以突发性听力损失为首发症状病例的病因探讨

目的　探讨以突发性听力损失为首发症状病例的可能病因。方法　对 16 0例患者作回顾性分析。结果　近期有病毒感染史者达 36 .9% ;其中上感占 31.3 % ,居首位 ;第二位为血管性因素 ,占 2 6 .9% ;8例与自身免疫性疾病有关 ;2 0例与内淋巴积水 (EH)有关 ,其中 2例诊断为梅尼埃病 ;有噪声暴露史者达 2 5 .6 %。结论　近期有上感史 ,咽部充血即可考虑为病毒性因素 ;血沉升高可作为自身免疫性疾病的非特异性筛选指标 ;与脑血管功能障碍有关的项目应详查 ;详细的过去病史及随访对不同类型EH的诊断至关重要 ;既往各种听损伤耳病史在突聋发病中的意义有待探讨     

miR-144 靶向NF-κB受体活化因子配体蛋白调控树突状细胞分泌细胞因子

目的：本实验探讨了miRNA-144对树突状细胞（dendritic cells,DC）成熟过程中细胞因子分泌的影响及机制。方法：通过miRNA芯片比较DC成熟过程中miRNA的改变,筛选得到DC成熟过程中显著下调的miRNA-144,并在LPS刺激DC过程中发现了相同的现象;检测miR-144转染DC后相关细胞因子的改变,与信号通路活化情况;使用Targetscan预测miR-144的作用靶点为RNAKL蛋白并通过双荧光报告系统验证。结果：体外培养的DC经 LPS刺激活化后miR-144的表达下调。miR-144 拟似物转染DC后,TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-23均出现显著下降,NF-κB磷酸化水平下降。信息学分析并通过双荧光报告系统证明miR-144的靶点是RNAKL。结论：miR-144 靶向RNAKL 蛋白调控DC细胞因子分泌。     

GDNF cDNA在神经及非神经细胞系中的表达

目的：研究重组GDNFcDNA在神经及非神经细胞系中的表达。方法：重组克隆，基因转染及RT－PCR。结果：CV1及SH－SY-5Y细胞中无GDNF内源性表达，转基因后出现GDNF表达条带。NG108－15细胞有GDNF的内源性表达，转基因后表达条带增强。结论：重组GDNFcDNA在神经及非神经细胞系中均有较强表达，提示以此制备的工程细胞在Parkinson’s病基因治疗中可能具有重要作用。     

Neuropsychological status of children with newly diagnosed idiopathic childhood epilepsy

We characterized the neuropsychological status of children with newly diagnosed idiopathic childhood epilepsy and measured differences in IQ between children with different types of epilepsy. The Korean Education Development Institute-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (KEDI-WISC) was administered to 72 patients (35 males and 37 females), of mean age 8.7 ± 2.6 years, with newly diagnosed idiopathic childhood epilepsy. Of these patients, 22 (30.6%) had generalized epilepsy, 48 (66.7%) localization-related epilepsy, and 2 (2.8%) mixed epilepsy. Children with generalized epilepsy and benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes (BCECTS) were of similar verbal IQ and full-scale IQ, although performance IQ was significantly lower in patients with generalized epilepsy. Among children with BCECTS, those with unilateral spikes had higher full-scale and performance IQ scores than those with bilateral spikes. Follow-up studies on large numbers of patients are needed to determine the effects of epilepsy per se, and antiepileptic drugs, on intelligence.     

Primary structure,functional characterization and developmental expression of the ascidian Kv4-class potassium channel

Ascidians belong to the primitive chordates and their larvae show symmetrical beating of the tail, which is reminiscent of the swimming pattern in primitive vertebrates. Since ascidian larva contains only a small number of neurons in their entire larval nervous system, they will potentially provide a simple model for the study of animal locomotion. In a step towards the goal of establishing the molecular basis underlying ascidian larval neurophysiology, we describe here a Kv4 class of voltage-gated potassium channel, TuKv4, from Halocynthia roretzi. Whole mount in situ hybridization indicates that TuKv4 is expressed in most of larval neurons including motor neurons. TuKv4-currents reconstituted in Xenopus oocytes show currents with similar properties to the lower-threshold A-type currents from cleavage-arrested ascidian blastomeres of neural lineage. However, the voltage-dependency of the steady-state inactivation and activation was shifted leftward by 20 mV, as compared with native A-type currents, suggesting that other components may be required to restore full function of the Kv4 channel. Unexpectedly, another isoform lacking C-terminal cytoplasmic region was also isolated. This truncated isoform did not lead to a functional current in Xenopus oocytes. RT-PCR analysis showed that the truncated form is transiently expressed during larval development, suggesting some developmental role for potassium channel expression.     

