Pattern of endogenous lectins in a human epithelial tumor

Salt and detergent extracts of a malignant epithelial tumor, obtained by extraction of acetone powder, were fractionated on different sets of Sepharose columns covalently derivatized with lactose, asialofetuin, melibiose, mannan, fucose, and heparin. Successive elution by chelating reagent and specific sugar resulted in isolation of different Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent endogenous carbohydrate-binding proteins, as analyzed by gel electrophoresis. It appears from the analysis that certain bands represent newly identified proteins capable of binding to lactose (at Mr 64,000), melibiose (at Mr 28,000), and fucose (at Mr 62,000 and 70,000). Other carbohydrate-binding proteins isolated from this human tumor have been identified in normal, especially embryonic, tissues of different nonhuman vertebrates. The carbohydrate-binding proteins are assayable as agglutinin with rabbit erythrocytes and show no detectable enzymatic activity. They can thus be defined as lectins. The presence of a complex pattern of endogenous lectins and their biochemical characteristics may contribute to an understanding of intercellular interaction during the complex process of metastatic spread and may furthermore allow a new tool for diagnosis and a lectin-based therapy.     

Follow-up of 13 children after ureterosigmoidostomy

Follow-up of 13 children who had had a ureterosigmoid anastomosis 3 1/2 to 10 years previously and whose initial urogram had been satisfactory, showed that growth was normal and that there was no serious metabolic disorder. In particular whole-body potassium did not differ significantly from normal values (as given by Langham, 1961). Asymptomatic urinary infection is the chief hazard in these cases but is difficult to diagnose and may lead to progressive dilatation of the ureters.     

小肝癌的超声回声特性与病理组织学的对比分析

目的：探讨小肝癌的回声特性与病理改变及组织学分型的关系。方法：对超声检出的65例小肝癌（≤3.0cm)的回声特性与其术后病理组织学改变和病理分型进行对比分析。结果：超声检出的小肝癌以低回声型最多见，高回声型次之，随着癌结节的增大，低回声型递减，高回声型渐增；脂肪变性或假腺样改变在高回声型中的比率较大，但是同样的病理改变也可以出现在低回声在低回声型中，在小肝癌的组织分型中，含有腔隙结构（血窦或腺管样扩张）的管外型和假腺型可见于强弱不同的回声型中，不含和很少含有血窦的硬化型和紧密型，则集中于低回声型中，瘤内血管增生则以等回声型最多见。结论：小肝癌回声强弱主要与病理改变中的脂肪变性或假腺样改变和组织构型中的腔隙样结构是否存在及其大小有关。瘤内血管增生可能是等回声小肝癌的病理基础。     

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: impact on the radiology department of a stone treatment center

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) was performed on 925 patients (1,222 treatments) for 446 calyceal, 345 pelvic, 172 ureteral, and 108 staghorn calculi. ESWL necessitated 6.3 KUB and 1.2 renal ultrasound studies per treatment session. Intravenous urography was required in 6% of patients after ESWL. Percutaneous nephrostomy tube placement was performed by the radiologists in 10% of patients. Procedures related to nephrostomy tube placement included percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, tube changes, nephrostography, and stone fragment irrigations and retrievals. Staghorn calculi treatment with ESWL required the most procedures by radiologists (34% for partial staghorn and 56% for complete staghorn) compared with 3%, 8%, and 11% for calyceal, pelvic, and ureteral stones, respectively. In all, 8,478 radiologic examinations and procedures were performed pertaining to ESWL. This is approximately 35 studies per day. While this number may be high because it represents the early experience of the authors with ESWL, the impact on the radiology department can be substantial.     

Lectin-mediated pathways in activation of neutrophils from patients with lung cancer

Supported by a grant from the Volkswagen-Stiftung.     

Adverse drug reactions in a paediatric intensive care unit

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were prospectively studied in critically ill infants and children. Seventy–six ADRs were reported in 63 patients out of a study group of 899 patients. The majority of the ADRs were mild (49), although 19 were of moderate severity and 8 were severe. Thirty–five ADRs required treatment or alteration in treatment. Midazolam, morphine, salbutamol, vecuronium, hydrocortisone and theophylline were the drugs most likely to cause an ADR. One–third of the ADRs were due to drugs used outside their product licence. The majority of the ADRs were reported by nurses (36) and pharmacists (30). We believe that it is possible to prospectively study drug toxicity in critically ill infants and children.