美国国家骨髓库20年回顾:成人无关供者造血干细胞移植

自1987年起,美国国家骨髓库(NMDP)提供了>30 000份URD-HCT,其中70%以上的受者是患有恶性血液病或获得性血液疾病的成人.在此期间发生很大变化,包括无偿捐献队伍的扩大、PBSCs采集、脐血库(UCB)的加入、HLA分型技术的进步、新药物的使用、低强度预处理(RIC)以及移植后免疫调节等.本文就过去20年NMDP成人受者HCT的数据及分析作一介绍.     

美国国家骨髓库20年回顾:成人无关供者造血干细胞移植

自1987年起,美国国家骨髓库(NMDP)提供了>30 000份URD-HCT,其中70%以上的受者是患有恶性血液病或获得性血液疾病的成人.在此期间发生很大变化,包括无偿捐献队伍的扩大、PBSCs采集、脐血库(UCB)的加入、HLA分型技术的进步、新药物的使用、低强度预处理(RIC)以及移植后免疫调节等.本文就过去20年NMDP成人受者HCT的数据及分析作一介绍.     

美国国家骨髓库20年回顾:成人无关供者造血干细胞移植

自1987年起,美国国家骨髓库(NMDP)提供了>30 000份URD-HCT,其中70%以上的受者是患有恶性血液病或获得性血液疾病的成人.在此期间发生很大变化,包括无偿捐献队伍的扩大、PBSCs采集、脐血库(UCB)的加入、HLA分型技术的进步、新药物的使用、低强度预处理(RIC)以及移植后免疫调节等.本文就过去20年NMDP成人受者HCT的数据及分析作一介绍.     

Survey of conformational role of ester bonds in a cyclic depsipeptide

The effect of ester bond on the conformation of peptide molecule was studied by designing and synthesizing a model tetradepsipeptide cyclo(-l -Ala-l -Hmb-)z and by analyzing the conformation both theoretically and experimentally. Theoretical analysis showed that both ester and peptide bonds in the calculated low-energy conformations within 3 kcal/mol of the global minimum take a trans but distorted configuration. The distortion is larger in ester bonds than in peptide bonds. Further, the four carbonyls project from one side of the plane of the cyclic backbone, whereas the side chains project from the other side. These results are consistent with the experimental results obtained by NMR measurement; first, the coupling constant deduced from ¹H-NMR species in DMSO-d₆ is consistent with the dihedral angles of the calculated low-energy conformations; second, results of NOE measurement can reproduce the calculated configuration of the carbonyls and side chains. From the consistency between theoretical and experimental results, it is concluded that this model tetradepsipeptide takes an all-trans backbone conformation in solution and this backbone conformation is stabilized by large distortion in the ester bond, which compensates the strain resulted from the 12-membered cyclic backbone structure consisting only of L-residues.     

Awareness of Menstrual Abnormality Amongst College Students in Urban Area of Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria

Background:

Disturbances of menstrual bleeding are major social and medical problem for women and account for high percentage of gynecological visit.

Objectives:

The objective of the study was to document menstrual abnormalities experienced by female college students, their awareness and health seeking behavior.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was undertaken, 400 students were selected using stratified sampling technique and interviewed using semi-structured self-administered questionnaire. Inferential statistical analysis such as Chi-square test and logistic regressions were carried out.

Results:

The mean age at menarche was 14.18 years. Irregular menstrual cycles were reported in 9.0%. Dysmenorrhea was present in 62.5%, and 12.5% reported school absenteeism. Students'' awareness of menstrual abnormalities was poor (29%). A few of them (10.5%) decided to seek help for menstrual abnormalities. The awareness of students on menstrual abnormalities was significantly influenced by their age (OR = 2.33, P = 0.03); however, age at menarche and level of study did not influence their awareness (OR = 0.45, P = 0.24 and OR = 1.42, P = 0.12). History of dysmenorrheal (OR = 10.2, P = 0.001) and academic disturbance (OR = 5.45, P = 0.001) had significant influence on the health seeking behavior of the students.

Conclusion:

There was a general lack of information about menstrual issues and when to seek help. There is a need to educate female college students about menstrual issues in order to improve their health seeking behavior as regards menstrual abnormalities.     

Markoffian description of the process of protein folding

A long record of computer simulation of folding-unfolding transition in a two-dimensional lattice model of protein as monitored by one conformational order parameter was studied to see if it could be approximated by a markoffian process. For this purpose the normalized time correlation functions of the order parameter were calculated (i) directly from the record of simulation and (ii) by assuming the markoffian behavior of the record. Both of them can be well approximated by a sum of two simple exponential terms. The relaxation time of the slow relaxing term, which corresponds to the overall folding-unfolding transition, becomes very short when the markoffian assumption is made. From this observation we conclude that intermediate states defined by one more-or-less arbitrarily chosen conformational parameter are, in general, collections of very heterogeneous conformations and therefore transitions between them cannot be markoffian. This indicates the importance of multi-parameter observation of dynamic process of folding. Characteristic features of the method of trapping disulfide intermediates are discussed.     

A New Contact Probe for Intraoperative Laser Ablation

Several clinical factors decrease the accuracy of intraoperative laser ablation. The distance to the target, the irradiation angle, and the media are reported among these factors. We developed a new laser probe to resolve these problems. This probe has a hollow conical tube with a tip covered by a thin film. Zero-degree centigrade saline was fed into this probe. Results from using the new probe were compared with those from the conventional noncontact irradiation method with cooling by sprinkled cooling water. In beating canine hearts, ventricles were irradiated with neodymium-yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers at 50–200 //mm². There was no difference in the mean volume of irradiated tissue between the new and the noncontact method. However, the distribution of volume values in the new method was smaller than that in the noncontact method (P < 0.05). In conclusion, results obtained indicate that this new probe could perform more accurate intraoperative ablation than the conventional method. Problems of stabilizing the distance to the target, the irradiation angle, and the media were resolved.     

简易悬吊术治疗男性尿失禁

目的 探讨简易悬吊术治疗男性尿失禁的疗效.方法 2000年10月-2009年7月上海交通大学附属第六人民医院收治的男性获得性尿失禁患者44例,其中前列腺术后34例,后尿道手术后10例;完全性尿失禁11例,压力性尿失禁33例,每人需尿布1～5块/d,平均(3±1)块/d.43例行心脏涤纶补片和尼龙线+经阴道无张力尿道中段悬吊(TVT)吊带球部尿道复合悬吊术,1例采用经闭孔途径球部尿道悬吊术.结果 随访6～90个月,平均为(52±30)个月.术后初期治愈35例,尿失禁改善7例,手术失败2例,总有效率为95.4%(42/44).术后随访1年以上患者的总有效率为90.0%(36/40),2例分别在术后1年和2年复发.1例采用经闭孔途径球部尿道悬吊术的患者术后随访6个月,能完全控尿,无残余尿.结论 球部尿道悬吊术是治疗男性尿失禁简单而有效的方法.