Mitofusin-2 ameliorates high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in liver of rats

AIM:To investigate the effects of mitofusin-2(MFN2) on insulin sensitivity and its potential targets in the liver of rats fed with a high-fat diet(HFD).METHODS:Rats were fed with a control or HFD for 4 or 8 wk,and were then infected with a control or an MFN2 expressing adenovirus once a week for 3wk starting from the 9th wk.Blood glucose(BG),plasma insulin and insulin sensitivity of rats were determined at end of the 4th and 8th wk,and after treatment with different amounts of MFN2 expressing adenovirus(108,109 or 1010 vp/kg body weight).BG levels were measured by Accu-chek Active Meter.Plasma insulin levels were analyzed by using a Rat insulin enzymelinked immunosorbent assay kit.Insulin resistance was evaluated by measuring the glucose infusion rate(GIR) using a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique.The expression or phosphorylation levels of MFN2 and essential molecules in the insulin signaling pathway,such as insulin receptor(INSR),insulin receptor substrate 2(IRS2),phosphoinositide-3-kinase(PI3K),protein kinase beta(AKT2) and glucose transporter type 2(GLUT2) was assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western-blotting.RESULTS:After the end of 8wk,the body weight of rats receiving the normal control diet(ND) and the HFD was not significantly different(P>0.05).Compared with the ND group,GIR in the HFD group was significantly decreased(P<0.01),while the levels of BG,triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC) and insulin in the HFD group were significantly higher than those in the ND group(P<0.05).Expression of MFN2 mRNA and protein in liver of rats was significantly downregulated in the HFD group(P<0.01) after 8 wk of HFD feeding.The expression of INSR,IRS2 and GLUT2 were down-regulated markedly(P<0.01).Although there were no changes in PI3K-P85 and AKT2 expression,their phosphorylation levels were decreased significantly(P<0.01).After intervention with MFN2 expressing adenovirus for 3wk,the expression of MFN2 mRNA and protein levels were up-regulated(P<0.01).Th     

Clinical study on the D4 lymph nodes excision in advanced gastric cancer

AIM To study the safety and the traumatic degree of D4 approach by retrospective analysis of the para-operative data from the para-aortic lymph nodes excision in comparison with those from standard radicalresection in advanced gastric cancer (AGC).METHODS Several para-operative data including the resectability, the mortality, the complicatedmorbidity, the amount of transfused blood, and the hospitalized days relating to the operation were analyzedstatistically between D4(n = 30) and D2 lymph nodes excision (n = 34) groups. The data expressed as means±SD was analyzed statistically by Student t test. Percentage of the data was analyzed by x2 test statistically.It was taken as significant difference if P value was less than 0.05.RESULTS The percentage of palliated resection in D4 group was significantly lower than that in D2 group(16.67% vs 47.06%, P<0.05). This D4 radical resection would indeed prolong the drainage time (7.35±0.98 days vs 14.78±2.16 days, P < 0.01). The amount of transfused blood during operation (774.32±112.09mL) and the operative consuming time in D4 group (7.14±0.39h) increased significantly toocompared with those in D2 group (538.67±59.87mL, P < 0.05; 4.12±0.18h, P < 0.05), suggesting that thedraumatic degree of D4 operation was severer than that of D2 operation. But the mortality, the morbidity ofcomplication and the hospitalized time after D4 operation did not increase significantly, indicating that D4lymph nodes excision as a choice of the surgical treatment of AGC was safe and feasible.CONCLUSION D4 lymph nodes excision for AGC is safe, reasonable and feasible.     

乐脉颗粒联合奥拉西坦治疗血管性痴呆疗效观察

目的观察乐脉颗粒联合奥拉西坦治疗血管性痴呆(VaD)的临床疗效。方法选择216例脑卒中后血管性痴呆患者,随机分成3组,每组各72例,分别给予乐脉颗粒(0.6 g,3次/d)治疗、奥拉西坦(0.8 g,3次/d)治疗、乐脉颗粒和奥拉西坦联合治疗,3组疗程均为12周。所有患者均在治疗前和治疗后分别应用简易智能精神状态量表(Mini-Mental State Examination,MMSE)和日常生活活动能力量表(Activities of Daily Living ADL)测评其临床疗效。结果 3组患者治疗后MMSE评分较治疗前均有明显提高,ADL评分较治疗前均有明显减低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),且治疗后乐脉颗粒联合奥拉西坦组评分较其他两组变化更明显,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乐脉颗粒联合奥拉西坦能明显改善患者认知功能,提高日常生活能力,有效治疗血管性痴呆,临床疗效确切。     

β-环糊精包合物在中药学领域中的应用进展

新型辅料β—环糊精在中药学领域中的应用日益广泛，对于开发研制药物新剂型、新品种有重要意义，就β—环糊精中包合物的制备方法、质量控制及其应用进行综述。     

脐带穿刺致胎心减慢相关因素分析

目的 通过对脐带穿刺致胎心减慢相关因素的分析，提出预防脐带穿刺致胎心减慢的措施。方法 采用病例对照分析的方法，对1992年12月至2000年12月中山大学附属一院收治的70例脐带穿刺后胎心减慢病例与同期210例脐带穿刺后胎心正常病例的手术指征、手术相关因素及胎儿预后进行比较分析。结果 脐带穿刺后胎心减慢与脐带穿刺进针次数、手术时间、穿刺抽血量、是否穿入脐动脉、穿刺前是否进餐等密切相关。结论 穿刺前30min鼓励进餐，尽量缩短手术时间，提高穿刺的命中率，减少脐带穿刺的抽血量．避免穿入脐动脉．可预防穿刺后胎心减慢。