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31.
32.
VS Gurunadh A Banarji S Patyal TS Ahluwalia AK Upadhyay M Bhadauria 《Medical Journal Armed Forces India》2010,66(2):147-150
Background
Proliferative vitreo-retinopathy (PVR) is the most common cause of failed repair of a primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). The success rates for the surgery of complicated RRD has doubled with improved vitreous techniques from 35–40% to approximately 65–75% at six months. However, despite these advances, recurrent vitreo-retinal traction leads to re-detachment in more than one-fourths of the initially successful cases. The use of adjunctive treatments to prevent cellular proliferation holds promise for the prevention of PVR or recurrences after surgery. One focus has been on the use of intra-vitreal antimetabolites to prevent the occurrence of PVR.Methods
Thirty patients of complicated retinal detachment associated with PVR, C1 or more were managed by vitreo-retinal (VR) surgery with the addition of 250 μg / ml of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and 1 IU / ml of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) to the vitreous infusion. The patients were examined for any evidence of PVR till 180 days as also for any systemic or other ophthalmic complication.Result
Out of the 30 cases in the study group, 25 (83.34%) cases had retinal settlement at the end of six weeks, which is similar to the outcomes of conventional VR surgery. There was no case of any serious complication.Conclusion
The addition of LMWH and 5FU did not enhance the outcome of VR surgery.Key Words: Proliferative vitreo-retinopathy, Rhegmatogenons retinal detachment, 5-fluorouracil, Low molecular weight heparin 相似文献33.
Areia A Branco M Frutuoso C de Oliveira CF 《European journal of gynaecological oncology》2006,27(4):432-433
The authors present a case of endometrial adenocarcinoma after endometrial ablation, emphasizing the importance of close surveillance of these patients, patient selection and education. Even patients with none of the risk factors for endometrial cancer or contraindications to endometrial ablation should be checked carefully. 相似文献
34.
Suash Sharma Asis K Karak Rajvir Singh VS Mehta Chitra Sarkar Horst P Schmitt 《Pathology oncology research : POR》1999,5(2):134-141
An in vivo bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling index (LI) was estimated in 43 cases of astrocytic tumors and mixed gliomas by one hour intra-operative intravenous infusion at a dose of 200 mg/m2 and correlated with (a) histological grading using a computer aided malignancy classifier TESTAST-268; and (b) histological typing using WHO classification. The lowest BrdU LI was seen in pilocytic and gemistocytic astrocytomas followed by astrocytomas, anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastoma multiforme in that order. Mixed oligoastrocytomas followed the pattern of their astrocytic counterparts. Tumors of similar histological type showed different BrdU LI values especially amongst astrocytomas and glioblastomas. A statistically significant difference in the BrdU LI was also noted between the higher TESTAST grades of astrocytomas (T III and IV) versus the lower TESTAST grades (T II). Unlike earlier reports in literature, in the present study the category of BrdU LI of <1 contained no case of anaplastic astrocytoma or glioblastoma multiforme (TESTAST grades III and IV). Likewise, the category of BrdU LI >5 contained only anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme (TESTAST grades III and IV). Maximum spread of cases was seen in the BrdU LI category of 1-5, not only in terms of histological types but also TESTAST grades. Thus there appeared to be a positive trend of increasing BrdU LI values both with histological types and increasing TESTAST grades. Further, an interesting observation was that by using a combination of TESTAST grades and BrdU LI, the histologically homogenous glioblastoma group could be further subdivided into 4 categories which showed a trend towards prognostic correlation. Thus, this study though preliminary with number of cases being small in some groups, highlights the possible usefulness of combined histological typing, TESTAST grading and in vivo BrdU LI for prognostication of gliomas especially glioblastoma multiforme. 相似文献
35.
36.
A gradient in the duration of the G1 phase in the murine neocortical proliferative epithelium 总被引:2,自引:6,他引:2
Miyama S; Takahashi T; Nowakowski RS; Caviness VS Jr 《Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)》1997,7(7):678-689
Neuronogenesis in the neocortical pseudostratified ventricular epithelium
(PVE) is initiated rostrolaterally and progresses caudo- medially as
development progresses. Here we have measured the cytokinetic parameters
and the fractional neuronal output parameter, Q, of laterally located
early-maturing regions over the principal embryonic days (E12-E15) of
neocortical neuronogenesis in the mouse. These measures are compared with
ones previously made of a medial, late- maturing portion of the PVE.
