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991.
992.
Andrea Vergallo René-Sosata Bun Nicola Toschi Filippo Baldacci Henrik Zetterberg Kaj Blennow Enrica Cavedo Foudil Lamari Marie-Odile Habert Bruno Dubois Roberto Floris Francesco Garaci Simone Lista Harald Hampel 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2018,14(12):1623-1631
Introduction
Several neurodegenerative brain proteinopathies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), are associated with cerebral deposition of insoluble aggregates of α-synuclein. Previous studies reported a trend toward increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) α-synuclein (α-syn) concentrations in AD compared with other neurodegenerative diseases and healthy controls.Methods
The pathophysiological role of CSF α-syn in asymptomatic subjects at risk of AD has not been explored. We performed a large-scale cross-sectional observational monocentric study of preclinical individuals at risk for AD (INSIGHT-preAD).Results
We found a positive association between CSF α-syn concentrations and brain β-amyloid deposition measures as mean cortical standard uptake value ratios. We demonstrate positive correlations between CSF α-syn and both CSF t-tau and p-tau181 concentrations.Discussion
Animal models presented evidence, indicating that α-syn may synergistically and directly induce fibrillization of both tau and β-amyloid. Our data indicate an association of CSF α-syn with AD-related pathophysiological mechanisms, during the preclinical phase of the disease. 相似文献993.
Giorgia Sciacca Ester Reggio Giovanni Mostile Alessandra Nicoletti Filippo Drago Salvatore Salomone Mario Zappia 《Neurological sciences》2018,39(2):341-345
Neostigmine test (NT) is a pharmacological test, demonstrating a clinical improvement in patients affected by myasthenia gravis (MG). We aim to compare clinical evaluation and neurophysiological recordings by concentric-needle single-fiber electromyography (CN-SFEMG) in response to acute administration of neostigmine in ocular and generalized MG patients. Twenty-three MG patients (10 with ocular MG and 13 with generalized MG) were evaluated before and after 90 min neostigmine 0.5-mg administration. Clinical responsiveness was assessed by MG composite (MGC) scale. Neurophysiological evaluation by CN-SFEMG considered analysis of mean value of consecutive differences (MCD), single-pair jitter, and blocks. MGC scores significantly improved after NT in generalized MG patients (MGC 11.1?±?7.6 vs 9.1?±?6.7, p?=?0.02), whereas the improvement was not significant in the ocular group. CN-SFEMG recordings significantly improved after NT in generalized MG patients (MCD 58.9?±?18.8 vs 45.9?±?23.2 μs, p?=?0.003; single-pair jitter 49.8?±?26.9 vs 24.1?±?26.7%, p?=?0.0001; blocks 6.2?±?9.5 vs 2.6?±?7.4%, p?=?0.03) as well as in ocular MG patients (MCD 50.8?±?22.7 vs 40.1?±?22.9 μs, p?=?0.01; single-pair jitter 35.9?±?23.7 vs 20.0?±?25.1%, p?=?0.001). CN-SFEMG is a reliable tool to evaluate responsiveness to acute administration of neostigmine in MG. Moreover, neurophysiological modifications to NT could show subclinical improvement in ocular MG better than that of the clinical scale. 相似文献
994.
Low molecular weight heparin does not increase bleeding and mortality post‐endoscopic variceal band ligation in cirrhotic patients
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995.
Lanzillo Roberta Prosperini Luca Gasperini Claudio Moccia Marcello Fantozzi Roberta Tortorella Carla Nociti Viviana Annovazzi Pietro Cavalla Paola Radaelli Marta Malucchi Simona Clerici Valentina Torri Boffa Laura Buttari Fabio Ragonese Paolo Maniscalco Giorgia Teresa Di Filippo Massimiliano Buscarinu Maria Chiara Pinardi Federica Gallo Antonio Coghe Giancarlo Pesci Ilaria Laroni Alice Gajofatto Alberto Calabrese Massimiliano Tomassini Valentina Cocco Eleonora Solaro Claudio 《Journal of neurology》2018,265(5):1174-1183
Journal of Neurology - In this independent, multicenter, retrospective study, we investigated the short-term persistence to treatment with first-line self-injectable or oral disease-modifying... 相似文献
996.
