Macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor stimulate the synthesis of plasminogen-activator inhibitors by human monocytes

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF or CSF-1) and granulocyte- macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) have been shown to increase human monocyte urokinase-type plasminogen-activator (u-PA) activity with possible consequences for cell migration and tissue remodeling; because monocyte u-PA activity is likely to be controlled in part also by the PA inhibitors (PAIs) made by the cell, the effect of M-CSF and GM-CSF on human monocyte PAI-2 and PAI-1 synthesis was investigated. To this end, elutriation-purified human monocytes were treated in vitro with purified recombinant human M-CSF and GM-CSF, and PAI-2 and PAI-1 antigen and mRNA levels measured by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Northern blot, respectively. Each CSF could enhance the protein and mRNA levels of PAI-2 and PAI-1 at similar concentrations for each product. This similar regulation of monocyte PAI expression in response to the CSFs contrasted with that found for the effects of lipopolysaccharide, transforming growth factor-beta and a glucocorticoid. Therefore, PAIs may be modulating the effects of the CSFs on monocyte u-PA activity at sites of inflammation and tissue remodeling.     

酵母菌药用乳糖酶制备新方法

目的:建立一种简易的从酵母菌制备克鲁维酵母乳糖酶的方法.方法:在30L发酵罐中进行发酵,用对羟基苯甲酸酯进行细胞破壁,用超微过滤方法浓缩破壁液.结果:乳糖酶的收率可达到每毫升发酵液含11.4 ONPG单位.从酵终细胞中释放乳糖酶可达70%,每毫升牛奶中加入1.2 ONPG单位制备的液态乳糖酶可使牛奶中的乳糖水解率达到70%.     

Acute renal rejection versus acute tubular necrosis in a canine model: MR evaluation

Findings of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in acute renal rejection and acute tubular necrosis (ATN) were studied in dogs. On T1-weighted images, corticomedullary differentiation was absent in kidneys undergoing acute rejection. The loss of corticomedullary differentiation in these kidneys was secondary to a decrease in the relative signal intensity of the cortex, indicating prolongation of the T1 relaxation time of the cortex. In contrast, corticomedullary differentiation was preserved on T1-weighted images of autotransplanted kidneys and kidneys with ATN. MR imaging findings correlated with changes in water content in these three groups of kidneys. Kidneys undergoing acute rejection showed a marked increase in water content compared with kidneys in the other two groups. No change in fat content was found in any group.     

Acute demyelinating sensorimotor polyneuropathy in B‐cell lymphoma with IGM autoantibodies against glycolipid GD1B

A 20‐year‐old man developed weakness without sensory complaints ten days after rubella. Examination showed limb weakness and brisk tendon reflexes but no sensory abnormalities. Laboratory investigations revealed IgG and IgM anti‐Rubella and increased CSF protein content (0,8 g/L). Electrophysiological examination showed partial motor conduction blocks in eight nerves and normal sensory conductions even across the sites of CB. Brain and spinal cord MRI and SEPs were normal. The patient was treated with four plasmaphereses and fully recovered in six months. Conduction blocks gradually improved with increasing duration and abnormal temporal dispersion in proximal CMAPs. GBS has been rarely reported after rubella. Anti‐myelin basic protein antibodies have been found in a patient with a relapsing motor neuropathy following rubella vaccination. As antibodies cross‐reacted with a viral protein, molecular mimicry has been proposed as a pathophysiological mechanism. In our patient we did not find anti‐MBP antibodies and antibodies to‐glycolipids (GM1, GM2, GA1, GD1a, GD1b, GQ1b, sulfatides, galactocerebroside) were also negative. Indirect immunofluorescence after incubation of patient's serum on rabbit sciatic nerve and human sural nerve and roots was negative. Our patient confirms the occurrence of GBS following Rubella and shows some uncommon features: 1) hyperactive deep tendon reflexes; 2) demyelination selectively involving motor fibres; and 3) widespread early conduction blocks in intermediate nerve segments.