Laterally, as medially, the duration of the neuronogenetic interval is 6
days and comprises 11 integer cell cycles. Also, in both lateral and medial
areas the length of G1 phase (TG1) increases nearly 4-fold and is the only
cell cycle parameter to change. Q progresses essentially identically
laterally and medially with respect to the succession of integer cell
cycles. Most importantly, from E12 to E13 there is a steeply declining
lateral to medial gradient in TG1. The gradient is due both to the lateral
to medial graded stage of neuronogenesis and to the stepwise increase in
TG1 with each integer cycle during the neuronogenetic interval. To our
knowledge this gradient in TG1 of the cerebral PVE is the first cell
biological gradient to be demonstrated experimentally in such an extensive
proliferative epithelial sheet. We suggest that this gradient in TG1 is the
cellular mechanism for positionally encoding a protomap of the neocortex
within the PVE.
相似文献
37.
38.
Autoantibodies against platelet membrane glycoproteins in children with acute and chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The autoimmune nature of chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in adults is widely accepted. In contrast, the pathogenetic mechanism in acute and chronic ITP in children is not known. In this report, we studied 39 children with destructive thrombocytopenia, 15 patients with acute ITP and 24 patients with chronic ITP. Platelet autoantibodies to platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa were detected in 14 of 24 patients (58.3%) in the chronic ITP group and in four of 15 (26.7%) with acute ITP. Binding ratios (+/- SD) of positive patients were significantly greater (P = .01) in chronic ITP (8.0 +/- 9.1) when compared with those of acute ITP where the binding ratios were only slightly above the normal range (1.9 +/- 0.4). The results show that autoantibodies against platelet glycoproteins are present in the majority of children with chronic ITP confirming the autoimmune nature of this disorder. The minimal elevation seen in the positive children with acute ITP suggests a different pathogenetic mechanism. These data suggest that this approach may be useful in differentiating acute from chronic ITP patients. 相似文献
39.
Gudlavalleti VS Murthy Samantha Fox Selvaraj Sivasubramaniam Clare E Gilbert Abdull M Mahdi Abdullahi U Imam Gabriel Entekume Abiose Adenike Olufunmilayo O Bankole C Ezelum Fatima Kyari Mansur M Rabiu Hannah Faal Pak Sang Lee Abubakar Tafida 《Cardiovascular journal of Africa》2013,24(9):344-350
Hypertension is increasingly being recognised as an important public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa, with 26.9% of men and 28.4% of women in 2000 being estimated to have hypertension.1 Although lower than the prevalence in high-income countries (37.4% in men and 37.2% in women), in terms of numbers of people affected, the burden of hypertension in low- and middle-income countries is greater due to the large population.1Hypertension has been recognised as a strong independent risk factor for heart disease and stroke and a predictor of premature death and disability from cardiovascular complications.2 It has been reported that 13.5% of deaths and 6% of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were attributed to hypertension globally, and for low- and middle income people, these figures were 12.9 and 5.6%, respectively over the period 1990 to 2001.3 Although infectious diseases remain the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease and hypertension is rising rapidly.4It has been emphasised that urbanisation is a key reason for the increasing rates of hypertension, as evidenced by the higher prevalence of hypertension in urban areas.4-6 Urban lifestyles, characterised by sedentary living, increased salt intake, obesity and stress contribute to these differences.5 With the urban population in sub-Saharan Africa projected to increase, a greater risk of hypertension is anticipated.Studies on the association between ethnicity and hypertension in high-income countries have documented a higher prevalence of hypertension in black ethnic groups compared to white ethnic groups.7-9 Reasons for this association are complex, unclear and much debated, reflecting genetic and biochemical mechanisms, and environmental and socio-economic factors.10,11 There is limited evidence regarding differences in the prevalence of hypertension between ethnic groups within the broader classification of black ethnicity.6,12,13Studies in Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa have mainly involved specific geographical areas or have focused on sub-groups of the population.5,14 Surveys from Nigeria report prevalence estimates ranging from 20.2 to 36.6%, but all have involved participants with different age ranges.15-18 To plan services for hypertension in Nigeria, it is essential to have accurate prevalence estimates for the whole population and to identify populations at risk.Nigeria, which is the most populous country in sub-Saharan Africa, is home to over 250 different ethnic groups. Nigeria is experiencing rapid urbanisation of the population, which is likely to increase the population at risk for hypertension.19 The present study is one of the largest population-based surveys in the region and is able to provide a nationally representative estimate of hypertension for Nigeria. 相似文献
40.