重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子关节腔注射预防骨关节炎软骨退行性变

目的:验证重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子关节腔内注射对兔实验性早中期骨关节炎软骨退行性变的防治作用。方法:实验于2005-10/2006-04在暨南大学附属第一医院中心实验室完成。选用健康新西兰大白兔30只,切断膝关节前、后交叉韧带建立兔骨关节炎模型后,按随机数字表法分为3组,空白组、透明质酸钠组和重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子组。重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子组术后第8周起于手术侧膝关节腔内注射人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子8000IU/(只·周),透明质酸钠组关节腔内注射透明质酸钠1mL/(只·周)。空白组不进行干预。术后第16周空气栓塞法处死动物,大体观察及手术显微镜下观察软骨表面分级;取股骨髁负重面软骨标本进行苏木精-伊红、沙黄染色及骨关节炎组织病理学评分(正常为0～1,重度为10分以上)、分级。结果:30只动物全部进入结果分析。①重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子组和透明质酸钠组标本股骨髁负重软骨有轻度粗糙,关节软骨可见浅表溃疡形成。空白组标本股骨髁负重面软骨有轻～中度溃疡形成。②3组动物关节软骨表面分级差异有显著性意义(χ2=22.97,P=0.000)。③3组动物骨关节炎软骨的组织病理学分级差异有显著性意义(χ2=16.84,P=0.005),透明质酸钠组和重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子组的骨关节炎组织病理学评分均显著低于空白组(P<0.05)。结论:关节腔注射重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子可以较好的延缓兔膝骨关节炎软骨退行性变和预防骨关节炎的发展。     

海藻酸盐在软骨组织工程中的应用

学术背景:以生物材料作为细胞生长的三维支架,利用组织工程技术生产用于移植治疗的软骨组织是当前研究的重点。目的:对海藻酸盐在软骨组织工程中的应用情况作简述。检索策略:应用计算机检索PUBMED数据库1966-10/2007-07的相关文章,检索词为"Tissue engineering,Cartilage tissue engineering,Alginate",并限定文章语言种类为English。同时计算机检索万方及CNKI数据库1979-10/2005-10的相关文章,检索词为"组织工程、软骨、海藻酸盐",并限定文章语言种类为中文。对资料进行初审,并查看每篇文献后的引文。纳入标准:文章所述内容应与海藻酸盐在软骨组织工程中的应用情况相关。排除标准:重复研究或不相干文章。共收集到314篇相关文献,258篇文献符合纳入标准,排除的56篇文献为内容陈旧或重复。符合纳入标准的文献中,精选其中55篇用作研究分析。文献评价:文献的来源主要是海藻酸盐在软骨组织工程中的应用情况的研究。55篇符合纳入标准的文献中,中文23篇,英文32篇,其中动物实验和在体、离体、细胞学实验50篇,综述、述评类文献5篇。资料综合:通过对藻酸盐的生物学特性、不同组织来源的种子细胞与藻酸盐载体、不同塑形形式的藻酸盐载体及相关生物刺激因子(素)在以藻酸盐为载体的软骨组织工程中的应用等方面作了综述分析。结论:藻酸盐载体来源丰富,具有易塑形、易于细胞吸附、营养物质易于渗透等特点;但藻酸钙也存在体内吸收差和有一定抗原性等缺点。海藻酸盐构建的组织工程化软骨在力学性能、组织结构等方面与正常软骨相比还有一定的差距,有待进一步研究提高。     

Greater numbers of human spermatozoa associate with endosalpingeal cells derived from the isthmus compared with those from the ampulla

A simple co-culture bioassay system was used to investigate whether or not the anatomical origin affected the ability of epithelial cells from the human uterine (Fallopian) tube to 'bind' spermatozoa. This study was also used to identify some of the factors which may be involved in the regulation of sperm-epithelial interactions in vitro by comparing different tissue culture models and assessing the effect of oestradiol concentration. Epithelial explants harvested from different regions of human uterine tubes were co-incubated with a known concentration of motile donor spermatozoa. All results were adjusted to reflect a standard sperm concentration of 5 x 10(6)/ml. More spermatozoa associated per field of isthmic compared to ampullary epithelium [isthmus 9.5 +/- 0.9, ampulla 7.1 +/- 0.7 (mean +/- SEM); n = 36, P < 0.05, ANOVA] and cells from post-menopausal patients had an apparently reduced ability to bind spermatozoa [isthmus 5.5 +/- 2.0, ampulla 4.3 +/- 1.4 (mean +/- SEM); n = 4]. Neither menstrual cycle stage nor addition of mid-cycle concentrations of 17beta-oestradiol (750 pmol/l) affected the number of spermatozoa which bound to epithelium from either tubal region. In addition, the number of spermatozoa which bound per field of polarized explants was greater (P < 0.05) than that bound to dissociated primary and passaged epithelial cell monolayers. This report is the first to provide evidence suggestive of a role for sperm- epithelial binding in the formation of an isthmic sperm reservoir in the human uterine tube. Results also indicate that oestrogen is not involved in the regulation of these interactions, and that cell polarity is an important factor for such associations in vitro.      

Serum vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations and ovarian stromal blood flow are increased in women with polycystic ovaries

The aim of this study was to determine basal serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations and Doppler blood flow changes within the ovarian stroma of women with polycystic ovaries (PCO) and women with normal ovaries. Pulsed and colour Doppler blood flows within the ovarian stroma were recorded, and serum VEGF concentrations measured, in the early follicular phase (days 2-3 of a menstrual cycle) in 60 women undergoing ovarian stimulation for in-vitro fertilization. 36 women had normal ovaries, 14 women had PCO as seen on pelvic ultrasound examination and 10 had polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Mean+/-SD serum VEGF concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in women with PCO and PCOS (3.4+/-0.7 and 3.2+/-0.66 ng/ml respectively) compared with women with normal ovaries (2.3+/-0.5 ng/ml). Mean peak systolic blood flow velocity (PSV) and time-averaged maximum flow velocity (TAMXV) were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in women with PCO and PCOS compared with women with normal ovaries. The mean PSV were 15+/-4 and 16+/-4 cm/s in women with PCO and PCOS respectively, compared with 9+/-2 cm/s in women with normal ovaries. The TAMXV were 9+/-3 and 11+/-3 cm/s in women with PCO and PCOS respectively compared with women with normal ovaries (5.8+/-1.5 cm/s). Serum VEGF concentrations were positively correlated with PSV (r=0.44, P=0.001) and TAMXV (r=0.45, P < 0.000) in all three groups of women. Higher serum concentrations of VEGF in women with PCO and PCOS may relate to the increased vascularity that underlies the increased blood flow demonstrated by Doppler blood flow velocity measurements in these women. The results may explain the higher risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in programmes of ovarian stimulation in patients with PCO compared with those with normal ovaries.