Background
High frequency transcranial random noise stimulation (hf-tRNS) facilitates performance in several perceptual and cognitive tasks, however, little is known about the underlying modulatory mechanisms.Objective
In this study we compared the effects of hf-tRNS to those of anodal and cathodal tDCS in a global motion direction discrimination task. An equivalent noise (EN) paradigm was used to assess how hf-tRNS modulates the mechanisms underlying local and global motion processing.Method
Motion coherence threshold and slope of the psychometric function were estimated using an 8AFC task in which observers had to discriminate the motion direction of a random dot kinematogram presented either in the left or right visual hemi-field. During the task hf-tRNS, anodal and cathodal tDCS were delivered over the left hMT+. In a subsequent experiment we implemented an EN paradigm in order to investigate the effects of hf-tRNS on the mechanisms involved in visual motion integration (i.e., internal noise and sampling).Results
hf-tRNS reduced the motion coherence threshold but did not affect the slope of the psychometric function, suggesting no modulation of stimulus discriminability. Anodal and cathodal tDCS did not produce any modulatory effects. EN analysis in the last experiment found that hf-tRNS modulates sampling but not internal noise, suggesting that hf-tRNS modulates the integration of local motion cues.Conclusion
hf-tRNS interacts with the output neurons tuned to directions near to the directional signal, incrementing the signal-to-noise ratio and the pooling of local motion cues and thus increasing the sensitivity for global moving stimuli. 相似文献997.
Marco Calabrò Stefano Porcelli Concetta Crisafulli Sheng-Min Wang Soo-Jung Lee Changsu Han Ashwin A. Patkar Prakash S. Masand Diego Albani Ilaria Raimondi Gianluigi Forloni Sofia Bin Carlotta Cristalli Vilma Mantovani Chi-Un Pae 《Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN》2018,64(1):62-74
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a common and severe mental disorder. Genetic factors likely play a role in its pathophysiology as well as in treatment response. In the present study, we investigated the effects of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 9 genes involved with antipsychotic (AP) mechanisms of action. Two independent samples were recruited. The Korean sample included 176 subjects diagnosed with SCZ and 326 healthy controls, while the Italian sample included 83 subjects and 194 controls. AP response as measured by the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) was the primary outcome, while the secondary outcome was the SCZ risk. Exploratory analyses were performed on (1) symptom clusters response (as measured by PANSS subscales); (2) age of onset; (3) family history; and (4) suicide history. Associations evidenced in the primary analyses did not survive to the FDR correction. Concerning SCZ risk, we partially confirmed the associations among COMT and MAPK1 genetic variants and SCZ. Finally, our exploratory analysis suggested that CHRNA7 and HTR2A genes may modulate both positive and negative symptoms responses, while PLA2G4A and SIGMAR1 may modulate respectively positive and negative symptoms responses. Moreover, GSK3B, HTR2A, PLA2G4A, and S100B variants may determine an anticipation of SCZ age of onset. Our results did not support a primary role for the genes investigated in AP response as a whole. However, our exploratory findings suggested that these genes may be involved in symptom clusters response. 相似文献
998.
999.
Ylenia Duca Aldo E. Calogero Rossella Cannarella Filippo Giacone Laura M. Mongioi Rosita A. Condorelli Sandro La Vignera 《Andrologia》2019,51(5)
Erectile dysfunction could be an early sign of endothelial dysfunction and, therefore, of cardiovascular disease, with which it shares many risk factors. Among reversible risk factors, physical inactivity is one of the most important. Regular physical exercise has been shown to improve erectile function through different mechanisms involving glucose and lipid metabolism, regulation of arterial pressure, production of nitric oxide and hormonal modulation. Furthermore, exercise shows a synergistic effect with the drugs commonly used in the treatment of impotence. Since many patients with erectile dysfunction may have underlying cardiovascular disease, the evaluation of individual cardiovascular risk is mandatory before prescribing physical exercise. When exercise is not contraindicated, the most appropriate protocol must be chosen, considering the individual characteristics of the patient. Both aerobic and anaerobic/resistance protocols have proven effective. However, meta‐analytic studies show that aerobic exercise with moderate‐to‐vigorous intensity is the most effective in improving erection. Testosterone is an important modulator of physical performance, and its blood levels must always be evaluated in patients with erectile dysfunction. 相似文献
1000.
Lorenzo Nicolè MD Filippo Cappello MS Rocco Cappellesso MD PhD Christopher J. VandenBussche MD PhD Ambrogio Fassina MD 《Cancer cytopathology》2019,127(8):493-500
The cytomorphologic evaluation of serous cavity specimens can quickly determine the cause of an effusion as well as the presence or absence of a neoplastic process. Ancillary tests such as immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization are frequently used to help to definitively identify malignant cells, determine a site of origin, and distinguish between malignant and reactive mesothelial proliferations. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been increasingly evaluated in cytologic specimens, including those from serous cavities. The examination of miRNA is attractive because of the stability of miRNA in such specimens and data suggesting that miRNA can provide prognostic and therapeutic information in addition to its role in diagnosis. Furthermore, miRNAs exist within extracellular exosomes, and this allows for their analysis in specimens that contain only rare malignant cells, degenerated cells, or obscuring components. This review discusses the technical aspects of specimen processing for miRNA analysis, recent studies of miRNA expression in malignant serous cavity specimens, and the potential importance of miRNA expression analysis for serous cavity specimens in the near future. 相似文献