展性脑梗死的疗效。方法：60例发病时间在72h内、病情呈进展性加重的脑梗死患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组30例,对照组给予巴曲酶,治疗组在此基础上加用丹红注射液治疗。观察2周后神经功能缺损程度评分、日常生活能力评分及临床疗效。随时记录不良反应。结果：治疗组神经功能缺损评分较对照组下降明显,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,治疗组日常生活能力评分较对照组明显提高,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;治疗组显效率及总有效率为50.0%和83.3%,对照组显效率及总有效率为30.0%和66.7%,2组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。且无明显不良反应。结论：丹红注射液联合巴曲酶治疗急性进展性脑梗死安全有效。