脂质比值与代谢综合征的关联及预测价值评价：基于多阶段横断面研究

背景 随着代谢性疾病发病率的上升,代谢综合征(MS)的预防与控制引起广泛的关注。而脂质比值是重要的筛查指标之一,与MS之间的关系成为热点研究话题。目的 基于贵州省多阶段横断面研究人群分析三酰甘油/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(TG/HDL-C)、总胆固醇/HDL-C(TC/HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇/HDL-C(LDL-C/HDL-C)及非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(non-HDL-C)与MS发病风险的关联及预测价值评价。方法 回顾性选取贵州省参与2010年全国疾病监测地区慢性病及危险因素调查、2013年中国慢性病及其危险因素监测、2015年中国成人慢性病与营养监测和2018年中国成人慢性病与营养监测的21 727例自然人群为研究对象,收集研究对象的基线资料,根据是否患有MS将研究对象分为MS组(n=4 981)和非MS组(n=16 746)。绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分别评价男性和女性TG/HDL-C、TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C和non-HDL-C对MS的预测价值。通过Delong检验比较脂质比值预测MS发生的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)的差异。采用多因素Logistic回...     

正常孕妇及妊娠糖尿病患者胆固醇7α-羟化酶基因-204A/C多态性的研究

目的 探讨胆固醇7α-羟化酶基因（CYP7A1）-204A/C单核苷酸多态性与妊娠糖尿病（GDM）患者及正常孕妇血脂水平等的关系。方法 应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）技术检测1 037例正常妊娠者和627例GDM患者CYP7A1-204A/C基因多态性。酶法测定总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和血糖（Glu）,化学发光法测定血浆胰岛素（Ins）。免疫透射比浊法测定载脂蛋白A1(apoA1)和B(apoB)水平。结果 CYP7A1-204A/C多态位点等位基因A、C频率在GDM组和对照组分别为0.586、0.414和0.557、0.443。两组人群基因型频率分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律。CYP7A1-204A/C多态性基因型频率、等位基因A、C频率在GDM组和正常对照组间比较差异无统计学意义。正常妊娠对照组CC基因型者较AA型者血浆apoA1水平增高,Ins和HOMA-IR水平降低（P均<0.05）;正常妊娠对照组中非肥胖亚组CC基因型者血浆TG水平较AA基因型者增加...     

应用型本科院校护理学毕业生科研能力及影响因素分析

目的 了解应用型本科院校护理学毕业生科研能力及其影响因素。方法 采用整群抽样方法,抽取湖南省某地方应用型本科院校护理学专业272名应届毕业生作为研究对象。采用护理人员科研能力自评量表、评判性思维能力量表进行问卷调查。采用SPSS 22.0进行独立样本t检验、方差分析、Spearman相关分析及多元线性回归。结果 应用型本科院校护理学毕业生的科研能力得分为（49.27±21.26）分,255名（93.7%）毕业生处于中等及以下水平。科研能力与评判性思维能力总分、分析能力、评判思维的自信心及求知欲呈正相关（r=0.18、0.23、0.45、0.32,均P<0.01）,与寻找真相呈负相关（r=-0.16,P<0.05）。线性回归分析可见培养方式、科研实践经历、科研动机、评判思维的自信心、寻找真相为护理学毕业生科研能力的影响因素（标准化β=0.12、0.16、0.14、1.31、-0.12,均P<0.05）。结论 应用型本科院校护理学毕业生的科研能力,尤其是资料处理能力及研究设计能力有待提高。可通过树立正确的科研动机、加强在校期间评判性思维能力培训、鼓励科研实践等途径进行针对性培养。     

男性不育患者精液阴道加德纳菌感染调查

目的 :了解男性不育患者精液阴道加德纳菌 (Gv)的感染状况。　方法 :收集 2 0 0 2年 4月～ 2 0 0 3年 5月期间无锡市妇幼保健院男性不育门诊就诊的 373例男性精液标本 ,以及其中 6 3例Gv阳性患者的配偶阴道拭子标本 ,应用套式聚合酶链反应 (nPCR)技术进行Gv检测。　结果 :男性不育患者精液Gv定植率为 4 4 .2 % ,阳性者配偶阳性率达 87.3%。　结论 :男性不育患者精液Gv定植率较高 ,Gv可经性生活传播。     

Ionic currents in single smooth muscle cells of the human vas deferens

PURPOSE: Smooth muscle cells of the vas deferens have an important role in carrying sperms to the exterior but little is known of their electrophysiological properties. We characterized the voltage-gated ion channel currents in single smooth muscle cells of the human vas deferens (HVSMCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We observed contractile responses of 8 circular smooth muscle strips of the human vas deferens to a high concentration (10 mM) of tetraethylammonium. HVSMCs were isolated using proteolytic enzymes (collagenase and papain), and were used for an electro-physiological study using whole cell and inside-out patch clamp configurations. RESULTS: The application of 10 mM tetraethylammonium induced rhythmic contractions of the strips. When HVSMCs were dialyzed with a KCl solution, step depolarizations of membrane potential evoked oscillatory outward K currents that were not inactivated. The large conductance Ca activated K (BKCa) and delayed rectifier components of the outward current were identified. The BKCa channel showed a large single channel conductance (162.7 +/- 13.2 pS with 5 mM K in the patch pipette). Two types of Ca currents were identified in the whole cell configuration. With a cell held at -50 mV an L-type Ca current was present during a depolarizing step pulse. From a holding potential of -90mV L-type and T-type Ca currents were elicited by depolarizing step pulses. CONCLUSIONS: HVSMCs have 2 (L and T) types of Ca channels and 2 types of K (BKCa and delayed rectifier) channels. Voltage dependent changes of these ion channels and their interactions may be important in regulating vas contractility.     

Incidence and predictors of post-reperfusion syndrome in living donor liver transplantation

A characteristic pattern of hemodynamic changes that may occur in reperfusion phase of liver transplantation (LT) is known as post-reperfusion syndrome (PRS). In this study, we determined the frequency of PRS and evaluated possible predictors of PRS. The medical records of 152 patients who underwent living donor LT were reviewed. PRS was defined as a decrease in mean arterial pressure of more than 30% from the baseline value for more than one min during the first five min after reperfusion. The frequency of PRS was determined, and patients were divided into two groups: PRS group and non-PRS group. Donor factors, preoperative and intraoperative recipient factors, and postoperative outcomes were compared between the two groups. PRS occurred in 58 recipients (34.2%). Preoperative model for end-stage liver disease scores of recipients and percentage of graft steatotic changes were higher in PRS group. PRS group showed higher heart rates and lower hemoglobin values preoperatively. Before reperfusion, PRS group received more transfusion and their urine output was less than that of non-PRS group. Postoperatively, peak bilirubin during the first five d after LT was higher in PRS group. In conclusion, both severity of liver disease and graft steatosis may increase risk for PRS in LT. Further prospective studies of PRS in its relationship to outcome are indicated.